添加非oracle用户到dba, oinstall组

#查看当前的oracle用户id及其所属组
oracle@SZDB:~> id
uid=2000(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1002(dba)

#当前系统环境
oracle@SZDB:~> cat /etc/issue
Welcome to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP3 (x86_64) - Kernel \r (\l).

#添加新用户robin
oracle@SZDB:~> su - root
Password: 
SZDB:~ # useradd -g oinstall -G dba robin

#查看以添加用户的信息
SZDB:~ # cat /etc/passwd | grep robin
robin:x:2004:1000::/home/robin:/bin/bash

#/home/robin是用户robin的家目录，下面将其修改为/users/robin(此为个人喜欢，可以不用修改)
SZDB:~ # vi /etc/passwd  

#查看修改后的结果
SZDB:~ # cat /etc/passwd | grep robin
robin:x:2004:1000::/users/robin:/bin/bash

#因此下面创建对应的家目录，
SZDB:~ # mkdir /users/robin
SZDB:~ # chown -R robin:oinstall /users/robin   #修改家目录的属主，属组

#修改新用户的密码
SZDB:~ # passwd robin
Changing password for robin.
New Password: 
Bad password: too simple
Reenter New Password: 
Password changed.

#切换到新用户
SZDB:~ # su - robin

#查看新用户robin的相关信息
robin@SZDB:~> id
uid=2004(robin) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1002(dba)

#修改该新用户的环境变量
robin@SZDB:~> vi ~/.bash_profile   #可以将oracle用户的环境配置文件的内容复制过来

robin@SZDB:~> source ~/.bash_profile  #生效新的环境变量

robin@SZDB:~> sid
ORA_CRS_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10gR2/crs
ORACLE_PATH=.:/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/sql:/users/robin/dba_scripts/common/sql
ORA_ASM_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10gR2/asm
ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
ORACLE_BASE=/users/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/users/oracle/OraHome10g

robin@SZDB:~> sql

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Nov 22 17:31:50 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied   #提示许可拒绝

Enter user-name: goex_admin
Enter password: 
ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied

Enter user-name: 
robin@SZDB:~> ps -ef | grep pmon |grep SYBO2SZ
oracle    2350     1  0 Oct25 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_SYBO2SZ

robin@SZDB:~> export ORACLE_SID=SYBO2SZ
robin@SZDB:~> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Nov 22 17:34:52 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

idle> exit
Disconnected
robin@SZDB:~> oerr ora 27123
27123, 00000, "unable to attach to shared memory segment"
// *Cause: shmat() call failed
// *Action: check permissions on segment, contact Oracle support

#查看$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle的权限，此处为751
robin@SZDB:~> cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin 
robin@SZDB:/users/oracle/OraHome10g/bin> ls -hltr oracle
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle oinstall 99M 2011-05-13 14:26 oracle

#使用oracle 用户登录
robin@SZDB:~> su - oracle
Password:
oracle@SZDB:~> cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

#修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle下的权限
oracle@SZDB:~/OraHome10g/bin> chmod 6751 oracle  #这个地方是关键，修改这个权限以便其他用户能够从同一主机访问oracle 环境
oracle@SZDB:~/OraHome10g/bin> ls -hltr oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall 99M 2011-05-13 14:26 oracle

#Author : Robinson
#Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612

#修改数据库所在文件夹的权限以便新用户robin有权限操作该路径下的所有文件
oracle@SZDB:~/OraHome10g/bin> chmod -R 775 /u02/database 
oracle@SZDB:~/OraHome10g/bin> su - robin
Password: 

robin@SZDB:~> sql

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Nov 22 17:42:50 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Error accessing PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE
Warning:  Product user profile information not loaded!
You may need to run PUPBLD.SQL as SYSTEM

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

goex_admin@CNMMBO>