Python爬虫框架Scrapy实战 - 抓取BOSS直聘招聘信息

class WwwZhipinComItem(scrapy.Item):
 # define the fields for your item here like:
 # name = scrapy.Field()
    pid = scrapy.Field()
    positionName = scrapy.Field()
    positionLables = scrapy.Field()
    workYear = scrapy.Field()
    salary = scrapy.Field()
    city = scrapy.Field()
    education = scrapy.Field()
    companyShortName = scrapy.Field()
    industryField = scrapy.Field()
    financeStage = scrapy.Field()
    companySize = scrapy.Field()
    time = scrapy.Field()
    updated_at = scrapy.Field()

在 spiders 目录下新建 zhipin_spider.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import time
from www_zhipin_com.items import WwwZhipinComItem
class ZhipinSpider(scrapy.Spider):
 # spider的名字定义了Scrapy如何定位(并初始化)spider，所以其必须是唯一的。 不过您可以生成多个相同的spider实例(instance)，这没有任何限制。 name是spider最重要的属性，而且是必须的
    name = 'zhipin'
 # 可选。包含了spider允许爬取的域名(domain)列表(list)。 当 OffsiteMiddleware 启用时， 域名不在列表中的URL不会被跟进。
    allowed_domains = ['www.zhipin.com']
 # URL列表。当没有制定特定的URL时，spider将从该列表中开始进行爬取。
 # 这里我们进行了指定，所以不是从这个 URL 列表里爬取
    start_urls = ['http://www.zhipin.com/'] 
 # 要爬取的页面，可以改为自己需要搜的条件，这里搜的是 上海-PHP，其他条件都是不限
    positionUrl = 'http://www.zhipin.com/c101020100/h_101020100/?query=php'
    curPage = 1
 # 发送 header，伪装为浏览器
    headers = {
 'x-devtools-emulate-network-conditions-client-id': "5f2fc4da-c727-43c0-aad4-37fce8e3ff39",
 'upgrade-insecure-requests': "1",
 'user-agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.90 Safari/537.36",
 'accept': "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8",
 'dnt': "1",
 'accept-encoding': "gzip, deflate",
 'accept-language': "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6",
 'cookie': "__c=1501326829; lastCity=101020100; __g=-; __l=r=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.hk%2F&l=%2F; __a=38940428.1501326829..1501326829.20.1.20.20; Hm_lvt_194df3105ad7148dcf2b98a91b5e727a=1501326839; Hm_lpvt_194df3105ad7148dcf2b98a91b5e727a=1502948718; __c=1501326829; lastCity=101020100; __g=-; Hm_lvt_194df3105ad7148dcf2b98a91b5e727a=1501326839; Hm_lpvt_194df3105ad7148dcf2b98a91b5e727a=1502954829; __l=r=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.hk%2F&l=%2F; __a=38940428.1501326829..1501326829.21.1.21.21",
 'cache-control': "no-cache",
 'postman-token': "76554687-c4df-0c17-7cc0-5bf3845c9831"
    }
    //该方法必须返回一个可迭代对象(iterable)。该对象包含了spider用于爬取的第一个Request。
    //该方法仅仅会被Scrapy调用一次，因此您可以将其实现为生成器。
 def start_requests(self):
 return [self.next_request()]
    //负责处理response并返回处理的数据以及(/或)跟进的URL。
 def parse(self, response):
        print("request -> " + response.url)
        job_list = response.css('div.job-list > ul > li')
 for job in job_list:
            item = WwwZhipinComItem()
            job_primary = job.css('div.job-primary')
            item['pid'] = job.css(
 'div.info-primary > h3 > a::attr(data-jobid)').extract_first().strip()
            item["positionName"] = job_primary.css(
 'div.info-primary > h3 > a::text').extract_first().strip()
            item["salary"] = job_primary.css(
 'div.info-primary > h3 > a > span::text').extract_first().strip()
            info_primary = job_primary.css(
 'div.info-primary > p::text').extract()
            item['city'] = info_primary[0].strip()
            item['workYear'] = info_primary[1].strip()
            item['education'] = info_primary[2].strip()
            item['companyShortName'] = job_primary.css(
 'div.info-company > div.company-text > h3 > a::text'
            ).extract_first().strip()
            company_infos = job_primary.css(
 'div.info-company > div.company-text > p::text').extract()
 if len(company_infos) == 3: # 有一条招聘这里只有两项，所以加个判断
                item['industryField'] = company_infos[0].strip()
                item['financeStage'] = company_infos[1].strip()
                item['companySize'] = company_infos[2].strip()
            item['positionLables'] = job.css(
 'li > div.job-tags > span::text').extract()
            item['time'] = job.css('span.time::text').extract_first().strip()
            item['updated_at'] = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
 yield item
        self.curPage += 1
        time.sleep(5) # 停停停！听听听！都给我停下来听着！睡一会(～﹃～)~zZ
 yield self.next_request()
 # 发送请求
 def next_request(self):
 return scrapy.http.FormRequest(
            self.positionUrl + ("&page=%d&ka=page-%d" %
                                (self.curPage, self.curPage)),
            headers=self.headers,
            callback=self.parse)

运行脚本
scrapy crawl zhipin -o item.json

{
 "pid": "16115932",
 "positionName": "PHP后台开发工程师",
 "salary": "13K-20K",
 "city": "上海",
 "workYear": "1-3年",
 "education": "本科",
 "companyShortName": "蜻蜓FM",
 "industryField": "互联网",
 "financeStage": "D轮及以上",
 "companySize": "100-499人",
 "positionLables": [
 "PHP"
    ],
 "time": "发布于昨天",
 "updated_at": "2017-12-10 17:36:21"
  },