python学习笔记7.5-内建模块struct

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
'''测试struct模块'''
from struct import *
import array

def fun_calcsize():
    print 'ci:',calcsize('ci')#计算格式占内存大小
    print '@ci:',calcsize('@ci')
    print '=ci:',calcsize('=ci')
    print '>ci:',calcsize('>ci')
    print '<ci:',calcsize('<ci')
    print 'ic:',calcsize('ic')#计算格式占内存大小
    print '@ic:',calcsize('@ic')
    print '=ic:',calcsize('=ic')
    print '>ic:',calcsize('>ic')
    print '<ic:',calcsize('<ic')

def fun_pack(Format,msg = [0x11223344,0x55667788]):
    result = pack(Format,*msg)
    print 'pack'.ljust(10),str(type(result)).ljust(20),
    for i in result:
        print hex(ord(i)), # ord把ASCII码表中的字符转换成对应的整形,hex将数值转化为十六进制
    print

    result = unpack(Format,result)
    print 'unpack'.ljust(10),str(type(result)).ljust(20),
    for i in result:
        print hex(i),
    print 

def fun_pack_into(Format,msg = [0x11223344,0x55667788]):
    r = array.array('c',' '*8)#大小为8的可变缓冲区,writable buffer
    result = pack_into(Format,r,0,*msg)
    print 'pack_into'.ljust(10),str(type(result)).ljust(20),
    for i in r.tostring():
        print hex(ord(i)),
    print

    result = unpack_from(Format,r,0)
    print 'pack_from'.ljust(10),str(type(result)).ljust(20),
    for i in result:
        print hex(i),
    print

def IsBig_Endian():
    '''判断本机为大/小端'''
    a = 0x12345678
    result = pack('i',a)#此时result就是一个string字符串，字符串按字节同a的二进制存储内容相同。
    if hex(ord(result[0])) == '0x78':
        print '本机为小端'
    else:
        print '本机为大端'

def test():
    a = '1234'
    for i in a:
        print '字符%s的二进制:'%i,hex(ord(i))#字符对应ascii码表中对应整数的十六进制

    '''
    不用unpack()返回的数据也是可以使用pack()函数的,只要解包的字符串符合解包格式即可,
    pack()会按照解包格式将字符串在内存中的二进制重新解释(说的感觉不太好...,见下例)
    '''
    print '大端:',hex(unpack('>i',a)[0])#因为pack返回的是元组,即使只有一个元素也是元组的形式
    print '小端:',hex(unpack('<i',a)[0])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print '判断本机是否为大小端?',
    IsBig_Endian()

    fun_calcsize()

    print '大端:'
    Format = ">ii"
    fun_pack(Format)
    fun_pack_into(Format)

    print '小端:'
    Format = "<ii"
    fun_pack(Format)
    fun_pack_into(Format)

    print 'test'
    test()
    '''
    result:
    判断本机是否为大小端? 本机为小端
    ci: 8
    @ci: 8
    =ci: 5
    >ci: 5
    <ci: 5
    ic: 5
    @ic: 5
    =ic: 5
    >ic: 5
    <ic: 5
    大端:
    pack       <type 'str'>         0x11 0x22 0x33 0x44 0x55 0x66 0x77 0x88
    unpack     <type 'tuple'>       0x11223344 0x55667788
    pack_into  <type 'NoneType'>    0x11 0x22 0x33 0x44 0x55 0x66 0x77 0x88
    pack_from  <type 'tuple'>       0x11223344 0x55667788
    小端:
    pack       <type 'str'>         0x44 0x33 0x22 0x11 0x88 0x77 0x66 0x55
    unpack     <type 'tuple'>       0x11223344 0x55667788
    pack_into  <type 'NoneType'>    0x44 0x33 0x22 0x11 0x88 0x77 0x66 0x55
    pack_from  <type 'tuple'>       0x11223344 0x55667788
    test
    字符1的二进制: 0x31
    字符2的二进制: 0x32
    字符3的二进制: 0x33
    字符4的二进制: 0x34
    大端:0x31323334
    小端:0x34333231
    '''