Deno 环境下的 TypeScript 开发入门手册

brew install deno

flavio@mbp~> deno --help
deno 0.42.0
A secure JavaScript and TypeScript runtime

Docs: https://deno.land/std/manual.md
Modules: https://deno.land/std/ https://deno.land/x/
Bugs: https://github.com/denoland/deno/issues

To start the REPL, supply no arguments:
  deno

To execute a script:
  deno run https://deno.land/std/examples/welcome.ts
  deno https://deno.land/std/examples/welcome.ts

To evaluate code in the shell:
  deno eval "console.log(30933 + 404)"

Run 'deno help run' for 'run'-specific flags.

USAGE:
    deno [OPTIONS] [SUBCOMMAND]

OPTIONS:
    -h, --help
            Prints help information

    -L, --log-level <log-level>
            Set log level [possible values: debug, info]

    -q, --quiet
            Suppress diagnostic output
            By default, subcommands print human-readable diagnostic messages to stderr.
            If the flag is set, restrict these messages to errors.
    -V, --version
            Prints version information


SUBCOMMANDS:
    bundle         Bundle module and dependencies into single file
    cache          Cache the dependencies
    completions    Generate shell completions
    doc            Show documentation for a module
    eval           Eval script
    fmt            Format source files
    help           Prints this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
    info           Show info about cache or info related to source file
    install        Install script as an executable
    repl           Read Eval Print Loop
    run            Run a program given a filename or url to the module
    test           Run tests
    types          Print runtime TypeScript declarations
    upgrade        Upgrade deno executable to newest version

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES:
    DENO_DIR             Set deno's base directory (defaults to $HOME/.deno)
    DENO_INSTALL_ROOT    Set deno install's output directory
                         (defaults to $HOME/.deno/bin)
    NO_COLOR             Set to disable color
    HTTP_PROXY           Proxy address for HTTP requests
                         (module downloads, fetch)
    HTTPS_PROXY          Same but for HTTPS

console.log('Welcome to Deno ?')

flavio@mbp~> deno run --help
deno-run
Run a program given a filename or url to the module.

By default all programs are run in sandbox without access to disk, network or
ability to spawn subprocesses.
  deno run https://deno.land/std/examples/welcome.ts

Grant all permissions:
  deno run -A https://deno.land/std/http/file_server.ts

Grant permission to read from disk and listen to network:
  deno run --allow-read --allow-net https://deno.land/std/http/file_server.ts

Grant permission to read whitelisted files from disk:
  deno run --allow-read=/etc https://deno.land/std/http/file_server.ts

USAGE:
    deno run [OPTIONS] <SCRIPT_ARG>...

OPTIONS:
    -A, --allow-all
            Allow all permissions

        --allow-env
            Allow environment access

        --allow-hrtime
            Allow high resolution time measurement

        --allow-net=<allow-net>
            Allow network access

        --allow-plugin
            Allow loading plugins

        --allow-read=<allow-read>
            Allow file system read access

        --allow-run
            Allow running subprocesses

        --allow-write=<allow-write>
            Allow file system write access

        --cached-only
            Require that remote dependencies are already cached

        --cert <FILE>
            Load certificate authority from PEM encoded file

    -c, --config <FILE>
            Load tsconfig.json configuration file

    -h, --help
            Prints help information

        --importmap <FILE>
            UNSTABLE:
            Load import map file
            Docs: https://deno.land/std/manual.md#import-maps
            Specification: https://wicg.github.io/import-maps/
            Examples: https://github.com/WICG/import-maps#the-import-map
        --inspect=<HOST:PORT>
            activate inspector on host:port (default: 127.0.0.1:9229)

        --inspect-brk=<HOST:PORT>
            activate inspector on host:port and break at start of user script

        --lock <FILE>
            Check the specified lock file

        --lock-write
            Write lock file. Use with --lock.

    -L, --log-level <log-level>
            Set log level [possible values: debug, info]

        --no-remote
            Do not resolve remote modules

    -q, --quiet
            Suppress diagnostic output
            By default, subcommands print human-readable diagnostic messages to stderr.
            If the flag is set, restrict these messages to errors.
    -r, --reload=<CACHE_BLACKLIST>
            Reload source code cache (recompile TypeScript)
            --reload
              Reload everything
            --reload=https://deno.land/std
              Reload only standard modules
            --reload=https://deno.land/std/fs/utils.ts,https://deno.land/std/fmt/colors.ts
              Reloads specific modules
        --seed <NUMBER>
            Seed Math.random()

        --unstable
            Enable unstable APIs

        --v8-flags=<v8-flags>
            Set V8 command line options. For help: --v8-flags=--help


ARGS:
    <SCRIPT_ARG>...
            script args

import { serve } from 'https://deno.land/std/http/server.ts'
const s = serve({ port: 8000 })
console.log('http://localhost:8000/')
for await (const req of s) {
    req.respond({ body: 'Hello World\n' })
}

import { serve } from 'https://deno.land/std@v0.42.0/http/server.ts'

/**
 * Create a HTTP server
 *
 *     import { serve } from "https://deno.land/std/http/server.ts";
 *     const body = "Hello World\n";
 *     const s = serve({ port: 8000 });
 *     for await (const req of s) {
 *       req.respond({ body });
 *     }
 */
export function serve(addr: string | HTTPOptions): Server {
  if (typeof addr === 'string') {
    const [hostname, port] = addr.split(':')
    addr = { hostname, port: Number(port) }
  }

  const listener = listen(addr)
  return new Server(listener)
}

for await (const req of s) {
  req.respond({ body: 'Hello World\n' })
}

import { encode } from '../encoding/utf8.ts'
import { BufReader, BufWriter } from '../io/bufio.ts'
import { assert } from '../testing/asserts.ts'
import { deferred, Deferred, MuxAsyncIterator } from '../async/mod.ts'
import {
    bodyReader,
    chunkedBodyReader,
    emptyReader,
    writeResponse,
    readRequest,
} from './_io.ts'
import Listener = Deno.Listener
import Conn = Deno.Conn
import Reader = Deno.Reader

deno run --allow-net app.ts

const filenames = Deno.args
for (const filename of filenames) {
  const file = await Deno.open(filename)
  await Deno.copy(file, Deno.stdout)
  file.close()
}

deno run https://deno.land/std/examples/cat.ts

deno run https://deno.land/std/examples/cat.ts app.ts

deno run --allow-read=./ https://deno.land/std/examples/cat.ts app.ts

import { Application, Router } from 'https://deno.land/x/oak/mod.ts'

const env = Deno.env.toObject()
const PORT = env.PORT || 4000
const HOST = env.HOST || '127.0.0.1'

const router = new Router()

const app = new Application()

app.use(router.routes())
app.use(router.allowedMethods())

console.log(`Listening on port ${PORT}...`)

await app.listen(`${HOST}:${PORT}`)

deno run --allow-env --allow-net app.ts

interface Dog {
  name: string
  age: number
}

let dogs: Array<Dog> = [
  {
    name: 'Roger',
    age: 8,
  },
  {
    name: 'Syd',
    age: 7,  },
]

const router = new Router()

router
  .get('/dogs', getDogs)
  .get('/dogs/:name', getDog)
  .post('/dogs', addDog)
  .put('/dogs/:name', updateDog)
  .delete('/dogs/:name', removeDog)

export const getDogs = ({ response }: { response: any }) => {
  response.body = dogs
}

export const getDog = ({
  params,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  response: any
}) => {
  const dog = dogs.filter((dog) => dog.name === params.name)
  if (dog.length) {
    response.status = 200
    response.body = dog[0]
    return
  }

  response.status = 400
  response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
}

export const addDog = async ({
  request,
  response,
}: {
  request: any
  response: any
}) => {
  const body = await request.body()
  const dog: Dog = body.value
  dogs.push(dog)

  response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
  response.status = 200
}

export const updateDog = async ({
  params,
  request,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  request: any
  response: any
}) => {
  const temp = dogs.filter((existingDog) => existingDog.name === params.name)
  const body = await request.body()
  const { age }: { age: number } = body.value

  if (temp.length) {
    temp[0].age = age
    response.status = 200
    response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
    return
  }

  response.status = 400
  response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
}

export const removeDog = ({
  params,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  response: any
}) => {
  const lengthBefore = dogs.length
  dogs = dogs.filter((dog) => dog.name !== params.name)

  if (dogs.length === lengthBefore) {
    response.status = 400
    response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
    return
  }

  response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
  response.status = 200
}

import { Application, Router } from 'https://deno.land/x/oak/mod.ts'

const env = Deno.env.toObject()
const PORT = env.PORT || 4000
const HOST = env.HOST || '127.0.0.1'

interface Dog {
  name: string
  age: number
}

let dogs: Array<Dog> = [
  {
    name: 'Roger',
    age: 8,
  },
  {
    name: 'Syd',
    age: 7,
  },
]

export const getDogs = ({ response }: { response: any }) => {
  response.body = dogs
}

export const getDog = ({
  params,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  response: any
}) => {
  const dog = dogs.filter((dog) => dog.name === params.name)
  if (dog.length) {
    response.status = 200
    response.body = dog[0]
    return
  }

  response.status = 400
  response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
}

export const addDog = async ({
  request,
  response,
}: {
  request: any
  response: any
}) => {
  const body = await request.body()
  const { name, age }: { name: string; age: number } = body.value
  dogs.push({
    name: name,
    age: age,
  })

  response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
  response.status = 200
}

export const updateDog = async ({
  params,
  request,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  request: any
  response: any
}) => {
  const temp = dogs.filter((existingDog) => existingDog.name === params.name)
  const body = await request.body()
  const { age }: { age: number } = body.value

  if (temp.length) {
    temp[0].age = age
    response.status = 200
    response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
    return
  }

  response.status = 400
  response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
}

export const removeDog = ({
  params,
  response,
}: {
  params: {
    name: string
  }
  response: any
}) => {
  const lengthBefore = dogs.length
  dogs = dogs.filter((dog) => dog.name !== params.name)

  if (dogs.length === lengthBefore) {
    response.status = 400
    response.body = { msg: `Cannot find dog ${params.name}` }
    return
  }

  response.body = { msg: 'OK' }
  response.status = 200
}

const router = new Router()
router
  .get('/dogs', getDogs)
  .get('/dogs/:name', getDog)
  .post('/dogs', addDog)
  .put('/dogs/:name', updateDog)
  .delete('/dogs/:name', removeDog)

const app = new Application()

app.use(router.routes())
app.use(router.allowedMethods())

console.log(`Listening on port ${PORT}...`)

await app.listen(`${HOST}:${PORT}`)