Python生成随机验证码,需要使用PIL模块.python3则是pillow
安装:
1 | pip3 install pillow |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | from PIL import Image img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) # 在图片查看器中打开 # img.show() # 保存在本地 with open('code.png','wb') as f: img.save(f,format='png') |
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1 2 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') # 第一个参数:表示坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.point([100, 100], fill="red") draw.point([300, 300], fill=(255, 255, 255)) |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.line((100,100,100,300), fill='red') draw.line((100,100,300,100), fill=(255, 255, 255)) |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标(圆要画在其中间) # 第二个参数:表示开始角度 # 第三个参数:表示结束角度 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.arc((100,100,300,300),0,90,fill="red") |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([0,0],'python',"red") |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') # 第一个参数:表示字体文件路径 # 第二个参数:表示字体大小 font = ImageFont.truetype("kumo.ttf", 28) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([0, 0], 'python', "red", font=font) |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 | import random def check_code(width=120, height=30, char_length=5, font_file='kumo.ttf', font_size=28): code = [] img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(width, height), color=(255, 255, 255)) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') def rndChar(): """ 生成随机字母 :return: """ return chr(random.randint(65, 90)) def rndColor(): """ 生成随机颜色 :return: """ return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)) # 写文字 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size) for i in range(char_length): char = rndChar() code.append(char) h = random.randint(0, 4) draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font=font, fill=rndColor()) # 写干扰点 for i in range(40): draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor()) # 写干扰圆圈 for i in range(40): draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor()) x = random.randint(0, width) y = random.randint(0, height) draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=rndColor()) # 画干扰线 for i in range(5): x1 = random.randint(0, width) y1 = random.randint(0, height) x2 = random.randint(0, width) y2 = random.randint(0, height) draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=rndColor()) img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) return img,''.join(code) if __name__ == '__main__': # 1. 直接打开 # img,code = check_code() # img.show() # 2. 写入文件 # img,code = check_code() # with open('code.png','wb') as f: # img.save(f,format='png') # 3. 写入内存(Python3) # from io import BytesIO # stream = BytesIO() # img.save(stream, 'png') # stream.getvalue() # 4. 写入内存(Python2) # import StringIO # stream = StringIO.StringIO() # img.save(stream, 'png') # stream.getvalue() pass |
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def validcode(request):
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
from io import BytesIO
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 40),
color=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, 'RGB')
font = ImageFont.truetype('app01/static/font/kumo.ttf', 25)
valid_list = []
for i in range(5):
random_num = str(random.randint(0, 9))
random_upper_alp = chr(random.randint(65, 90))
random_lower_alp = chr(random.randint(97, 122))
valid_ele = random.choice([random_num, random_upper_alp, random_lower_alp])
valid_list.append(valid_ele)
draw.text([5 + i * 24, 10], valid_ele, (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)),
font=font)
# 写干扰点
for i in range(40):
draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)],
fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))
# 写干扰圆圈
for i in range(40):
draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)],
fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))
x = random.randint(0, 120)
y = random.randint(0, 40)
draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90,
fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))
# 画干扰线
for i in range(5):
x1 = random.randint(0, 120)
y1 = random.randint(0, 40)
x2 = random.randint(0, 120)
y2 = random.randint(0, 40)
draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255)))
f = BytesIO()
img.save(f, 'png')
data = f.getvalue()
valid_str = ''.join(valid_list) #将验证码拼接成字符串
print(valid_str)
request.session["keepValidCode"] = valid_str #将验证码保存在session中,方便在登陆时验证
return HttpResponse(data)
from app01 import models
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout
def log_in(request):
'''登陆'''
if request.method == 'GET':
form = LoginForm()
return render(request, 'login.html', {'form': form})
else:
data = request.POST
form = LoginForm(data=data)
validcode = request.POST.get('validcode')
if not form.is_valid():
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(dict(form.errors)))
if validcode.upper() != request.session["keepValidCode"].upper():
return HttpResponse(json.dumps('codeError'))
user = authenticate(**form.cleaned_data)
# user=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(**form.cleaned_data)
if not user:
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': False, 'msg': "用户名或者密码错误"}))
else:
login(request, user) #设置session
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': True}))
html部分:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | <p><label class="lbright">验证码:</label> <span> <input type="text" name="validcode" style="width:70px; vertical-align:middle;" id="validcode"/> <img id="codePic" src="http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic" width="60" height="21" style="vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;"/> </span> <a class="blurry" id="newPic" onclick="getPic();">看不清楚,换一张</a> </p> |
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js部分:
1 2 3 4 5 | <script type="text/javascript"> function getPic(){ $("#codePic").attr("src","http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic?flag="+Math.random()); }; </script> |
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或:
// 验证码刷新
$(".validCode_img").click(function () {
$(this)[0].src+="?"
})
这部分最重要的就是 $("#codePic").attr("src","http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic?flag="+Math.random()); 这部分的代码。如果不加flag="+Math.random()是实现不了局部刷新的功能的。因为src中如果每次访问的地址一样的话就会发生不更新的情况。具体为什么会发生这种情况大家可以自己去研究。而codePic其实是一个action。这个action的功能是利用java画笔画出验证码并打包成图片返回给img中的src。