sqlldr批量导入导出数据测试(86天)

sqlldr是在处理大数据量的操作中建议采用的方式，它有许多性能想关的开关，能最大程度的减少redo,undo的生成，控制数据的处理方式(insert,append,replace,truncate) 因为项目需要，对比datapump性能还是不理想，所以还是希望采用sqlldr来做。个人做了简单的测试。 根据thomas kyte的介绍，并行执行路径加载时最快的方式，能够直接写只格式化的数据块，最大限度的减少redo,undo的生成。 先写了如下的脚本。可以动态的从某个用户的表中生成元数据。 sqlplus -s $1 <<EOF set pages 0 col object_name format a30 set linseize 10000 set feedback off set colsep ',' spool $2.lst select *from $2 ; spool off; EOF 运行后生成的数据大体如下。

[ora11g@rac1 sqlldr]$ ksh spooldata.sh n1/n1 t
    370753,     10205,KU$_DOMIDX_OBJNUM_VIEW        ,VIEW
    370754,     10207,KU$_OPTION_OBJNUM_T           ,TYPE
    370755,     10208,KU$_EXPREG                    ,VIEW
    370756,     10210,SYS_YOID0000010209$           ,TYPE
    370757,     10209,KU$_OPTION_OBJNUM_VIEW        ,VIEW
    370758,     10211,KU$_OPTION_VIEW_OBJNUM_VIEW   ,VIEW
    370759,     10212,KU$_MARKER_T                  ,TYPE
    370760,     10214,SYS_YOID0000010213$           ,TYPE
    370761,     10213,KU$_MARKER_VIEW               ,VIEW
    370762,     10215,KU$_TABPROP_VIEW              ,VIEW
    370763,     10216,KU$_PFHTABPROP_VIEW           ,VIEW
    370764,     10217,KU$_REFPARTTABPROP_VIEW       ,VIEW
    370765,     10218,KU$_MVPROP_VIEW               ,VIEW
    370766,     10219,KU$_MVLPROP_VIEW              ,VIEW
    370767,     10220,KU$_TTS_VIEW                  ,VIEW
    370768,     10221,KU$_TAB_TS_VIEW               ,VIEW
    370769,     10222,KU$_TTS_IND_VIEW              ,VIEW
    370770,     10223,KU$_IND_TS_VIEW               ,VIEW
    370771,     10224,KU$_CLU_TS_VIEW               ,VIEW

然后准备控制文件 sqlldr.ctl,把数据从t加载到tt里面去。 load data into table tt fields terminated by ',' (id,object_id,object_name,object_type) 尝试导入： [ora11g@rac1 sqlldr]$ sqlldr n1/n1 control=sqlldr.ctl data=t.lst SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 27 08:09:25 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 但是没有任何的反馈。 查看自动生成的sqlldr.log 里面有如下的错误。 Column Name Position Len Term Encl Datatype ------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- --------------------- ID FIRST * , CHARACTER OBJECT_ID NEXT * , CHARACTER OBJECT_NAME NEXT * , CHARACTER OBJECT_TYPE NEXT * , CHARACTER Record 1: Rejected - Error on table TT, column OBJECT_TYPE. Field in data file exceeds maximum length Record 2: Rejected - Error on table TT, column OBJECT_TYPE. Field in data file exceeds maximum length Record 3: Rejected - Error on table TT, column OBJECT_TYPE. Field in data file exceeds maximum length Record 4: Rejected - Error on table TT, column OBJECT_TYPE. Field in data file exceeds maximum length

尝试了好一会儿，最终发现时set linesize的时候长度设置的比较大，在根据逗号','来解析的时候，最后一个字段的长度就包含了剩余的空格，最终加载的时候就会发现它的长度太大了。已经超出了表定义的长度。 这种情况，我总不能一个一个指定长度吧。 这时候想到trimspool的功能，尝试果然奏效。 spooldata.sh的脚本内容如下： sqlplus -s $1 <<EOF set pages 0 col object_name format a30 set linesize 10000 set trimspool on set feedback off set colsep ',' spool $2.lst select *from $2 where rownum<20 ; spool off; EOF 再次尝试导入，就没有问题了。 [ora11g@rac1 sqlldr]$ sqlldr n1/n1 control=sqlldr.ctl data=t.lst SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 27 08:14:44 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Commit point reached - logical record count 19 到此为止，来开始看看direct方式到底有多大的性能提升 对于将近80万的数据量测试情况如下。 没有采用direct方式的时候，会有一定的频度（默认50条一次)来加载数据，耗时79秒，基本一秒一万条 Commit point reached - logical record count 793480 Commit point reached - logical record count 793544 Commit point reached - logical record count 793608 Commit point reached - logical record count 793672 Commit point reached - logical record count 793736 Commit point reached - logical record count 793800 Commit point reached - logical record count 793864 Commit point reached - logical record count 793928 Commit point reached - logical record count 793992 Commit point reached - logical record count 794056 Commit point reached - logical record count 794120 Commit point reached - logical record count 794184 Commit point reached - logical record count 794248 Commit point reached - logical record count 794312 Commit point reached - logical record count 794369 但是使用了direct=true的时候，速度明显提升，而且输出也很简单，就下面一行。耗时8秒，基本一秒10万条数据。 8s [ora11g@rac1 sqlldr]$ sqlldr n1/n1 direct=true control=sqlldr.ctl data=t.lst SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 27 07:56:31 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Load completed - logical record count 794369.