06-搭建master集群
部署高可用 kubernetes master 集群
kubernetes master 节点包含的组件：
- kube-apiserver
- kube-scheduler
- kube-controller-manager
目前这三个组件需要部署在同一台机器上。
kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager和kube-apiserver三者的功能紧密相关；- 同时只能有一个
kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager进程处于工作状态，如果运行多个，则需要通过选举产生一个 leader；
本文档现只记录部署一个 master 节点集群步骤。（后续创建一个有三个master节点的高可用集群，使用 load balancer 来代理访问 kube-apiserver 的请求，敬请期待~）
TLS 证书文件
pem和token.csv证书文件我们在之前的步骤中已经创建过了，我们再检查一下。
# ls /etc/kubernetes/ssl
admin-key.pem admin.pem ca-key.pem ca.pem kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem
# ll /etc/kubernetes/token.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84 Jul 19 13:29 /etc/kubernetes/token.csv下载最新版本的二进制文件
有两种下载方式
方式一
从 github release 页面 下载发布版 tarball，解压后再执行下载脚本
$ wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.6.0/kubernetes.tar.gz
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes.tar.gz
...
$ cd kubernetes
$ ./cluster/get-kube-binaries.sh
...方式二
从 CHANGELOG页面 下载 client 或 server tarball 文件
# # wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
...将二进制文件拷贝到指定路径
# cp -r server/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet} /usr/bin/配置和启动 kube-apiserver
创建 kube-apiserver的service配置文件
serivce配置文件/etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service内容：
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Service
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
After=etcd.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS \
$KUBE_API_ADDRESS \
$KUBE_API_PORT \
$KUBELET_PORT \
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
$KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES \
$KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL \
$KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target/etc/kubernetes/config文件的内容为：
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
# kube-apiserver.service
# kube-controller-manager.service
# kube-scheduler.service
# kubelet.service
# kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true"
# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
#KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://sz-pg-oam-docker-test-001.tendcloud.com:8080"
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.1.121:8080"该配置文件同时被kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy使用。
apiserver配置文件/etc/kubernetes/apiserver内容为：
###
## kubernetes system config
##
## The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
##
#
## The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=192.168.1.121 --bind-address=192.168.1.121 --insecure-bind-address=192.168.1.121"
#
## The port on the local server to listen on.
#KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
#
## Port minions listen on
#KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
#
## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.121:2379,192.168.1.122:2379,192.168.1.123:2379"
#
## Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
#
## default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=ServiceAccount,NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota"
#
## Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS="--authorization-mode=RBAC --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 --kubelet-https=true --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --enable-swagger-ui=true --allow-privileged=true --apiserver-count=3 --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log --event-ttl=1h"--authorization-mode=RBAC指定在安全端口使用 RBAC 授权模式，拒绝未通过授权的请求；- kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 一般和 kube-apiserver 部署在同一台机器上，它们使用非安全端口和 kube-apiserver通信;
- kubelet、kube-proxy、kubectl 部署在其它 Node 节点上，如果通过安全端口访问 kube-apiserver，则必须先通过 TLS 证书认证，再通过 RBAC 授权；
- kube-proxy、kubectl 通过在使用的证书里指定相关的 User、Group 来达到通过 RBAC 授权的目的；
- 如果使用了 kubelet TLS Boostrap 机制，则不能再指定
--kubelet-certificate-authority、--kubelet-client-certificate和--kubelet-client-key选项，否则后续 kube-apiserver 校验 kubelet 证书时出现 ”x509: certificate signed by unknown authority“ 错误； --admission-control值必须包含ServiceAccount；--bind-address不能为127.0.0.1；runtime-config配置为rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1，表示运行时的apiVersion；--service-cluster-ip-range指定 Service Cluster IP 地址段，该地址段不能路由可达；- 缺省情况下 kubernetes 对象保存在 etcd
/registry路径下，可以通过--etcd-prefix参数进行调整；
完整 unit 见 kube-apiserver.service
启动kube-apiserver
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
# systemctl start kube-apiserver
# systemctl status kube-apiserver配置和启动 kube-controller-manager
创建 kube-controller-manager的serivce配置文件
文件路径/etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target配置文件/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager。
###
# The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager
# defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=127.0.0.1 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --leader-elect=true"--service-cluster-ip-range参数指定 Cluster 中 Service 的CIDR范围，该网络在各 Node 间必须路由不可达，必须和 kube-apiserver 中的参数一致；--cluster-signing-*指定的证书和私钥文件用来签名为 TLS BootStrap 创建的证书和私钥；--root-ca-file用来对 kube-apiserver 证书进行校验，指定该参数后，才会在Pod 容器的 ServiceAccount 中放置该 CA 证书文件；--address值必须为127.0.0.1，因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器，否则会报： $ kubectl get componentstatuses NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Unhealthy Get http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: getsockopt: connection refused controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-2 Unhealthy Get http://172.20.0.113:2379/health: malformed HTTP response "\x15\x03\x01\x00\x02\x02" etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"} 参考：https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube/issues/64
完整 unit 见 kube-controller-manager.service
启动 kube-controller-manager
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
# systemctl start kube-controller-manager配置和启动 kube-scheduler
创建 kube-scheduler的serivce配置文件
文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.serivce。
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target配置文件/etc/kubernetes/scheduler。
###
# kubernetes scheduler config
# default config should be adequate
# Add your own!
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--leader-elect=true --address=127.0.0.1"--address值必须为127.0.0.1，因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器；
完整 unit 见 kube-scheduler.service
启动 kube-scheduler
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
# systemctl start kube-scheduler验证 master 节点功能
# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'. - 可以使用浏览器访问192.168.1.121:8080查看是否正常
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原始发表：2018-03-20 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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