比 man 更强悍的命令行工具 cheat

for i in {1..10};do curl -o /dev/null -s   -w "$i | time_namelookup: %{time_namelookup} | time_connect: %{time_connect} | time_starttransfer: %{time_starttransfer} | time_total: %{time_total}\n" "http://httpbin.org/ip";done

1 | time_namelookup: 0.016000 | time_connect: 0.016000 | time_starttransfer: 0.125000 | time_total: 0.141000
2 | time_namelookup: 0.016000 | time_connect: 0.016000 | time_starttransfer: 0.094000 | time_total: 0.109000
3 | time_namelookup: 0.016000 | time_connect: 0.031000 | time_starttransfer: 0.109000 | time_total: 0.109000
4 | time_namelookup: 0.015000 | time_connect: 0.031000 | time_starttransfer: 0.109000 | time_total: 0.109000
5 | time_namelookup: 0.031000 | time_connect: 0.031000 | time_starttransfer: 0.109000 | time_total: 0.109000
6 | time_namelookup: 0.016000 | time_connect: 0.016000 | time_starttransfer: 0.094000 | time_total: 0.109000
7 | time_namelookup: 0.016000 | time_connect: 0.016000 | time_starttransfer: 0.125000 | time_total: 0.125000
8 | time_namelookup: 0.000001 | time_connect: 0.016000 | time_starttransfer: 0.141000 | time_total: 0.141000
9 | time_namelookup: 0.015000 | time_connect: 0.015000 | time_starttransfer: 0.093000 | time_total: 0.109000
10 | time_namelookup: 0.000001 | time_connect: 0.015000 | time_starttransfer: 0.109000 | time_total: 0.125000

#man curl 
curl(1)                                      Curl Manual                                     curl(1)

NAME
       curl - transfer a URL

SYNOPSIS
       curl [options] [URL...]

DESCRIPTION
       curl  is  a  tool  to transfer data from or to a server, using one of the supported protocols
       (DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP, IMAPS, LDAP,  LDAPS,  POP3,  POP3S,  RTMP,
       RTSP, SCP, SFTP, SMTP, SMTPS, TELNET and TFTP).  The command is designed to work without user
       interaction.

       curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support, user authentication,  FTP  upload,
       HTTP  post,  SSL  connections, cookies, file transfer resume, Metalink, and more. As you will
       see below, the number of features will make your head spin!

       curl is powered by libcurl for all transfer-related features. See libcurl(3) for details.

URL
       The URL syntax is protocol-dependent. You'll find a detailed description in RFC 3986.

       You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing part sets within braces as in:

        http://site.{one,two,three}.com

       or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:

        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[1-100].txt
        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[001-100].txt    (with leading zeros)
        ftp://ftp.letters.com/file[a-z].txt

[root@VM_0_14_centos ~]# npm install -g tldr
/usr/local/n/versions/node/11.4.0/bin/tldr -> /usr/local/n/versions/node/11.4.0/lib/node_modules/tldr/bin/tldr
+ tldr@3.2.7
added 113 packages from 103 contributors in 60.759s


   ╭───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
   │                                                               │
   │       New minor version of npm available! 6.4.1 → 6.9.0       │
   │   Changelog: https://github.com/npm/cli/releases/tag/v6.9.0   │
   │               Run npm install -g npm to update!               │
   │                                                               │
   ╰───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

$ tldr tldr

  tldr

  Simplified man pages.
  More information: .

  - Get typical usages of a command (hint: this is how you got here!):
    tldr command

  - Show the tar tldr page for linux:
    tldr -p linux tar

  - Get help for a git subcommand:
    tldr git checkout

$ tldr -p linux tar

  tar

  Archiving utility.
  Often combined with a compression method, such as gzip or bzip.
  More information: .

  - Create an archive from files:
    tar -cf target.tar file1 file2 file3

  - Create a gzipped archive:
    tar -czf target.tar.gz file1 file2 file3

  - Extract an archive in a target directory:
    tar -xf source.tar -C directory

  - Extract a gzipped archive in the current directory:
    tar -xzf source.tar.gz

  - Extract a bzipped archive in the current directory:
    tar -xjf source.tar.bz2

  - Create a compressed archive, using archive suffix to determine the compression program:
    tar -caf target.tar.xz file1 file2 file3

  - List the contents of a tar file:
    tar -tvf source.tar

  - Extract files matching a pattern:
    tar -xf source.tar --wildcards "*.html"

λ tldr curl

  curl

  Transfers data from or to a server.
  Supports most protocols, including HTTP, FTP, and POP3.

  - Download the contents of an URL to a file:
    curl http://example.com -o filename

  - Download a file, saving the output under the filename indicated by the URL:
    curl -O http://example.com/filename

  - Download a file, following [L]ocation redirects, and automatically [C]ontinuing (resuming) a previous file transfer:
    curl -O -L -C - http://example.com/filename

  - Send form-encoded data (POST request of type application/x-www-form-urlencoded):
    curl -d 'name=bob' http://example.com/form

  - Send a request with an extra header, using a custom HTTP method:
    curl -H 'X-My-Header: 123' -X PUT http://example.com

  - Send data in JSON format, specifying the appropriate content-type header:
    curl -d '{"name":"bob"}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' http://example.com/users/1234

  - Pass a user name and password for server authentication:
    curl -u myusername:mypassword http://example.com

  - Pass client certificate and key for a resource, skipping certificate validation:
    curl --cert client.pem --key key.pem --insecure https://example.com

[root@VM_0_14_centos ~]# tldr python

  python

  Python language interpreter.
  More information: https://www.python.org.

  - Call a Python interactive shell (REPL):
    python

  - Execute script in a given Python file:
    python script.py

  - Execute script as part of an interactive shell:
    python -i script.py

  - Execute a Python expression:
    python -c "expression"

  - Run library module as a script (terminates option list):
    python -m module arguments

  - Interactively debug a Python script:
    python -m pdb script.py

$ cheat cheat
# To see example usage of a program:
cheat <command>

# To edit a cheatsheet
cheat -e <command>

# To list available cheatsheets
cheat -l

# To search available cheatsheets
cheat -s <command>

# To get the current `cheat' version
cheat -v

$ cheat curl
# Download a single file
curl http://path.to.the/file

# Download a file and specify a new filename
curl http://example.com/file.zip -o new_file.zip

# Download multiple files
curl -O URLOfFirstFile -O URLOfSecondFile

# Download all sequentially numbered files (1-24)
curl http://example.com/pic[1-24].jpg

# Download a file and pass HTTP Authentication
curl -u username:password URL

# Download a file with a Proxy
curl -x proxysever.server.com:PORT http://addressiwantto.access

# Download a file from FTP
curl -u username:password -O ftp://example.com/pub/file.zip

# Get an FTP directory listing
curl ftp://username:password@example.com

# Resume a previously failed download
curl -C - -o partial_file.zip http://example.com/file.zip

# Fetch only the HTTP headers from a response
curl -I http://example.com

# Fetch your external IP and network info as JSON
curl http://ifconfig.me/all/json

# Limit the rate of a download
curl --limit-rate 1000B -O http://path.to.the/file

# Get your global IP
curl httpbin.org/ip

# Get only the HTTP status code
curl -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}\n' -s -I URL

[root@VM_0_14_centos ~]# curl cht.sh/curl
# Download a single file
curl http://path.to.the/file

# Download a file and specify a new filename
curl http://example.com/file.zip -o new_file.zip

# Download multiple files
curl -O URLOfFirstFile -O URLOfSecondFile

# Download all sequentially numbered files (1-24)
curl http://example.com/pic[1-24].jpg

# Download a file and follow redirects
curl -L http://example.com/file

# Download a file and pass HTTP Authentication
curl -u username:password URL

# Download a file with a Proxy
curl -x proxysever.server.com:PORT http://addressiwantto.access

# Download a file from FTP
curl -u username:password -O ftp://example.com/pub/file.zip

# Get an FTP directory listing
curl ftp://username:password@example.com

# Resume a previously failed download
curl -C - -o partial_file.zip http://example.com/file.zip

# Fetch only the HTTP headers from a response
curl -I http://example.com

# Fetch your external IP and network info as JSON
curl http://ifconfig.me/all/json

# Limit the rate of a download
curl --limit-rate 1000B -O http://path.to.the/file

# POST to a form
curl -F "name=user" -F "password=test" http://example.com

# POST JSON Data
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"user":"bob","pass":"123"}' http://example.com

# POST data from the standard in / share data on sprunge.us
curl -F 'sprunge=<-' sprunge.us

[root@VM_0_14_centos ~]# curl cheat.sh/python/requests
#  python-requests: Limit Number of Redirects Followed
#
#  You have to create Session (http://www.python-
#  requests.org/en/latest/api/requests.Session) object and set
#  max_redirects variable to 3

session = requests.Session()
session.max_redirects = 3
session.get(url)

#  TooManyRedirects exception will be raised if a requests exceeds
#  maximum number of redirects.
#
#  Related github issue discussing why you can not set max_redirects per
#  request https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/1300
#
#  [Alik] [so/q/31552627] [cc by-sa 3.0]