以下程序均来自《Python.UNIX和Linux系统管理指南》
ssh有两种登陆方式,一种是使用用户名、密码方式,另一种是使用加密,不再使用密码
使用用户名、密码方式,前提是曾经ssh登陆过远程机器,在用户目录的.ssh目录下的known_hosts有记录
ssh.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
hostname = '192.168.137.3'
port = 22
username = "root"
password = "123456"
if __name__ == "__main__":
paramiko.util.log_to_file('paramiko.log')
s = paramiko.SSHClient()
s.load_system_host_keys()
s.connect(hostname, port, username, password)
stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command('ifconfig')
print stdout.read()
s.close()
运行结果:
[root@centos python]# python ssh.py
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:1B:C2:CD
inet addr:192.168.137.3 Bcast:192.168.137.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:976 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:958 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:104727 (102.2 KiB) TX bytes:125765 (122.8 KiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:2340 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2340 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3564169 (3.3 MiB) TX bytes:3564169 (3.3 MiB)
sftp
sftp.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
import os
hostname = '192.168.137.3'
port = 22
username = 'root'
password = '123456'
dir_path = '/usr/local/get'
if __name__ == '__main__':
t = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port))
t.connect(username=username, password=password)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
files = sftp.listdir(dir_path)
for f in files:
print 'Retrieving', f
sftp.get(os.path.join(dir_path, f), f)
t.close()
运行结果:
[root@centos python]# python sftp.py
Retrieving c
Retrieving a
Retrieving b
Retrieving d
使用RSA加密方式,前提是已经设置好加密登陆方式
ssh加密登陆方法:
[root@centos .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa #其他的直接回车就行
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
74:64:97:4d:af:52:c0:8c:98:ae:83:7e:e7:25:3a:6e root@centos
ssh
[root@centos .ssh]# cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
[root@centos .ssh]# scp authorized_keys root@192.168.137.3:/root/.ssh
#拷贝到ssh的那天机器上
ssh
ssh_rsa.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
hostname = '192.168.137.3'
port = 22
username = "root"
password = "123456"
pkey_file = "/root/.ssh/id_rsa"
if __name__ == "__main__":
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(pkey_file)
s = paramiko.SSHClient()
s.load_system_host_keys()
s.connect(hostname, port, pkey=key)
stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command('ifconfig')
print stdout.read()
s.close()
运行结果同上ssh
sftp
sftp_rsa.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
import os
hostname = '192.168.137.3'
port = 22
username = 'root'
password = '123456'
dir_path = '/usr/local/get'
pkey_file = '/root/.ssh/id_rsa'
if __name__ == '__main__':
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(pkey_file)
t = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port))
t.connect(username=username, pkey=key)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
files = sftp.listdir(dir_path)
for f in files:
print 'Retrieving', f
sftp.get(os.path.join(dir_path, f), f)
t.close()
运行结果同上sftp