简书:http://www.jianshu.com/p/dda2e4cd3d4e CSDN:http://blog.csdn.net/xiangyong_1521/article/details/78616374
Intent的中文意思是“意图,意向”,在Android中提供了Intent机制来协助应用间的交互与通讯,也是连接四大组件的枢纽,Intent负责对应用中一次操作的动 作、动作涉及数据、附加数据进行描述,Android则根据此Intent的描述,负责找到对应的组件,将 Intent传递给调用的组件,并完成组件的调用。Intent不仅可用于应用程序之间,也可用于应用程序内部的Activity/Service之间的 交互。因此,可以将Intent理解为不同组件之间通信的“媒介”专门提供组件互相调用的相关信息。
intent启动组件的方法:
组件名称 | 方法 |
---|---|
Activity | startActivity( ) |
Services | startService( ) ,bindService( ) |
广播 | sendBroadcasts( ),sendOrderedBroadcasts( ),sendStickyBroadcasts( ) |
Intent的几个重要属性: 动作(Action),数据(Data),分类(Category),类型(Type),组件(Compent)以及扩展信(Extra)。其中最常用的是Action属性和Data属性。
//显式意图打开Activity
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,OtherActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("Evan");
intent.setData(Uri.parse("Evan:"));
intent.addCategory("Evan");
startActivity(intent);
需要在清单配置文件中添加:
<activity
android:name="com.example.otheractivity.OtherActivity"
>
<intent-filter >
<!--必须配置-->
<action android:name="Evan" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<!--可以不配置-->
<category android:name="Evan" />
<!-- 必须配置-->
<data android:scheme="Evan"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
/**
* 打开指定网页
* @param view
*/
public void invokeWebBrowser(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com"));
startActivity(intent);
}
/**
* 进行关键字搜索
* @param view
*/
public void invokeWebSearch(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, "android"); //关键字
startActivity(intent);
}
public void call(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:12345678"));
startActivity(intent);
}
Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:10086");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "Hello");
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "Hello");
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
intent.setType("image/png");
startActivity(intent);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:someone@domain.com");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "someone@domain.com");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Hello");
intent.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String[] tos = {"1@abc.com", "2@abc.com"}; // 收件人
String[] ccs = {"3@abc.com", "4@abc.com"}; // 抄送
String[] bccs = {"5@abc.com", "6@abc.com"}; // 密送
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_BCC, bccs);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Hello");
intent.setType("message/rfc822");
startActivity(intent);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:39.9,116.3");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=39.9 116.3&daddr=31.2 121.4");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/foo.mp3");
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
startActivity(intent);
Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
// 打开拍照程序
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
...
// 取出照片数据
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) extras.get("data");
/**
* 发送数据
* @param view
*/
intent.putExtra("boolean", false);
intent.putExtra("int", 5);
intent.putExtra("string", "Name");
startActivity(intent);
Intent intent = getIntent();
int i = intent.getIntExtra("int", 0);
String s = intent.getStringExtra("string");
Boolean b = intent.getBooleanExtra("boolean", false);
textView.setText("接收到的数据 i: "+i+" ,s:"+ s +" ,b:"+b);
intent.putExtra("result", false);
setResult(MainActivity.requestCode1, intent);
public static int requestCode1;
@Override\
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == requestCode1) {
TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
if (data.getBooleanExtra("result", false)) {
textView.setText("接收到返回值为:true");
}else{
textView.setText("接收到返回值为:false");
}
}
}