Django之中间件
django 中的中间件（middleware），在django中，中间件其实就是一个类，在请求到来和结束后，django会根据自己的规则在合适的时机执行中间件中相应的方法。
在django项目的settings模块中，有一个 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 变量，其中每一个元素就是一个中间件，如下图。
与mange.py在同一目录下的文件夹 wupeiqi/middleware下的auth.py文件中的Authentication类
中间件中可以定义四个方法，分别是：
- process_request(self,request)
- process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs)
- process_template_response(self,request,response)
- process_exception(self, request, exception)
- process_response(self, request, response)
以上方法的返回值可以是None和HttpResonse对象，如果是None，则继续按照django定义的规则向下执行，如果是HttpResonse对象，则直接将该对象返回给用户。
自定义中间件
1、settings.py
from django.middleware.common import CommonMiddleware2、views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
# Create your views here.
def test(request):
print("test===")
return HttpResponse("...666")3、新建md.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
# from django.middleware.common import CommonMiddleware
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
class M1(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self,request):
print("m1.process_request")
def process_view(self,request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs):
print("m1.process_view")
def process_response(self,request,response):
print("m1.process_request")
return response
class M2(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self,request):
print("m2.process_request")
def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
# print("m2.process_view")
response = callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
return response
def process_response(self,request,response):
print("m2.process_response")
return response3.1 views.py 抓取异常
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
# from django.middleware.common import CommonMiddleware
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
class M1(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self, request):
print("m1.process_request")
def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
print("m1.process_view")
def process_response(self, request, response):
print("m1.process_request")
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception):
print("m1.process_exception")
class M2(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self,request):
print("m2.process_request")
def process_view(self,request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs):
print("m2.process_view")
# response = callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
# return response
def process_response(self,request,response):
print("m2.process_response")
return response
def process_exception(self,request,exception):
print("m2.process_exception")
return HttpResponse('错拉...')3.1.1
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
class M1(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self,request):
print('m1.process_request')
def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
print('m1.process_view')
# response = callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
# return response
def process_response(self,request,response):
print('m1.process_response')
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception):
print('m1.process_exception')
def process_template_response(self,request,response):
"""
视图函数的返回值中，如果有render方法，才被调用
:param request:
:param response:
:return:
"""
print('m1.process_template_response')
return response
class M2(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self,request):
print('m2.process_request')
def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
print('m2.process_view')
def process_response(self,request,response):
print('m2.process_response')
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception):
print('m2.process_exception')
return HttpResponse('错误了...')本文参与 腾讯云自媒体同步曝光计划，分享自作者个人站点/博客。
原始发表：2017-09-06 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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