Dialog、Toast的Window和ViewRootImpl

public class Dialog implements DialogInterface, Window.Callback,
        KeyEvent.Callback, OnCreateContextMenuListener,Window.OnWindowDismissedCallback{
    //只有Activity的Context可以启动Dialog，因为Dialog展示的时候需要主题资源也就是ContextThemeWrapper。
    Dialog(Context context, int theme, boolean createContextThemeWrapper) {
        if (createContextThemeWrapper) {
            if (theme == 0) {
                TypedValue outValue = new TypedValue();
                context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(com.android.internal.R.attr.dialogTheme,
                        outValue, true);
                theme = outValue.resourceId;
            }
            mContext = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, theme);
        } else {
            mContext = context;
        }
        //因为每个上下文环境获取的系统服务都是相同的实例，这里获取的WindowManager是Activity的WindowManager。
        mWindowManager = (WindowManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
        //创建Dialog的PhoneWindow对象。
        Window w = PolicyManager.makeNewWindow(mContext);
        mWindow = w;
        w.setCallback(this);
        w.setOnWindowDismissedCallback(this);
        w.setWindowManager(mWindowManager, null, null);
        w.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
        //Handler中的Looper默认为当前线程的Looper
        mListenersHandler = new ListenersHandler(this);
    }
}

public class Dialog implements DialogInterface, Window.Callback,
        KeyEvent.Callback, OnCreateContextMenuListener,Window.OnWindowDismissedCallback{
    /**
     * Set the screen content from a layout resource.  The resource will be
     * inflated, adding all top-level views to the screen.
     * 
     * @param layoutResID Resource ID to be inflated.
     */
    public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
        mWindow.setContentView(layoutResID);
    }
}

public class Dialog implements DialogInterface, Window.Callback,
        KeyEvent.Callback, OnCreateContextMenuListener,Window.OnWindowDismissedCallback{
    /**
     * Start the dialog and display it on screen.  The window is placed in the
     * application layer and opaque.  Note that you should not override this
     * method to do initialization when the dialog is shown, instead implement
     * that in {@link #onStart}.
     */
    public void show() {
        if (mShowing) {
            if (mDecor != null) {
                if (mWindow.hasFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) {
                    mWindow.invalidatePanelMenu(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
                }
                mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            }
            return;
        }
        mCanceled = false;
        //判断是否调用onCreate方法
        if (!mCreated) {
            dispatchOnCreate(null);
        }
        //调用onStart方法
        onStart();
        //获取DecorView对象实例
        mDecor = mWindow.getDecorView();
        if (mActionBar == null && mWindow.hasFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) {
            final ApplicationInfo info = mContext.getApplicationInfo();
            mWindow.setDefaultIcon(info.icon);
            mWindow.setDefaultLogo(info.logo);
            mActionBar = new WindowDecorActionBar(this);
        }
        //更新Window属性参数
        WindowManager.LayoutParams l = mWindow.getAttributes();
        if ((l.softInputMode
                & WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION) == 0) {
            WindowManager.LayoutParams nl = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
            nl.copyFrom(l);
            nl.softInputMode |=
                    WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION;
            l = nl;
        }
        try {
            //Windowmanger添加Window、ViewRootImpl初始化并绑定Window
            mWindowManager.addView(mDecor, l);
            mShowing = true;
            //OnShowListener监听回调
            sendShowMessage();
        } finally {
        }
    }
}

public class Toast {
    final Context mContext;
    final TN mTN;//
    int mDuration;//展示时间
    View mNextView;//所展示的View
    /**
     * Construct an empty Toast object.  You must call {@link #setView} before you
     * can call {@link #show}.
     *
     * @param context  The context to use.  Usually your {@link android.app.Application}
     *                 or {@link android.app.Activity} object.
     */
    //Context可以为Application也可以为Activity，
    public Toast(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
        mTN = new TN();
        mTN.mY = context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
                com.android.internal.R.dimen.toast_y_offset);
        mTN.mGravity = context.getResources().getInteger(
                com.android.internal.R.integer.config_toastDefaultGravity);
    }
    //NotificationManagerService的客户端IBinder对
    private static INotificationManager sService;

    private static class TN extends ITransientNotification.Stub {
        /***部分代码省略***/
        private final WindowManager.LayoutParams mParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
        //Handler中的Looper默认为当前线程的Looper
        final Handler mHandler = new Handler(); 
        TN() {
            // XXX This should be changed to use a Dialog, with a Theme.Toast
            // defined that sets up the layout params appropriately.
            final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = mParams;
            params.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
            params.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
            params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
            params.windowAnimations = com.android.internal.R.style.Animation_Toast;
            //设置Window类型为Toast
            params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST;
            params.setTitle("Toast");
            params.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON
                    | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE
                    | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCHABLE;
        }
    }   
}

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="?android:attr/toastFrameBackground">

    <TextView
        android:id="@android:id/message"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.Toast"
        android:textColor="@color/bright_foreground_dark"
        android:shadowColor="#BB000000"
        android:shadowRadius="2.75"
        />

</LinearLayout>

public class Toast {
    /**
     * Make a standard toast that just contains a text view.
     *
     * @param context  The context to use.  Usually your {@link android.app.Application}
     *                 or {@link android.app.Activity} object.
     * @param text     The text to show.  Can be formatted text.
     * @param duration How long to display the message.  Either {@link #LENGTH_SHORT} or
     *                 {@link #LENGTH_LONG}
     *
     */
    public static Toast makeText(Context context, CharSequence text, @Duration int duration) {
        Toast result = new Toast(context);
        //获取布局解析器
        LayoutInflater inflate = (LayoutInflater)
                context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        //解析transient_notification.xml生成对应的View
        View v = inflate.inflate(com.android.internal.R.layout.transient_notification, null);
        //找到View中的id为message的TextView
        TextView tv = (TextView)v.findViewById(com.android.internal.R.id.message);
        //对Textview进行文字赋值
        tv.setText(text);
        //展示的Toast所用的View
        result.mNextView = v;
        //设置间隔时间
        result.mDuration = duration;
        return result;
    }
}

public class Toast {
    //INotificationManager的客户端的Binder对象
    private static INotificationManager sService;
    static private INotificationManager getService() {
        if (sService != null) {
            return sService;
        }
        //获取INotificationManager的客户端的Binder对象
        sService = INotificationManager.Stub.asInterface(ServiceManager.getService("notification"));
        return sService;
    }
    /**
     * Show the view for the specified duration.
     */
    public void show() {
        //mNextView不能为空
        if (mNextView == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("setView must have been called");
        }
        //service初始哈
        INotificationManager service = getService();
        //获取当前Context对应的包名
        String pkg = mContext.getOpPackageName();
        TN tn = mTN;
        tn.mNextView = mNextView;
        try {
            //将TN加入INotificationManager中的mToastQueue队列
            service.enqueueToast(pkg, tn, mDuration);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            // Empty
        }
    }
}

public class NotificationManagerService extends SystemService {
    //是否是系统调用
    private static boolean isCallerSystem() {
        return isUidSystem(Binder.getCallingUid());
    }
    private final IBinder mService = new INotificationManager.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void enqueueToast(String pkg, ITransientNotification callback, int duration){
            if (DBG) {
                Slog.i(TAG, "enqueueToast pkg=" + pkg + " callback=" + callback
                        + " duration=" + duration);
            }
            if (pkg == null || callback == null) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "Not doing toast. pkg=" + pkg + " callback=" + callback);
                return ;
            }
            //判断是否是系统调动或者是Android系统应用程序进行调用
            final boolean isSystemToast = isCallerSystem() || ("android".equals(pkg));
            //Toast或者通知权限被禁用
            if (ENABLE_BLOCKED_TOASTS && !noteNotificationOp(pkg, Binder.getCallingUid())) {
                if (!isSystemToast) {
                    Slog.e(TAG, "Suppressing toast from package " + pkg + " by user request.");
                    return;
                }
            }
            //mToastQueue加锁
            synchronized (mToastQueue) {
                int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
                long callingId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
                try {
                    ToastRecord record;
                    //寻找当前callback在mToastQueue中的索引，没找到则返回-1
                    int index = indexOfToastLocked(pkg, callback);
                    // If it's already in the queue, we update it in place, we don't
                    // move it to the end of the queue.
                    //index>=0表示mToastQueue中有该callback的索引，record进行更新展示时间
                    if (index >= 0) {
                        record = mToastQueue.get(index);
                        record.update(duration);
                    } else {
                        // Limit the number of toasts that any given package except the android
                        // package can enqueue.  Prevents DOS attacks and deals with leaks.
                        //不是系统的Toast
                        if (!isSystemToast) {
                            int count = 0;
                            final int N = mToastQueue.size();
                            for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                                 final ToastRecord r = mToastQueue.get(i);
                                 //判断当前的Toast是不是同一个包发出的
                                 if (r.pkg.equals(pkg)) {
                                     count++;
                                     //当前包的需要展示的Toast缓存数量>=50
                                     if (count >= MAX_PACKAGE_NOTIFICATIONS) {
                                         Slog.e(TAG, "Package has already posted " + count
                                                + " toasts. Not showing more. Package=" + pkg);
                                         return;
                                     }
                                 }
                            }
                        }
                        //根据callback等信息构造ToastRecord对象
                        record = new ToastRecord(callingPid, pkg, callback, duration);
                        //将新的ToastRecord对象加入到队列总
                        mToastQueue.add(record);
                        //加入之后当前的索引是lenth-1
                        index = mToastQueue.size() - 1;
                        //将当前包对应的线程切换为前台线程
                        keepProcessAliveLocked(callingPid);
                    }
                    // If it's at index 0, it's the current toast.  It doesn't matter if it's
                    // new or just been updated.  Call back and tell it to show itself.
                    // If the callback fails, this will remove it from the list, so don't
                    // assume that it's valid after this.
                    //如果之前队列中没有正在处理的消息，那么处理当前这个ToastRecord
                    if (index == 0) {
                        showNextToastLocked();
                    }
                } finally {
                    Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(callingId);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

public class NotificationManagerService extends SystemService {
    void showNextToastLocked() {
        //获取队列第一个ToastRecord
        ToastRecord record = mToastQueue.get(0);
        while (record != null) {
            if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Show pkg=" + record.pkg + " callback=" + record.callback);
            try {
                //调用客户端Binder对应的TN.show方法。
                record.callback.show();
                scheduleTimeoutLocked(record);
                return;
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                Slog.w(TAG, "Object died trying to show notification " + record.callback
                        + " in package " + record.pkg);
                // remove it from the list and let the process die
                //当前Toast客户端Binder方法调用抛出异常
                //移除当前ToastRecord
                int index = mToastQueue.indexOf(record);
                if (index >= 0) {
                    mToastQueue.remove(index);
                }
                //切换当前ToastRecord进程
                keepProcessAliveLocked(record.pid);
                //遍历对象变为列表下一个oastRecord对象
                if (mToastQueue.size() > 0) {
                    record = mToastQueue.get(0);
                } else {
                    record = null;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

private static class TN extends ITransientNotification.Stub {
    /**
     * schedule handleShow into the right thread
     */
    @Override
    public void show() {
        if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "SHOW: " + this);
        mHandler.post(mShow);//利用Handler执行mShow
    }
    final Runnable mShow = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            handleShow();
        }
    };
    //展示Toast
    public void handleShow() {
        if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "HANDLE SHOW: " + this + " mView=" + mView
                + " mNextView=" + mNextView);
        //判断mNextView是否展示过
        if (mView != mNextView) {
            // remove the old view if necessary
            //移除当前展示的Toast
            handleHide();
            mView = mNextView;
            //获取当前的应用程序的上下文环境
            Context context = mView.getContext().getApplicationContext();
            //获取当前包名
            String packageName = mView.getContext().getOpPackageName();
            if (context == null) {
                context = mView.getContext();
            }
            //获取上下文环境的WindowManagerImpl
            mWM = (WindowManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
            // We can resolve the Gravity here by using the Locale for getting
            // the layout direction
            final Configuration config = mView.getContext().getResources().getConfiguration();
            final int gravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(mGravity, config.getLayoutDirection());
            //设置参数的重力防线
            mParams.gravity = gravity;
            if ((gravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) == Gravity.FILL_HORIZONTAL) {
                mParams.horizontalWeight = 1.0f;
            }
            if ((gravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK) == Gravity.FILL_VERTICAL) {
                mParams.verticalWeight = 1.0f;
            }
            //设置参数的坐标和偏移量
            mParams.x = mX;
            mParams.y = mY;
            mParams.verticalMargin = mVerticalMargin;
            mParams.horizontalMargin = mHorizontalMargin;
            mParams.packageName = packageName;
            //如果mView添加过，那么先把mView从WindowManager中移除。
            if (mView.getParent() != null) {
                if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "REMOVE! " + mView + " in " + this);
                mWM.removeView(mView);
            }
            if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "ADD! " + mView + " in " + this);
            //把需要展示的View添加在WindowManager中
            mWM.addView(mView, mParams);
            trySendAccessibilityEvent();
        }
    }
}

public class NotificationManagerService extends SystemService {
    private final class WorkerHandler extends Handler{
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg){
            switch (msg.what){
                case MESSAGE_TIMEOUT:
                    //调用当前的Toast的hide
                    handleTimeout((ToastRecord)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_SAVE_POLICY_FILE:
                    handleSavePolicyFile();
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_SEND_RANKING_UPDATE:
                    handleSendRankingUpdate();
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_LISTENER_HINTS_CHANGED:
                    handleListenerHintsChanged(msg.arg1);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_LISTENER_NOTIFICATION_FILTER_CHANGED:
                    handleListenerInterruptionFilterChanged(msg.arg1);
                    break;
            }
        }

    }
    //让当前Toast展示一段时间后消失
    private void scheduleTimeoutLocked(ToastRecord r){
        //移除mHandler关于这个TaostRecord的所有Message
        mHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(r);
        Message m = Message.obtain(mHandler, MESSAGE_TIMEOUT, r);
        long delay = r.duration == Toast.LENGTH_LONG ? LONG_DELAY : SHORT_DELAY;
        //发送一个delayed=duration的MESSAGE_TIMEOUT事件
        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(m, delay);
    }
    //使Toast消失
    private void handleTimeout(ToastRecord record){
        if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Timeout pkg=" + record.pkg + " callback=" + record.callback);
        synchronized (mToastQueue) {
            //找当前ToastRecord在mToastQueue队列中的索引
            int index = indexOfToastLocked(record.pkg, record.callback);
            if (index >= 0) {
                cancelToastLocked(index);
            }
        }
    }
    //调用当前索引=index的ToastRecord.callback.hide
    void cancelToastLocked(int index) {
        ToastRecord record = mToastQueue.get(index);
        try {
            ////调用客户端Binder对应的TN.hide方法。
            record.callback.hide();
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Object died trying to hide notification " + record.callback
                    + " in package " + record.pkg);
            // don't worry about this, we're about to remove it from
            // the list anyway
        }
        //移除处理完的ToastRecord
        mToastQueue.remove(index);
        keepProcessAliveLocked(record.pid);
        if (mToastQueue.size() > 0) {
            // Show the next one. If the callback fails, this will remove
            // it from the list, so don't assume that the list hasn't changed
            // after this point.
            //处理队列中的下一个ToastRecord
            showNextToastLocked();
        }
    }
}

private static class TN extends ITransientNotification.Stub {
    /**
     * schedule handleHide into the right thread
     */
    @Override
    public void hide() {
        if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "HIDE: " + this);
        mHandler.post(mHide);//利用Handler执行mHide
    }
    final Runnable mHide = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            handleHide();
            // Don't do this in handleHide() because it is also invoked by handleShow()
            mNextView = null;
        }
    };
    public void handleHide() {
        if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "HANDLE HIDE: " + this + " mView=" + mView);
        if (mView != null) {
            // note: checking parent() just to make sure the view has
            // been added...  i have seen cases where we get here when
            // the view isn't yet added, so let's try not to crash.
            if (mView.getParent() != null) {
                if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "REMOVE! " + mView + " in " + this);
                //调用WindowManager的removeView移除mView
                mWM.removeView(mView);
            }
            mView = null;
        }
    }
}

//Toast展现
new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //Looper.prepare();
        Toast.makeText(TestActivity.this, "test", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        //Looper.loop();
    }
}).start();
//Dialog的展现
new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //Looper.prepare();
        new MyDialog(TestActivity.this, "test").show();
        //Looper.loop();
    }
}).start();

//Toast崩溃日志
17:30:04.211#[androidcode@]#30824#E#AndroidRuntime #FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-2
        Process: com.tzx.androidcode, PID: 30513
        java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't toast on a thread that has not called Looper.prepare()
        at android.widget.Toast$TN.<init>(Toast.java:394)
        at android.widget.Toast.<init>(Toast.java:114)
        at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:277)
        at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:267)
        at com.tzx.androidcode.activity.TestActivity$1.run(TestActivity.java:72)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:764)
//Dialog的崩溃日志
17:33:07.961#[androidcode@]#31514#E#AndroidRuntime #FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-2
        Process: com.tzx.androidcode, PID: 31438
        java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()
        at android.os.Handler.<init>(Handler.java:203)
        at android.os.Handler.<init>(Handler.java:117)
        at android.app.Dialog.<init>(Dialog.java:123)
        at android.app.Dialog.<init>(Dialog.java:149)
        at com.tzx.rollaction.test.BaseDailog.<init>(BaseDailog.java:23)
        at com.tzx.rollaction.test.MyDialog.<init>(MyDialog.java:20)
        at com.tzx.androidcode.activity.TestActivity$2.run(TestActivity.java:86)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:764)