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构建并部署 C#(.NET)应用

最近更新时间:2024-05-22 17:15:31

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步骤1:编写基础应用

1. 安装 .NET Core SDK 3.1。在 Console 中,使用 dotnet 命令新建一个空 Web 项目:
dotnet new web -o helloworld-csharp
cd helloworld-csharp
2. 更新 Program.cs 中的 CreateHostBuilder 定义,侦听 80 端口:
using System;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace helloworld_csharp
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
}

public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args)
{
string port = "80";
string url = String.Concat("http://0.0.0.0:", port);

return Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>().UseUrls(url);
});
}
}
}
3. Startup.cs 的内容更新为如下:
using System;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace helloworld_csharp
{
public class Startup
{
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
// For more information on how to configure your application, visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
}

// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}

app.UseRouting();

app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapGet("/", async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!\\n");
});
});
}
}
}
说明:
以上代码会创建一个基本的 Web 服务器,并监听 80 端口。

步骤2:将应用容器化

1. 在项目根目录下,创建一个名为 Dockerfile 的文件,内容如下:
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:6.0-alpine AS build
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.tencent.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories
WORKDIR /source

# copy csproj and restore as distinct layers
COPY *.sln .
COPY aspnetapp/*.csproj ./aspnetapp/
RUN dotnet restore -r linux-musl-x64 /p:PublishReadyToRun=true

# copy everything else and build app
COPY aspnetapp/. ./aspnetapp/
WORKDIR /source/aspnetapp
RUN dotnet publish -c release -o /app -r linux-musl-x64 --self-contained true --no-restore /p:PublishTrimmed=true /p:PublishReadyToRun=true /p:PublishSingleFile=true

# final stage/image
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime-deps:6.0-alpine-amd64

# 容器默认时区为UTC,如需使用上海时间请启用以下时区设置命令
# RUN apk add tzdata && cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo Asia/Shanghai > /etc/timezone

RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.tencent.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /app ./

# See: https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/20
# Uncomment to enable globalization APIs (or delete)
# ENV \\
# DOTNET_SYSTEM_GLOBALIZATION_INVARIANT=false \\
# LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 \\
# LANG=en_US.UTF-8
# RUN apk add --no-cache icu-libs

ENTRYPOINT ["./aspnetapp"]
2. 添加一个 .dockerignore 文件,以从容器映像中排除文件:
**/obj/
**/bin/

步骤3(可选):本地构建镜像

1. 如果您本地已经安装了 Docker,可以运行以下命令,在本地构建 Docker 镜像:
docker build -t helloworld-csharp
2. 构建成功后,运行 docker images,可以看到构建出的镜像,随后您可以将此镜像上传至您的镜像仓库。
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
helloworld-csharp latest 1c8dfb88c823 8 seconds ago 105MB

步骤4:部署到云托管

详情请参见 部署服务版本配置说明