python写的系统常用命令,linux和windows通用,用的时候直接from util import *导入即可使用,很方便,本来是一个脚本,但是博文有字数限制,只能分成两部分发了,第二部分连接:http://wangwei007.blog.51cto.com/68019/960000 。
/*
* 提示:该行代码过长,系统自动注释不进行高亮。一键复制会移除系统注释
* #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # 通用功能类封装 import os,time,sys,string,urllib,httplib,shutil,platform,tarfile from commands import getstatusoutput as getso from ConfigParser import * def wr_log(str_cmd, status=0, result=""): cur_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") if status == 0: fp = open("../log/log.txt",'a+') fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tdone!\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd)) fp.close() else: fp = open("../log/err_log.txt",'a+') fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tfailed!\n%s\n\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd, result)) fp.close() sys.exit(-1) def wget(url, new_name=""): ''''' wget封装,需提供下载地址,新文件名参数可省略。 例子: wget("http://208.asktao.com/test.txt", "/tmp/test.txt") ''' try: file_name = url[url.rfind("/")+1:] if new_name == "": new_name = file_name fp = urllib.urlopen(url) py_ver = sys.version[:3] if py_ver == "2.4": domain = url.split("/")[2] get_file = "/" + "/".join(url.split("/")[3:]) conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(domain) conn.request('GET', get_file) fp_code = conn.getresponse().status else: fp_code = fp.getcode() if fp_code != 200: raise NameError, '%s not exist.'%file_name buf_len = 2048 f = open(new_name, 'wb') size = 0 while 1: s = fp.read(buf_len) if not s: break f.write(s) size += len(s) fp.close() f.close() wr_log("wget %s"%url) except Exception, e: wr_log("wget %s"%url, 1, e) def sed(type, file_name, s_str="", d_str=""): ''''' sed封装,根据传入的type参数执行相应操作,type可以为以下几种: a 在s_str行后面追加d_str,若s_str为空,则默认在文件尾部追加; i 在s_str行前面插入d_str,若s_str为空,则默认在文件头部插入; d 删除s_str所在行; s 将s_str替换为d_str。 type及file_name为必需的参数。 例子: 替换字符串:sed("s", "/etc/test.txt", "abc", "123") ''' try: fp = open(file_name) cont = fp.read() fp.close() content = cont.split("\n") content2 = cont.split("\n") cnt = 0 idx = 0 if type == "a": str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/a %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name) if not s_str: content.append(d_str) else: for i in content2: if i.find(s_str) != -1: x = idx + 1 + cnt content.insert(x, d_str) cnt += 1 idx += 1 elif type == "i": str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/i %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name) if not s_str: content.insert(0, d_str) else: for i in content2: if i.find(s_str) != -1: x = idx + cnt content.insert(x, d_str) cnt += 1 idx += 1 elif type == "d": str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/d' %s" % (s_str, file_name) for i in content2: if i.find(s_str) != -1: idx = content.remove(i) elif type == "s": str_cmd = "sed -i 's/%s/%s/g' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name) cont = string.replace(cont, s_str, d_str) content = cont.split("\n") fp = open(file_name, "w") fp.write("\n".join(content)) fp.close() wr_log(str_cmd) except Exception, e: wr_log("modify %s" % file_name, 1, e) def md(dir_name): ''''' mkdir封装,创建传入的目录名称。 ''' try: if not os.path.exists(dir_name): os.makedirs(dir_name) wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name) else: wr_log("%s is exist."%dir_name) except Exception, e: wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name, 1, e) def mv(src, dst): ''''' mv封装,移动文件或修改文件名。 ''' try: try: os.rename(src, dst) except OSError: if os.path.dirname(src) == dst or os.path.dirname(src) == os.path.dirname(dst): raise Exception, "Cannot move self." if os.path.isdir(src): if os.path.abspath(dst).startswith(os.path.abspath(src)): raise Exception, "Cannot move a directory to itself." _copy(src, dst) shutil.rmtree(src) else: shutil.copy2(src,dst) os.unlink(src) wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst)) except Exception, e: wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e) def cp(src, dst): ''''' cp封装,复制文件或目录。 ''' try: _copy(src, dst) wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst)) except Exception, e: wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e) def _copy(src, dst): ''''' copy封装,供cp调用。 ''' if os.path.isdir(src): base = os.path.basename(src) if os.path.exists(dst): dst = os.path.join(dst, base) if not os.path.exists(dst): os.makedirs(dst) names = os.listdir(src) for name in names: srcname = os.path.join(src, name) _copy(srcname, dst) else: shutil.copy2(src, dst) def touch(src): ''''' linux适用 touch封装,新建空白文件。 ''' str_cmd = "/bin/touch %s" % src status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) def rm(src): ''''' rm封装,删除文件或目录,非交互式操作,请谨慎操作。 ''' try: if os.path.exists(src): if os.path.isfile(src): os.remove(src) elif os.path.isdir(src): shutil.rmtree(src) wr_log("rm %s" % src) except Exception, e: wr_log("rm %s" % src, 1, e) def chmod(num, file_name): ''''' linux适用 chmod封装,修改文件权限。 需要传入一个八进制数以及文件名。 例子: chmod(644, "/tmp/test.txt") ''' str_cmd = "/bin/chmod %s %s" % (num, file_name) status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) def chown(user, file_name, arg=""): ''''' linux适用 chown封装,修改文件属主属组。 例子: chown("nobody.nobody", "/tmp", "r") ''' if arg == "r": str_cmd = "/bin/chown -R %s %s" % (user, file_name) else: str_cmd = "/bin/chown %s %s" % (user, file_name) status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) def rar(dst,src): ''''' windows适用 winrar 压缩文件 如: rar(c:\dat.rar c:\dat) ''' try: if not os.path.exists(src) or not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(dst)): raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, os.path.dirname(dst)) os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar a %s %s' % (dst,src)) wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst)) except Exception,e: wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst), 1, e) def unrar(src,dst): ''''' windows适用 unrar 解压缩rar文件 到目标路径 如:unrar(c:\dat.rar c:\) ''' try: if not os.path.exists(dst) or not os.path.exists(src): raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, dst) os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar x %s %s' % (src, dst)) wr_log("unrar %s" % src) except Exception,e: wr_log("unrar %s" % src, 1, e) def tar(dst, src): ''''' linux适用 tar封装,压缩文件。 例子: tar("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp/test.txt") ''' str_cmd = "/bin/tar zcf %s %s" % (dst, src) status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) def untgz(tgz_file, dst="./"): ''''' tar封装,解压缩文件。 例子: untgz("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp") ''' try: tarobj = tarfile.open(tgz_file) names = tarobj.getnames() for name in names: tarobj.extract(name,path=dst) tarobj.close() wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file) except Exception, e: wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file, 1, e) def kill(arg): ''''' linux中,查找进程并杀死返回的pid。 windows中,查找进程或端口并杀死返回的pid。 ''' pid = get_pid(arg) os_type = platform.system() if os_type == "Linux": if pid: str_cmd = "/bin/kill -9 %s" % pid status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log("kill %s" % arg, status, result) elif os_type == "Windows": if pid: try: import ctypes for i in pid: handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(1, False, i) ctypes.windll.kernel32.TerminateProcess(handle,0) wr_log("kill %s" % arg) except Exception, e: wr_log("kill %s" % arg, 1, e) def get_pid(arg): ''''' linux中,查找进程并返回pid。 windows中,查找进程或端口返回pid。 ''' os_type = platform.system() if os_type == "Linux": str_cmd = "/bin/ps auxww | grep '%s' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'" % arg status, result = getso(str_cmd) return result elif os_type == "Windows": if type(arg) == int: str_cmd = "netstat -ano|find \"%s\""%arg try: result = os.popen(str_cmd,"r").read() result = result.split("\n")[0].strip() if result.find("WAIT") != -1: return 0 pid = int(result[result.rfind(" "):].strip()) return [pid] except Exception, e: return 0 else: import win32con,win32api,win32process pids = [] for pid in win32process.EnumProcesses(): try: hProcess = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid) hProcessFirstModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(hProcess)[0] processName = os.path.splitext(os.path.split(win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, hProcessFirstModule))[1])[0] if processName == arg: pids.append(pid) except Exception, e: pass return pids def grpadd(grp_name): ''''' linux适用 groupadd封装,增加组。 ''' str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/groupadd %s" % grp_name status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) def useradd(user_name, arg=""): ''''' useradd封装,添加新用户; linux和windows系统分别使用不同方法; 在linux中,arg填写新用户的gid; windows中,arg填写新用户的密码。 ''' os_type = platform.system() if os_type == "Linux": str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name status, result = getso(str_cmd) if status == 0: return if not arg: str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd %s" % user_name else: str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd -g %s %s" % (arg, user_name) status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) elif os_type == "Windows": try: import win32netcon,win32net,wmi for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount(): if use.name == user_name: raise Exception, "user %s is already exists" % user_name udata = {} udata["name"] = user_name udata["password"] = arg udata["flags"] = win32netcon.UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT | win32netcon.UF_SCRIPT udata["priv"] = win32netcon.USER_PRIV_USER win32net.NetUserAdd(None, 1, udata) wr_log("add user %s" % user_name) except Exception,e: wr_log("add user %s" % user_name, 1, e) def userdel(user_name): ''''' userdel封装,删除用户。 ''' os_type = platform.system() if os_type == "Linux": str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name status, result = getso(str_cmd) if status == 0: str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/userdel -r %s" % user_name status, result = getso(str_cmd) wr_log(str_cmd, status, result) elif os_type == "Windows": try: import win32net,wmi for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount(): if use.name == user_name: win32net.NetUserDel(None,user_name) wr_log("del user %s" % user_name) return wr_log("user %s not exists" % user_name) except Exception,e: wr_log("del user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
*/