Thrift入门实践

原创

Marky Lumin

发布于 2018-01-23 15:36:59

1.5K0

发布于 2018-01-23 15:36:59

文章被收录于专栏：刘明的小酒馆刘明的小酒馆

简介

Thrift是由facebook研发，用于各服务之间RPC的一个跨语言通信框架。C/S架构

Thrift IDL

为了能够把不同的语言连接在一起，就必须要有一种“中间语言”，来关联客户端和服务端的两种不同语言。

这种规范语言就是IDL(Interface Description Language)，接口定义语言。

具体的语法、定义参考下文，基本是C风格

Thrift IDL入门

生成代码

在编写好IDL之后，使用thrift的命令就可以生成对应语言的框架。

e.g IDL文件：HelloWorld.thrift

namespace py thrift_test.hello

enum RequestType {
   SAY_HELLO,   //问好
   QUERY_TIME,  //询问时间
}

struct Request {
   1: required RequestType type;  // 请求的类型，必选
   2: required string name;       // 发起请求的人的名字，必选
   3: optional i32 age;           // 发起请求的人的年龄，可选
}

exception RequestException {
   1: required i32 code;
   2: optional string reason;
}

// 服务名
service HelloWordService {
   string doAction(1: Request request) throws (1:RequestException qe); // 可能抛出异常。
}

执行命令生成对应的代码框架。执行成功后将在同级目录下产生一个文件夹，内部结构如下：

gen-py
├── __init__.py
└── thrift_test
    ├── __init__.py
    └── hello
        ├── HelloWordService-remote
        ├── HelloWordService.py
        ├── __init__.py
        ├── constants.py
        └── ttypes.py

其中里包含了在IDL里定义好的各种数据类型对应封装的Python类，包含了所有定义的常量，里则定义对应Service的完整描述，包括接口定义()，Client的调用桩等。

编写实现

对应语言的框架生成好之后，需要做的就是编写具体的实现了，以python为例，就是要实现对应里的方法，作为handler和其他各种组件组合，从而生成服务端代码。

以下是具体的例子

编写

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import datetime

from thrift_test.hello import ttypes
from thrift_test.hello import HelloWordService
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.server import TServer

__HOST = 'localhost'
__PORT = 9577


class HelloWordHandler(object):
    def doAction(self, request):
        ret_msg = ''
        if request.type == ttypes.RequestType.SAY_HELLO:
            ret_msg = 'Hello %s, we received your msg' % request.name
        elif request.type == ttypes.RequestType.QUERY_TIME:
            ret_msg = "current_time: " + str(datetime.datetime.now())
        print 'get request: %s' % request
        return ret_msg


handler = HelloWordHandler()
processor = HelloWordService.Processor(handler)
transport = TSocket.TServerSocket(__HOST, __PORT)
tfactory = TTransport.TBufferedTransportFactory()
pfactory = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocolFactory()

server = TServer.TSimpleServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)

print "starting server..."

server.serve()

print "done"

编写

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import datetime

from thrift_test.hello import ttypes
from thrift_test.hello import HelloWordService
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.server import TServer

__HOST = 'localhost'
__PORT = 9577


class HelloWordHandler(object):
    def doAction(self, request):
        ret_msg = ''
        if request.type == ttypes.RequestType.SAY_HELLO:
            ret_msg = 'Hello %s, we received your msg' % request.name
        elif request.type == ttypes.RequestType.QUERY_TIME:
            print "type query"
            ret_msg = "current_time: " + str(datetime.datetime.now())
        print 'get request: %s' % request
        return ret_msg


handler = HelloWordHandler()
processor = HelloWordService.Processor(handler)
transport = TSocket.TServerSocket(__HOST, __PORT)
tfactory = TTransport.TBufferedTransportFactory()
pfactory = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocolFactory()

server = TServer.TSimpleServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)

print "starting server..."

server.serve()

print "done"

liuminghao@n8-160-227:~/repos/thrift_test/demo$ cat client.py 
# -*- coding:utf-8
from thrift_test.hello import HelloWordService
from thrift_test.hello.ttypes import Request,RequestType
from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket, TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

try:
    transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost',9577)
    transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
    protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)
    client = HelloWordService.Client(protocol)
    transport.open()

    req = Request(RequestType.SAY_HELLO,"mark",12)

    print "request 1"

    msg = client.doAction(req)

    print "server msg 1: " + msg 

    req = Request(RequestType.QUERY_TIME,"marky")

    print "request 2"

    msg = client.doAction(req)

    print "server msg 2: " + msg 

    transport.close()

except Thrift.TException as e:
    print "exception: " + e.message

先运行再执行，结果如下：

request 1
server msg 1: Hello mark, we received your msg
request 2
server msg 2: current_time: 2018-01-15 15:14:40.800472

如上即为一个ThriftRPC的基本使用示范。

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

rpc

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

rpc

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