如何正确使用Javascript或jQuery对以下URL进行编码？

let url = "https://example.com/path?query=value#anchor";
let encodedUrl = encodeURIComponent(url);
console.log(encodedUrl);  // 输出：https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fpath%3Fquery%3Dvalue%23anchor

let encodedUrl = "https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fpath%3Fquery%3Dvalue%23anchor";
let decodedUrl = decodeURIComponent(encodedUrl);
console.log(decodedUrl);  // 输出：https://example.com/path?query=value#anchor

let url = "https://example.com/path?query=value%2Fextra%20query%3Dvalue%23anchor";
let decodedUrl = decodeURIComponent(url);
console.log(decodedUrl);  // 输出：https://example.com/path?query=value/extra+query=value#anchor