Centos6 安装python3 pip3 ipython3

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发布于 2019-06-26 13:57:38

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发布于 2019-06-26 13:57:38

文章被收录于专栏：Devops专栏Devops专栏

访问官网查看python 3.6.x 系列有什么安装包

因为是Centos6，前面安装3.7.x系列在SSL这块有些问题，考虑使用3.6.x系列看看。

访问官网下载地址：https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

安装系统依赖

[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel -y

下载python3.6.x的安装包

[root@centos6 opt]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tgz

安装过程

[root@centos6 opt]# tar -zxvf Python-3.6.8.tgz 
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# make && make install

设置环境

安装完毕之后，文件会在/usr/local/python3/bin/路径下。

[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# ls /usr/local/python3/bin/
2to3      easy_install-3.6  idle3.6  pip3.6  pydoc3.6  python3.6         python3.6m         python3-config  pyvenv-3.6
2to3-3.6  idle3             pip3     pydoc3  python3   python3.6-config  python3.6m-config  pyvenv
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# 
[root@centos6 bin]# ./python3.6
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
[root@centos6 bin]# 
[root@centos6 bin]# ./pip3 search redis
redis (3.2.1)                     - Python client for Redis key-value store
redis-completion (0.5.0)          - autocomplete with redis

设置软连接 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

设置之后，就可以全局使用了，如下：

[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6
[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
[root@centos6 bin]# 
[root@centos6 bin]# cd ~
[root@centos6 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  Documents  Downloads  gitbook  install.log  install.log.syslog  Music  netperf-2.6.0-2.gf.el6.x86_64.rpm  Pictures  Public  Templates  tmp  Videos
[root@centos6 ~]# python3.6
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit
Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
>>> exit()
[root@centos6 ~]# pip3 search redis
redis (3.2.1)                     - Python client for Redis key-value store
redis-completion (0.5.0)          - autocomplete with redis
kinto-redis (2.0.0)               - Kinto Redis

升级pip3到最新版本

pip3 install --upgrade pip

[root@centos6 ~]# pip3 install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d8/f3/413bab4ff08e1fc4828dfc59996d721917df8e8583ea85385d51125dceff/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 122kB/s 
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 18.1
    Uninstalling pip-18.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1
Successfully installed pip-19.0.3
[root@centos6 ~]#

安装ipython3

pip3 install ipython

安装完毕后，可以从/usr/local/python3/bin目录下找到ipython的二进制可执行文件。

[root@centos6 ~]# cd /usr/local/python3/bin
[root@centos6 bin]# ls
2to3      easy_install-3.6  idle3.6  iptest3  ipython3  pip3    pydoc3    pygmentize  python3.6         python3.6m         python3-config  pyvenv-3.6
2to3-3.6  idle3             iptest   ipython  pip       pip3.6  pydoc3.6  python3     python3.6-config  python3.6m-config  pyvenv
[root@centos6 bin]# ./ipython
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/history.py:226: UserWarning: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved
  warn("IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved")
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03) 
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In [1]:

配置ipython3的软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/ipython /usr/bin/ipython3

[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/ipython /usr/bin/ipython3
[root@centos6 bin]# 
[root@centos6 bin]# cd ~
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  Documents  Downloads  gitbook  install.log  install.log.syslog  Music  netperf-2.6.0-2.gf.el6.x86_64.rpm  Pictures  Public  Templates  tmp  Videos
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# ipython3
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/history.py:226: UserWarning: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved
  warn("IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved")
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03) 
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In [1]:

Centos6 对于python3的兼容性

经过了Centos6对于python 3.7.x 和 python 3.6.x 的安装对比，还是使用python 3.6.x的兼容性最好。

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