一篇全是代码的数据可视化案例

数据小磨坊

发布于 2018-04-11 15:50:31

8170

发布于 2018-04-11 15:50:31

实在没时间写文字步骤了，算了，就甩一篇代码给大家吧，这篇代码包含五张图，分别可以呈现放射状线路图、迁徙路径图、闭环路径图、菱形气泡图、方形气泡图。

library("plyr") library("dplyr") library("ggplot2") library("ggmap") library("maptools") library("maps") library("REmap") library("Cairo") library("baidumap") library(showtext) ################中国地图###################### china_map<-readShapePoly("c:/rstudy/bou2_4p.shp") x1 <- china_map@data xs1 <- data.frame(x1,id=seq(0:924)-1) china_map1 <- fortify(china_map) china_map_data <- join(china_map1, xs1, type = "full") mydata1 <- read.csv("c:/rstudy/geshengzhibiao.csv") china_data <- join(china_map_data, mydata1, type="full") ####################放射路径气泡图##################### city_list<-c("西安","西宁","郑州","重庆","成都","石家庄","兰州","济南","大同","咸阳","包头") #address<-get_geo_position(city_list) address<-getCoordinate(city_list, formatted = T) address<-data.frame(address,city=row.names(address),stringsAsFactors = FALSE) del<-getCoordinate("长沙", formatted = T) del<-as.character(del) lonx<-as.numeric(rep(del[1],11)) laty<-as.numeric(rep(del[2],11)) address<-data.frame(address,lonx,laty) address$lonx<-as.numeric(address$lonx) address$laty<-as.numeric(address$laty) names(address)[1:2]<-c("lon","lat") address$Num<-round(runif(11,50,100),2) #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- font.add("myfont", "msyhl.ttc") CairoPNG(file="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/航线图1.png",width=1000,height=670) showtext.begin() ggplot()+ geom_polygon(data=china_data,aes(x=long,y=lat,group=group),fill="white",size=0.2,colour="#D9D9D9")+ geom_segment(data=address,aes(x=lon,y=lat,xend=lonx,yend=laty),size=0.3,colour="#FF6833")+ geom_point(data=address,aes(x=lon,y=lat,size=Num),shape=21,fill="#ED7D31",col="#E02939",alpha=.6)+ geom_point(data=NULL,aes(x=112.97935,y=28.21347),shape=21,size=8,fill=NA,col="steelblue")+ guides(fill=FALSE)+ coord_map("polyconic")+ scale_size_area(max_size=8)+ theme( plot.background=element_rect(fill="#D0DEDE", color=NA), panel.spacing = unit(0,"lines"), plot.margin=unit(rep(0.2,4),"cm"), panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), axis.text = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(), axis.title = element_blank(), #legend.position=c(0.8,0.3), legend.position="none" ) showtext.end() dev.off()

#######################迁徙路径气泡图##################################

city_list<-c("海口","广州","长沙","武汉","郑州","石家庄","北京","沈阳","长春","哈尔滨") addA<-getCoordinate(city_list, formatted = T) addA<-data.frame(addA,city=row.names(addA),stringsAsFactors = FALSE) data1<-addA[-1,] names(data1)[1:2]<-c("lonx","latx") data2<-addA[-length(row.names(addA)),] names(data2)[1:2]<-c("lony","laty") addB<-cbind(data2,data1)[,-3] addA$Num<-round(runif(10,50,100),2) names(addA)[1:2]<-c("lon","lat")
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
font.add("myfont", "msyhl.ttc")
CairoPNG(file="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/航线图2.png",width=1000,height=670)
showtext.begin()
ggplot()+
geom_polygon(data=china_data,aes(x=long,y=lat,group=group),fill="white",size=0.2,colour="#D9D9D9")+
geom_segment(data=addB,aes(x=lonx,y=latx,xend=lony,yend=laty),size=0.3,colour="#FF6833")+
geom_point(data=addA,aes(x=lon,y=lat,size=Num),shape=21,fill="#ED7D31",col="#E02939",alpha=.6)+
guides(fill=FALSE)+
coord_map("polyconic")+
scale_size_area(max_size=8)+
theme(
plot.background=element_rect(fill="#D0DEDE", color=NA),
panel.spacing = unit(0,"lines"),
plot.margin=unit(rep(0.2,4),"cm"),
panel.grid = element_blank(),
panel.background = element_blank(),
axis.text = element_blank(),
axis.ticks = element_blank(),
axis.title = element_blank(),
#legend.position=c(0.8,0.3),
legend.position="none"
)
showtext.end()
dev.off()

########################闭环路径气泡图################################

city_list3<-c("兰州","成都","重庆","贵阳","昆明","南宁","海口","广州","福州","上海","青岛","石家庄","呼和浩特","银川") addC<-getCoordinate(city_list3, formatted = T) addC<-data.frame(addC,city=row.names(addC),stringsAsFactors = FALSE) names(addC)[1:2]<-c("lon","lat") datac1<-addC[2:14,] datac2<-addC[1,] addCC<-rbind(datac1,datac2) adddata<-cbind(addC,addCC) names(adddata)<-c("lonx","latx","city","lony","laty","city") adddata<-adddata[,-3] addC$Num<-round(runif(14,50,100),2)

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CairoPNG(file="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/航线图3.png",width=1000,height=670) showtext.begin() ggplot()+ geom_polygon(data=china_data,aes(x=long,y=lat,group=group),fill="white",size=0.2,colour="#D9D9D9")+ geom_segment(data=adddata,aes(x=lonx,y=latx,xend=lony,yend=laty),size=0.3,colour="#FF6833")+ geom_point(data=addC,aes(x=lon,y=lat,size=Num),shape=21,fill="#ED7D31",col="#E02939",alpha=.6)+ guides(fill=FALSE)+ coord_map("polyconic")+ scale_size_area(max_size=8)+ theme( plot.background=element_rect(fill="#D0DEDE", color=NA), panel.spacing = unit(0,"lines"), plot.margin=unit(rep(0.2,4),"cm"), panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), axis.text = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(), axis.title = element_blank(), #legend.position=c(0.8,0.3), legend.position="none" ) showtext.end() dev.off()

#-------------------------------------------方形气泡图---------------------------------------------------

CairoPNG(file="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/航线图4.png",width=1000,height=670) showtext.begin() ggplot()+ geom_polygon(data=china_data,aes(x=long,y=lat,group=group),fill="white",size=0.2,colour="#D9D9D9")+ geom_point(data=address,aes(x=lon,y=lat,size=Num,fill=Num),shape=22,col="#E02939",alpha=.6)+ guides(fill=FALSE)+ scale_fill_gradient2(low="#8E0F2E", mid="#BFBEBE", high="#0E4E75", midpoint=median(na.omit(address$Num)))+ coord_map("polyconic")+ scale_size_area(max_size=8)+ theme( plot.background=element_rect(fill="#D0DEDE", color=NA), panel.spacing = unit(0,"lines"), plot.margin=unit(rep(0.2,4),"cm"), panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), axis.text = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(), axis.title = element_blank(), #legend.position=c(0.8,0.3), legend.position="none" ) showtext.end() dev.off()

#-----------------------------------------------菱形气泡图-----------------------------------------------------

CairoPNG(file="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/航线图5.png",width=1000,height=670) showtext.begin() ggplot()+ geom_polygon(data=china_data,aes(x=long,y=lat,group=group),fill="white",size=0.2,colour="#D9D9D9")+ geom_point(data=address,aes(x=lon,y=lat,size=Num,fill=Num),shape=23,col="#E02939",alpha=.6)+ guides(fill=FALSE)+ scale_fill_gradient2(low="#8E0F2E", mid="#BFBEBE", high="#0E4E75", midpoint=median(na.omit(address$Num)))+ coord_map("polyconic")+ scale_size_area(max_size=8)+ theme( plot.background=element_rect(fill="#D0DEDE", color=NA), panel.spacing = unit(0,"lines"), plot.margin=unit(rep(0.2,4),"cm"), panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), axis.text = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(), axis.title = element_blank(), #legend.position=c(0.8,0.3), legend.position="none" ) showtext.end()
dev.off()