企业级LNMP架构搭建实例(基于Centos6.x)

[root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
[root@web01 ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64

yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

tar xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.10.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.2]# echo $?
0

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.2]# make

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.2]# make install

[root@web01 application]# ln -s /application/nginx-1.10.2/ /application/nginx

[root@web01 conf]# egrep -v "#|^$" nginx.conf.default >nginx.conf

[root@web01 application]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@web01 application]#

[root@web01 application]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      26548      1  0 20:13 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
www       26549  26548  0 20:13 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process        
root      26551  23431  3 20:13 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

[root@web01 application]# netstat -lntup |grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      26548/nginx  

mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

cd /server/tools/
[root@web01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

cd /server/tools/
mv mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.34
ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.34  /application/mysql

[root@web01 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/data/
[root@web01 ~]# ll /application/mysql/data/ -d
drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Oct 26 11:26 /application/mysql/data/

/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql

[root@web01 ~]# ls -l /application/mysql/data/
total 110604
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 26 11:56 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 26 11:56 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 26 11:56 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 26 11:56 mysql
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 26 11:56 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 26 11:26 test

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h web01 password 'new-password'

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

[root@web01 ~]# cp -a  /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@web01 ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@web01 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

/etc/my.cnf

 \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@web01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!

[root@web01 ~]# netstat -lntup |grep 3306
tcp    0      0 :::3306               :::*             LISTEN      54042/mysqld    

[root@web01 ~]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'clsn123'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

[root@web01 ~]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pclsn123
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 5.6.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
which mysql

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database             |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql                 |
| performance_schema |
| test                  |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.26 sec)

mysql> use  mysql;show tables;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql             |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv                 |
| db                             |
| event                         |
| func                          |
| general_log                  |
| help_category                |
| help_keyword                 |
| help_relation                |
| help_topic                   |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)

show databases;                <--- 查询默认的数据库信息
create database clsn;        <---创建新的数据库
drop database clsn;          <---删除存在的数据库
use mysql;                     <--- 表示选择使用一个数据库，相当于cd进入一个数据库
show tables；                  <---查看数据库中表信息
select database();             <--- 表示查看当前所在数据库，类似于pwd命令的功能
select user();                 <--- 查看当前登录数据库的用户，类似于whoami命令
                                    并且mysql还可以限制指定用户可以从哪里进行连接登录数据库
select * from user\G;          <---查看user表中所有信息，并且纵行显示

select user,host from user;         ---查看user表中指定信息，并且横行显示
select user,host from mysql.user;   ---查看可以登录mysql数据库的目录，以及都可以从哪里进行管理mysql数据库
grant all on *.* to user@'host' identified by 'clsn123';           ---创建用户 
grant all on *.* to Old_Boy@'localhost' identified by 'clsn123';   ---创建用户（大写用户）
drop user 'user'@'host';
flush privileges；                  --- 刷新权限

yum install zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel libxslt-devel -y

rpm -qa zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel

yum install -y zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel

mkdir -p /server/tools
cd /server/tools
#wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make
make install

yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt
rpm -qa libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt

cd /server/tools/
[root@web01 lnmp]# tar xf php-5.5.32.tar.gz 

./configure \
--prefix=/application/php-5.5.32 \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-soap \
--enable-short-tags \
--enable-static \
--with-xsl \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-opcache=no

 1 ./configure 编译参数
 2 
 3 –prefix=/application/php5.3.27 指定php的安装路径为/application/php5.3.27
 4 
 5 –with-mysql=/application/mysql/ 
 6 需要指定mysql的安装路径,安装PHP需要的MySQL相关内容。当然如果没有MySQL软件包，也可以不单独安装，这样的情况可使用–with-mysql=mysqlnd替代–with-mysql=/application/mysql,因为PHP软件里面已经自带连接MySQL的客户端工具。    
 7 
 8 –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv    libiconv库,各种字符集间的转换
 9 
10 –with-freetype-dir    打开对freetype字体库支持
11 
12 –with-jpeg-dir 打开对jpeg图片的支持
13 
14 –with-png-dir 打开对png图片的支持
15 
16 –with-zlib 打开zlib库的支持,用于http压缩传输
17 
18 –with-libxml-dir=/usr 打开libxml2库的支持
19 
20 –enable-xml    
21 
22 –disable-rpath 关闭额外的运行库文件
23 
24 –enable-safe-mode 打开安全模式
25 
26 –enable-bcmath 打开图片大小调整,用zabbix监控时会用到该模块
27 
28 –enable-shmop 
29 
30 –enable-sysvsem 使用sysv信号机制,则打开此选项
31 
32 –enable-inline-optimization 优化线程
33 
34 –with-curl 打开curl浏览工具的支持
35 
36 –with-curlwrappers 运维curl工具打开url流
37 
38 –enable-mbregex     
39 
40 –enable-mbstring 支持mbstring
41 
42 –with-mcrypt 编码函数库
43 
44 –with-gd 打开gd库的支持
45 
46 –enable-gd-native-ttf 支持TrueType字符串函数库
47 
48 –with-openl openl的支持,加密传输时用到
49 
50 –with-mhash mhash算法的扩展
51 
52 –enable-pcntl freeTDS需要用到,可能是链接mql
53 
54 –enable-sockets 打开sockets支持
55 
56 –with-xmlrpc 打开xml-rpc的c语言
57 
58 –enable-zip 打开对zip的支持
59 
60 –enable-soap soap模块的扩展
61 
62 –enable-short-tags 开始和标记函数
63 
64 –enable-zend-multibyte 支持zend的多字节
65 
66 –enable-static 生成静态链接库
67 
68 –with-xsl 打开XSLT文件支持,扩展libXML2库,需要libxslt软件
69 
70 –enable-ftp    打开ftp的支持
71 
72 –enable-fpm    表示激活PHP-FPM方式服务,即FactCGI方式运行PHP服务。
73 
74 –with-fpm-user=www    指定PHP-FPM进程管理的用户为www,此处最好和Nginx服务用户统一。
75 
76 –with-fpm-group=www    指定PHP-FPM进程管理用户组为www,此处最好和Nginx服务用户组统一。

Generating files
configure: creating ./config.status
creating main/internal_functions.c
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

ln -s /application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/
touch ext/phar/phar.phar

make && make install

ln -s /application/php-5.5.32/ /application/php

cd /server/tools/php-5.5.32
ll php.ini*
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 69236 2016-02-02 21:33 php.ini-development
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 69266 2016-02-02 21:33 php.ini-production

diff / vimdiff

# 创建软连接 ： ln -sf /application/php-5.5.32 /application/php
[root@web01 ~]#cd /server/tools/php-5.5.32
[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini
[root@web01 etc]# cd /application/php/etc/
[root@web01 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

[root@web01 ~]# /application/php/sbin/php-fpm 

[root@web01 ~]# netstat -lntup |grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN  

vim extra/blog.conf
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  blog.etiantian.org;
        location / {
                    root   html/blog;
                    index  index.php index.html index.htm;       
        }
        location ~* .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
                    root html/blog;
                    fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
                    fastcgi_index index.php;
                    include fastcgi.conf;
        }
}

[root@web01 ~]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@web01 ~]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>'                    >/application/nginx/html/blog/test_info.php

        curl  http://blog.etiantian.org/index.html            <-- 静态请求站点文件信息测试    

        curl  http://blog.etiantian.org/test_info.php         <-- 动态请求站点文件信息测试

mysql -uroot -pclsn123;
show databases;                      <--- 查看当前数据库信息
create database wordpress;            <---创建博客储存数据库    

grant all on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'clsn123';
flush privileges;

drop user wordpress@'172.16.1.8';    <--- 删除用户信息
select user,host from mysql.user;    <--- 查看用户信息
mysql -uwordpress -p123456           <--- 测试创建的用户连接
show databases;                      <--- 查看当前数据库信息

vim test_mysql.php
<?php
//$link_id=mysql_connect('主机名','用户','密码');
//mysql -u用户 -p密码 -h 主机
$link_id=mysql_connect('localhost','wordpress','clsn123') or mysql_error();
if($link_id){
             echo "mysql successful by clsn !\n";
            }else{
             echo mysql_error();
            }
?>

tar xf wordpress-4.7.3-zh_CN.tar.gz  

[root@web01 wordpress]# pwd
/server/tools/lnmp/wordpress
[root@web01 wordpress]# mv ./* /application/nginx/html/blog/

[root@web01 wordpress]# cd /application/nginx/html/blog/
[root@web01 blog]# chown www.www -R /application/nginx/html/blog/

[root@web01 blog]# ll
total 200
-rw-r--r--  1 www www    11 Oct 25 09:20 index.html
-rw-r--r--  1 www www   418 Sep 25  2013 index.php
……

mysql -uroot -pclsn123;
show databases;              
create database wordpress;    

mysql> grant all on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'clsn123'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+
| user      | host      |
+-----------+-----------+
| wordpress | 10.0.0.%  |
| root      | 127.0.0.1 |
| root      | ::1       |
|           | localhost |
| root      | localhost |
|           | web01     |
| root      | web01     |
+-----------+-----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@db01 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pclsn123 --all-databases >/tmp/bak.sql

[root@web01 tools]# rsync  -avz /tmp/bak.sql  172.16.1.51:/tmp/
The authenticity of host '172.16.1.51 (172.16.1.51)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is d3:41:bb:0d:43:88:da:a3:2c:e8:36:91:11:c9:e4:9c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.16.1.51' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.16.1.51's password: 
sending incremental file list
bak.sql

sent 377261 bytes  received 31 bytes  83842.67 bytes/sec
total size is 1483738  speedup is 3.93

cd /server/tools
tar xf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
useradd -s /sbin/nologin  -M mysql
mkdir -p /application/
mv /server/tools/mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.34
ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.34/ /application/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql
/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql
cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld
\cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'clsn123'

[root@db01 ~]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pclsn123 </tmp/bak.sql 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@web01 ~]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql -u wordpress -pclsn123  -h 10.0.0.51
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database             |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test                  |
| wordpress            |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@web01 ~]# vim /application/nginx/html/blog/wp-config.php

……

/** MySQL主机 */

define('DB_HOST', '10.0.0.51');

……

find -type f -mmin -1

/application/nginx/html/blog/wp-content/uploads

[root@web01 uploads]# pwd
/application/nginx/html/blog/wp-content/uploads
[root@web01 uploads]# mkdir /tmp/wordpress_bak
[root@web01 uploads]# mv ./*  /tmp/wordpress_bak/

[root@nfs01 data]# cat /etc/exports 
#share user:hzs
/data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,root_squash,no_all_squash,anonuid=501,anongid=501)

[root@nfs01 /]# id www
uid=501(www) gid=501(www) groups=501(www)

[root@nfs01 /]# ll /data/ -d
drwxr-xr-x 3 www www 4096 Oct 27 12:11 /data/

[root@web01 uploads]# showmount -e 172.16.1.31
Export list for 172.16.1.31:
/data 172.16.1.0/24

[root@web01 uploads]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data  /application/nginx/html/blog/wp-content/uploads/

[root@web01 uploads]# df -h
Filesystem         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3           19G  3.7G   15G  21% /
tmpfs              238M     0  238M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1          190M   40M  141M  22% /boot
172.16.1.31:/data   19G  1.5G   17G   9% /application/nginx-1.10.2/html/blog/wp-content/uploads

[root@web01 uploads]# pwd
application/nginx-1.10.2/html/blog/wp-content/uploads
[root@web01 uploads]# mv /tmp/wordpress_bak/* ./

yum install bash-completion -y