上次我们介绍了如何使用Spring Task进行完成定时任务的编写,这次我们使用Spring整合Quartz的方式来再一次实现定时任务的开发,以下奉上开发步骤及注意事项等。
1.开发环境
2.必不可少jar包依赖
1 <dependency>
2 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
3 <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
4 <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
5 </dependency>
6 <dependency>
7 <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
8 <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
9 <version>2.2.1</version>
10 </dependency>
三、开发步骤
【1】.基于特定基类
1. 编写任务类,该类需要继承自QuartzJobBean
1 package com.hafiz.www.cron;
2
3 import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
4 import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
7 import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
8
9 /**
10 * Desc:第二个基于Spring Quartz的定时任务
11 * Created by hafiz.zhang on 2016/12/11.
12 */
13 public class SecondCron extends QuartzJobBean {
14 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecondCron.class);
15 private Integer timeout;
16
17 //调度工厂实例化后,经过timeout时间开始执行调度
18 public void setTimeout(Integer timeout) {
19 this.timeout = timeout;
20 }
21
22 @Override
23 protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
24 logger.info("定时任务2进行中.......");
25 // do something else
26 }
27 }
2.在spring配置文件中配置作业类JobDetailFactoryBean、作业调度的触发方式(触发器)、调度工厂
1 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
2 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3 xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
5 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
6 http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd">
7
8 <bean name="secondCron" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
9 <property name="jobClass" value="com.hafiz.www.cron.SecondCron"/>
10 <property name="jobDataAsMap">
11 <map>
12 <entry key="timeout" value="0"/>
13 </map>
14 </property>
15 </bean>
16
17 <!--按照一定频率的触发器-->
18 <!--<bean id="simpleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
19 <property name="jobDetail" ref="secondCron"/>
20 <property name="startDelay" value="0"/>
21 <property name="repeatInterval" value="2000"/>
22 </bean>-->
23
24 <!--Cron表达式触发器-->
25 <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
26 <property name="jobDetail" ref="secondCron"/>
27 <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?"/>
28 </bean>
29
30 <!--配置调度工厂-->
31 <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
32 <property name="triggers">
33 <list>
34 <!--<ref bean="simpleTrigger"/>-->
35 <ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
36 </list>
37 </property>
38 </bean>
39 </beans>
注意:
1).org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean有两个属性.
jobClass属性即我们在java代码中定义的任务类.
jobDataAsMap属性即该任务类中需要注入的属性值.
2).Quartz的作业触发器有两种(两种任选其一就行)
org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean:只支持按照一定频度调用任务,如每隔30分钟运行一次.
org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean:支持到指定时间运行一次,如每天12:00运行一次等.
关于第二种触发器的Cron表达式,请参见另一篇博客:摆脱Spring 定时任务的@Scheduled cron表达式的困扰
3).org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean的参数triggers指定的就是之前配置的触发器的名字.
3.运行结果
【2】.不基于特定的基类
1.编写任务调度类
package com.hafiz.www.cron;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* Desc:基于Spring整合Quartz进行完成定时任务
* Created by hafiz.zhang on 2016/12/11.
*/
public class ThirdCron {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ThirdCron.class);
public void executeJob() {
logger.info("定时任务3进行中.......");
// do something else
}
}
2.在spring配置文件中配置作业类MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean、作业调度的触发方式(触发器)、调度工厂
1 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
2 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
4 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">
5
6 <bean name="thirdCron" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
7 <property name="targetObject">
8 <bean class="com.hafiz.www.cron.ThirdCron"/>
9 </property>
10 <property name="targetMethod" value="executeJob"/>
11 <!--作业不并发调度-->
12 <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
13 </bean>
14
15 <!--按照一定频率的触发器-->
16 <!--<bean id="simpleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
17 <property name="jobDetail" ref="thirdCron"/>
18 <property name="startDelay" value="0"/>
19 <property name="repeatInterval" value="2000"/>
20 </bean>-->
21
22 <!--Cron表达式触发器-->
23 <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
24 <property name="jobDetail" ref="thirdCron"/>
25 <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?"/>
26 </bean>
27
28 <!--配置调度工厂-->
29 <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
30 <property name="triggers">
31 <list>
32 <!--<ref bean="simpleTrigger"/>-->
33 <ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
34 </list>
35 </property>
36 </bean>
37 </beans>
注意:MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean,有两个关键属性:
targetObject指定任务类.
targetMethod指定运行的方法.
3.运行结果
Quartz属于重量级的定时任务框架,我们一般都会选择轻量级的如Spring Task定时任务进行开发,但是遇到比较棘手的,这也是一种解决问题的方式。