前往小程序,Get更优阅读体验!
立即前往
首页
学习
活动
专区
工具
TVP
发布
社区首页 >专栏 >SpringBoot与Web开发

SpringBoot与Web开发

作者头像
用户1112962
发布2018-07-04 14:16:00
8160
发布2018-07-04 14:16:00
举报

web开发 1)、创建SpringBoot应用,选中我们需要的模块; 2)、SpringBoot已经默认将这些场景已经配置好了,只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以运行起来 3)、自己编写业务代码;

自动配置原理? 这个场景SpringBoot帮我们配置了扫码?能不能修改?能不能改哪些配置?能不能扩展?xxx xxxAutoConfiguration:帮我们给容器中自动配置组件; xxxProperties:配置类来 封装配置文件的内容;

2、SpringBoot对静态资源的 映射规则

代码语言:javascript
复制
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.resources",ignoreUnknownFields=false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware{

//可以设置和静态资源又关的的 参数,缓存时间

代码语言:javascript
复制
 1 public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
 2     if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
 3         logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
 4     } else {
 5         Duration cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getPeriod();
 6         CacheControl cacheControl = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getCachecontrol().toHttpCacheControl();
 7         if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
 8             this.customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler(new String[]{"/webjars/**"}).addResourceLocations(new String[]{"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/"}).setCachePeriod(this.getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl));
 9         }
10 
11         String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
12         if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
13             this.customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler(new String[]{staticPathPattern}).addResourceLocations(getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())).setCachePeriod(this.getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl));
14         }
15 
16     }
17 }

//配置欢迎页的映射

代码语言:javascript
复制
 1 @Bean
 2 public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
 3     return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(new TemplateAvailabilityProviders(applicationContext), applicationContext, this.getWelcomePage(), this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
 4 }
 5 
 6 @Configuration
 7 @ConditionalOnProperty(
 8     value = {"spring.mvc.favicon.enabled"},
 9     matchIfMissing = true
10 )
11 public static class FaviconConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware {
12     private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
13     private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
14 
15     public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
16         this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
17     }
18 
19     public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
20         this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
21     }
22 
23     @Bean
24     public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
25         SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
26         mapping.setOrder(-2147483647);
27 //所有 **/favicon.ico
28         mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico", this.faviconRequestHandler()));
29         return mapping;
30     }
31 
32     @Bean
33     public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
34         ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
35         requestHandler.setLocations(this.resolveFaviconLocations());
36         return requestHandler;
37     }

//配置喜欢的图标

代码语言:javascript
复制
    private List<Resource> resolveFaviconLocations() {
        String[] staticLocations = WebMvcAutoConfiguration.WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations());
        List<Resource> locations = new ArrayList(staticLocations.length + 1);
        Stream var10000 = Arrays.stream(staticLocations);
        ResourceLoader var10001 = this.resourceLoader;
        this.resourceLoader.getClass();
        var10000.map(var10001::getResource).forEach(locations::add);
        locations.add(new ClassPathResource("/"));
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(locations);
    }
}

1)、所有/webjars/**,都去classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源; webjars:以jar包的 方式引入静态资源; 参考:http://www.webjars.org/ http://localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1-1/jquery.js

代码语言:javascript
复制
<!--引入jquery-webjar--> 在访问的时候只需要写webjars下面资源的名称即可
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
   <artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
   <version>3.3.1-1</version>
</dependency>

2)、"/**"访问当前项目的任何资源,(静态资源的文件夹)

"classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" "/":当前项目的根路径; localhsot:8080/abc====去静态资源文件夹里面去找abc 3)、欢迎页;静态资源文件夹下面的所有index.html文件;被"/**"映射; localhost:8080/ 找index页面 4)、所有的**/favicon.ico都是在静态资源文件下找; 3、模版引擎 JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf; SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf; 语法更简单,功能更强大; 1、引入thymeleaf;

代码语言:javascript
复制
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

切换thymeleaf版本

代码语言:javascript
复制
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
<!--布局功能的支持程序 thymeleaf3主程序  layout2以上版本-->
<!--thymeleaf2  layout1-->
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
</properties>

2、Thymeleaf使用方法 只要我们把html页面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自动渲染; 使用: 1、导入thymleaf的名称空间;

代码语言:javascript
复制
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

2、使用thymeleaf的语法;

代码语言:javascript
复制
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>成功!</h1>
    <!--th:text将div里面的文本内容设置为-->
    <div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>

3、语法规则 1)、th:text;改变当前元素里面的文本内容; th:任意html属性;来替换原生属性的值; 参考官方文档:https://www.thymeleaf.org/documentation.html pdf 2)、表达式? 4 Standard Expression Syntax We will take a small break in the development of our grocery virtual store to learn about one of the most important parts of the Thymeleaf Standard Dialect: the Thymeleaf Standard Expression syntax. We have already seen two types of valid attribute values expressed in this syntax: message and variable expressions: <p th:utext="#{home.welcome}">Welcome to our grocery store!</p> <p>Today is: <span th:text="${today}">13 february 2011</span></p> But there are more types of expressions, and more interesting details to learn about the ones we already know. First, let’s see a quick summary of the Standard Expression features: Simple expressions:(表达式语法) Variable Expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL; 1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法; 2)、使用内置的基本对象; #ctx : the context object. #vars: the context variables. #locale : the context locale. #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.

${param.foo} 3)、内置的一些工具对象 #execInfo : information about the template being processed. #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax. #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any). #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc. #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects. #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects. #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc. #objects : methods for objects in general. #bools : methods for boolean evaluation. #arrays : methods for arrays. #lists : methods for lists. #sets : methods for sets. #maps : methods for maps. #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections. #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).

Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:选择表达式;和${}在功能上是一样的; 补充:配合 th:object="${session.user}" <div th:object="${session.user}"> <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> </div>

Message Expressions: #{...}获取国际化内容的; Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定义URL; @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')} Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表达式; <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>

Literals(字面量) Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,… Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,… Boolean literals: true , false Null literal: null Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,… Text operations:(文本操作) String concatenation: + Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}| Arithmetic operations:(数学运算) Binary operators: + , - , * , / , % Minus sign (unary operator): - Boolean operations:(布尔运算) Binary operators: and , or Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not Comparisons and equality:(比较运算) Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le ) Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne ) Conditional operators:条件运算(三元运算符) If-then: (if) ? (then) If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else) Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue) Special tokens: No-Operation: _

4、SpringMVC自动配置 Spring Boot 自动配置好了SpringMVC 以下是SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置: Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver and BeanNameViewResolver beans. 自动配置了 ViewResolver(视图解析器:根据方法的返回值得到 视图对象(View),视图对象决定如何渲染(转发?重定向?)) ContentNegotiatingViewResolver 组合所有的视图解析器; 如何定制:我们可以自己给容器中添加一个 视图解析器;自动的将其组合进来; Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).静态资源文件夹路径,webjars Static index.html support.静态首页访问; Custom Favicon support (see below).ffavicon.ico; 自动注册了 of Converter, GenericConverter, Formatter beans. Convert:转换器,public String hello(User user):类型转换使用Convert Formatter:格式化器;2017-12-17===Date; 自己添加的格式化器转换器,我们只需要放在容器中即可; Support for HttpMessageConverters (see below) HttpMessageConverters :SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的;User--json; HttpMessageConverters 是从容器中确定的;获取所有的 HttpMessageConverters ; 只需要自己将自己的组件注册在容器中;(@Bean、@component) Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver (see below).定义错误代码生成 规则; Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer bean (see below).我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer 来替换默认的;(添加到容器) 1、初始化WebDataBinder; 2、请求数据====JavaBean; org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自动场景; If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components. If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc. 2、扩展SpringMVC 既保留了所有的 自动配置,也能用我们扩展的配置;

代码语言:javascript
复制
<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
        <bean></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

编写一个 配置类(@Configuration)是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;不能标注@EnableWebMvc

代码语言:javascript
复制
/**
 * Created by windMan on 2018/5/28
 */
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC功能
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
//        super.addViewControllers(registry);
            //浏览器发送portalkjt请求到success
            registry.addViewController("/portalkjt").setViewName("success");
    }
}

原理: 1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration 是SpringMvc的配置类; 2)、在做其他自动配置时会导入;@Import({WebMvcAutoConfiguration.EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class})

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Configuration
public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {

private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();

//从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
@Autowired(required = false)
public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
   if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
      this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
//一个参考实现;将所有的WebMvcConfigurater相关配置都来一起调用;
@Override
//public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
//   for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
//      delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
//   }
//}
   }
}

3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurater都会一起起作用; 4)、我们的配置类也会被调用; 效果:SpringMVC的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用; 3、全面接管SpringMVC; SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要了,所有都是我们自己配置;所有的SpringMVC的自动配置都失效了; 我们需要在 配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;

代码语言:javascript
复制
/**
 * Created by windMan on 2018/5/28
 */
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC功能

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
//        super.addViewControllers(registry);
            //浏览器发送portalkjt请求到success
            registry.addViewController("/portalkjt").setViewName("success");
    }
}

原理: 为什么添加@EnableWebMvc自动配置就失效了; 1)、@EnableWebMvc的核心

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {

2)、

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

3)、

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
    type = Type.SERVLET
)
@ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class})
//容器中没有这个组件的时候,这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638)
@AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class})
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {

4)、@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来;

5)、导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能; 5、如何修改SpringBoot的默认配置 1)、SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候,先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)如果 有就 用用户配置的,如果没有,才自动配置;如果有些组件可以有多个(ViewResolver)将用户配置的 和自己默认的组合起来; 2)、在SpringBoot中,会有非常多的xxConfigurater帮助我们进行扩展配置;

6、RestfulCRUD 1)、默认访问首页; 2)、国际化 1)、编写国际化配置文件; 2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件 3)、在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容

步骤: 1)、编写国际化配置文件、抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息; 2)、SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件;

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public MessageSourceProperties messageSourceProperties() 
String basename = context.getEnvironment().getProperty("spring.messages.basename", "messages");//我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫message.properties;

@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
    MessageSourceProperties properties = this.messageSourceProperties();
    ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
    if (StringUtils.hasText(properties.getBasename())) {
//设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的) messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(properties.getBasename())));
    }

    if (properties.getEncoding() != null) {
        messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(properties.getEncoding().name());
    }

    messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(properties.isFallbackToSystemLocale());
    Duration cacheDuration = properties.getCacheDuration();
    if (cacheDuration != null) {
        messageSource.setCacheMillis(cacheDuration.toMillis());
    }

    messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(properties.isAlwaysUseMessageFormat());
    messageSource.setUseCodeAsDefaultMessage(properties.isUseCodeAsDefaultMessage());
    return messageSource;
}

3)、去页面获取国际化的值; file-encording 文件及编码,根据当前浏览器语言设置的信息,切换的国际化;

原理: 国际化Locale(区域信息对象):LocalResolver(获取区域信息对象);

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(
    prefix = "spring.mvc",
    name = {"locale"}
)
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
    if (this.mvcProperties.getLocaleResolver() == org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
        return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
    } else {
        AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
        localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
        return localeResolver;
    }
}

默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化; 4)、点击链接切换国际化;

代码语言:javascript
复制
/**
 * Created by windMan on 2018/5/28
 * 可以在链接上携带区域信息
 */
public class MyLocalResolver implements LocaleResolver {

    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String l = request.getParameter("l");
        Locale locale=Locale.getDefault();
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
            String[] split = l.split("_");
            locale= new Local(split[0],split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, @Nullable HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Locale locale) {

    }
}


@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
    return new MyLocalResolver();
}

3)、登录 开发期间模版引擎页面修改后,要实时生效; 1)、禁用模版引擎的缓存 #禁用缓存 spring.thymeleaf.cache=false 2)、页面修改完成后ctrl+f9:重新编辑; 登录错误消息的 显示;

3)、拦截器进行登录检查

代码语言:javascript
复制
 //注册拦截器
            @Override
            public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//                super.addInterceptors(registry);
                    //静态资源:*.css ,*.js
                    //SpringBoot已经 做好了静态资源的映射
                    registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
                            .excludePathPatterns("index.html","/","user/login");
            }

5)、CRUD-员工列表 实验要求: 1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格; URI:/资源名称/资源标识 HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作

2)、实验的请求架构;

3)、员工列表 thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取 1、抽取公共片段

代码语言:javascript
复制
<div th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

2、引入公共片段

代码语言:javascript
复制
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模版名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模版名::片段名

3、默认效果:

代码语言:javascript
复制
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上====[[]]:[~()]
三种引入公共片段的th属性;
th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入元素中;
th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段;
th:include:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中;
代码语言:javascript
复制
<footer th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
引入方式:
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>

效果:
<div>
<footer>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
</div>

<footer>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

<div>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

引入片段的时候传入参数:
<div th:replace="::frag (onevar=${value1},twovar=${value2})">
${#dates.format(date, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}


日期的格式化;SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型;
类型转换,格式化;
默认日期是按照/的方式;
本文参与 腾讯云自媒体分享计划,分享自作者个人站点/博客。
原始发表:2018-05-29 ,如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

本文分享自 作者个人站点/博客 前往查看

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

本文参与 腾讯云自媒体分享计划  ,欢迎热爱写作的你一起参与!

评论
登录后参与评论
0 条评论
热度
最新
推荐阅读
相关产品与服务
容器服务
腾讯云容器服务(Tencent Kubernetes Engine, TKE)基于原生 kubernetes 提供以容器为核心的、高度可扩展的高性能容器管理服务,覆盖 Serverless、边缘计算、分布式云等多种业务部署场景,业内首创单个集群兼容多种计算节点的容器资源管理模式。同时产品作为云原生 Finops 领先布道者,主导开源项目Crane,全面助力客户实现资源优化、成本控制。
领券
问题归档专栏文章快讯文章归档关键词归档开发者手册归档开发者手册 Section 归档