消息队列 MQTT 版接入点格式

场景说明
本文介绍常见消息队列 MQTT 版的接入点获取方式和各语言 SDK 在不同协议下的 MQTT 接入点格式，帮助您快速在不同开发环境中配置和连接 MQTT 服务，确保设备与云端的安全可靠通信。
接入点获取方式
1. 登录 MQTT 控制台。
2. 在左侧导航栏选择资源管理 > 集群管理，选择好地域后，单击目标集群的“ID”，进入基本信息页面。
3. 在接入信息模块，可以获取 MQTT 接入点。
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Java SDK
环境准备：
Maven
Gradle
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
﻿
implementation group: 'org.eclipse.paho', name: 'org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3', version: '1.2.5'
﻿
接入点格式：
TCP
SSL/TLS
WebSocket
WebSocket over SSL
String serverUri = "tcp://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883";
String serverUri = "ssl://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:8883";
String serverUri = "ws://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:80/mqtt";
String serverUri = "wss://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:443/mqtt";
C
环境准备：
git clone https://git.eclipse.org/r/paho/org.eclipse.paho.mqtt.c
make
sudo make install
接入点格式：
/**
 * Return code: protocol prefix in serverURI should be:
 * @li @em tcp:// or @em mqtt:// - Insecure TCP
 * @li @em ssl:// or @em mqtts:// - Encrypted SSL/TLS
 * @li @em ws:// - Insecure websockets
 * @li @em wss:// - Secure web sockets
 *
 * The TLS enabled prefixes (ssl, mqtts, wss) are only valid if the TLS
 * version of the library is linked with.
 */
TCP
SSL/TLS
WebSocket
WebSocket over SSL
tcp://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883
or 
mqtt://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883
ssl://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883
or 
mqtts://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883
ws://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:80/mqtt
wss://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:443/mqtt
C++
环境准备：
$ git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.c.git
$ cd paho.mqtt.c
$ git checkout v1.3.13
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$ cmake -Bbuild -H. -DPAHO_ENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DPAHO_WITH_SSL=ON -DPAHO_HIGH_PERFORMANCE=ON
$ sudo cmake --build build/ --target install
接入点格式：
The library supports connecting to an MQTT server/broker using TCP, SSL/TLS, and websockets (secure and insecure). This is chosen by the URI supplied to the connect() call. It can be specified as:
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    "mqtt://<host>:<port>"   - TCP, unsecure
     "tcp://<host>:<port>"    (same)
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    "mqtts://<host>:<port>"  - SSL/TLS
     "ssl://<host>:<port>"     (same)
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    "ws://<host>:<port>"    - Unsecure websockets
    "wss://<host>:<port>"   - Secure websockets
﻿
The "mqtt://" and "tcp://" schemas are identical. They indicate an insecure connection over TCP. The "mqtt://" variation is new for the library, but becoming more common across different MQTT libraries.
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Similarly, the "mqtts://" and "ssl://" schemas are identical. They specify a secure connection over SSL/TLS sockets.
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Note that to use any of the secure connect options, "mqtts://, "ssl://", or "wss://" you must compile the library with the `PAHO_WITH_SSL=ON` CMake option to include OpenSSL. In addition, you _must_ specify `ssl_options` when you connect to the broker - i.e. you must add an instance of `ssl_options` to the `connect_options` when calling `connect()`.
Golang
环境准备：
go get github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang
接入点格式：
TCP
SSL/TLS
import (
    "fmt"
    mqtt "github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang"
)
﻿
var broker = "mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com"
var port = 8883    
opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()    
opts.AddBroker(fmt.Sprintf("ssl://%s:%d", broker, port))    
opts.SetClientID("golang_mqtt_client")
import (
    "fmt"
    mqtt "github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang"
)
﻿
var broker = "mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com"
var port = 8883    
opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()    
opts.AddBroker(fmt.Sprintf("ssl://%s:%d", broker, port))    
opts.SetClientID("golang_mqtt_client_ssl")
Rust
环境准备：
cargo add paho-mqtt
接入点格式：
TCP
SSL/TLS
use std::time::Duration;
use anyhow::Context;
use paho_mqtt::{
    Client, ConnectOptionsBuilder, CreateOptionsBuilder, DisconnectOptionsBuilder, Message,
};
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fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
    env_logger::init();
    let connect_options = ConnectOptionsBuilder::new_v3()
        .connect_timeout(Duration::from_secs(3))
        .clean_session(true)
        .max_inflight(128)
        .user_name("xxx")
        .password("XXXX")
        .automatic_reconnect(Duration::from_secs(1), Duration::from_secs(3))
        .server_uris(&["tcp://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883"])
        .finalize();
    let client = Client::new(
        CreateOptionsBuilder::new_v3()
            .client_id("rust-quick-start")
            .finalize(),
    )
    .context("Failed to create client")?;
    Ok(())
}


use std::time::Duration;
use anyhow::Context;
use paho_mqtt::{
    Client, ConnectOptionsBuilder, CreateOptionsBuilder, DisconnectOptionsBuilder, Message,
    SslOptionsBuilder,
};
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fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
    env_logger::init();
    let ssl_opt = SslOptionsBuilder::new().finalize();
    let connect_options = ConnectOptionsBuilder::new_v3()
        .connect_timeout(Duration::from_secs(3))
        .clean_session(true)
        .max_inflight(128)
        .user_name("xxx")
        .password("XXX")
        .automatic_reconnect(Duration::from_secs(1), Duration::from_secs(3))
        .server_uris(&["ssl://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:8883"])
        .ssl_options(ssl_opt)
        .finalize();
        
    let client = Client::new(
        CreateOptionsBuilder::new_v3()
            .client_id("rust-ssl")
            .finalize(),
    )
    .context("Failed to create client")?;

    Ok(())
}
MQTT.js
环境准备：
npm install mqtt
接入点格式：
TCP
SSL/TLS
WebSocket
WebSocket over SSL
import mqtt from 'mqtt'; 
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var opts = {
    username: 'my-username',
    password: 'my-password'
};
const client = mqtt.connect('mqtt://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com', opts);
import fs from 'fs';
import mqtt from 'mqtt';
﻿
const options = {
    protocol: 'mqtts', 
    host: 'mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com',
    port: 8883,
    ca: [fs.readFileSync('/path/to/ca.crt')],
    cert: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client.crt'),
    key: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client.key'),
 };
 
 const client = mqtt.connect(options);
import mqtt from 'mqtt'; 
﻿
var opts = {
    username: 'my-username',
    password: 'my-password'
};
const client = mqtt.connect(‘ws://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:80/mqtt’, opts);
import mqtt from 'mqtt'; 
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var opts = {
    username: 'my-username',
    password: 'my-password'
};
﻿
const client = mqtt.connect(‘wss://mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:443/mqtt’, opts);
Dart
环境准备：
dart pub add mqtt_client
接入点格式：
import 'dart:async';
import 'dart:io';
import 'package:mqtt_client/mqtt_client.dart';
import 'package:mqtt_client/mqtt_server_client.dart';
﻿
final client = MqttServerClient('mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com', '1883');
﻿
Future<int> main() async {
  client.logging(on: true);
  client.keepAlivePeriod = 60;
  client.onDisconnected = onDisconnected;
  client.onConnected = onConnected;
  client.pongCallback = pong;
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  final connMess = MqttConnectMessage()
      .withClientIdentifier('dart_client')
      .withWillTopic('willtopic') 
      .withWillMessage('My Will message')
      .startClean() 
      .withWillQos(MqttQos.atLeastOnce);
  print('client connecting....');
  client.connectionMessage = connMess;
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  try {
    await client.connect();
  } on NoConnectionException catch (e) {
    print('client exception - $e');
    client.disconnect();
  } on SocketException catch (e) {
    print('socket exception - $e');
    client.disconnect();
  }
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  if (client.connectionStatus!.state == MqttConnectionState.connected) {
    print('client connected');
  } else {
    print('client connection failed - disconnecting, status is ${client.connectionStatus}');
    client.disconnect();
    exit(-1);
  }
  return 0;
}
﻿
﻿
/// The unsolicited disconnect callback
void onDisconnected() {
  print('OnDisconnected client callback - Client disconnection');
  if (client.connectionStatus!.disconnectionOrigin ==
      MqttDisconnectionOrigin.solicited) {
    print('OnDisconnected callback is solicited, this is correct');
  }
  exit(-1);
}
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/// The successful connect callback
void onConnected() {
  print('OnConnected client callback - Client connection was sucessful');
}
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/// Pong callback
void pong() {
  print('Ping response client callback invoked');
}
Python
环境准备：
pip install paho-mqtt
接入点格式：
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt


# The callback for when the client receives a CONNACK response from the server.
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, reason_code, properties):
    print(f"Connected with result code {reason_code}")
    # Subscribing in on_connect() means that if we lose the connection and
    # reconnect then subscriptions will be renewed.
    client.subscribe("$SYS/#")


# The callback for when a PUBLISH message is received from the server.
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
    print(msg.topic+" "+str(msg.payload))


mqttc = mqtt.Client(mqtt.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2)
mqttc.on_connect = on_connect
mqttc.on_message = on_message


mqttc.connect("mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:1883", 1883, 60)


# Blocking call that processes network traffic, dispatches callbacks and
# handles reconnecting.
# Other loop*() functions are available that give a threaded interface and a
# manual interface.
mqttc.loop_forever()
﻿
接入点格式

本页目录：

场景说明

接入点获取方式

Java SDK

C

C++

Golang

Rust

MQTT.js

Dart

Python
