消除或忽略大轮廓/矩形opencv中的所有小轮廓或重叠轮廓或矩形

import cv2
import numpy as np

# 读取图像
image = cv2.imread('image.jpg')

# 转换为灰度图像
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化处理
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

# 轮廓检测
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

# 过滤小轮廓
filtered_contours = [cnt for cnt in contours if cv2.contourArea(cnt) > 100]

# 合并重叠矩形
merged_rects = []
for cnt in filtered_contours:
    x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(cnt)
    merged = False
    for i, rect in enumerate(merged_rects):
        if x >= rect[0] and y >= rect[1] and x + w <= rect[0] + rect[2] and y + h <= rect[1] + rect[3]:
            merged_rects[i] = (x, y, w, h)
            merged = True
            break
    if not merged:
        merged_rects.append((x, y, w, h))

# 绘制结果
result = image.copy()
for rect in merged_rects:
    x, y, w, h = rect
    cv2.rectangle(result, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (0, 255, 0), 2)

# 显示结果
cv2.imshow('Result', result)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()