一、@PropertySource:用于加载指定的配置文件
比如我们在resource下新建一个person.properties
person.username=李四
person.age=12
person.email=zhangsan@qq.com
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=v2
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=tom
person.dog.age=2
在person.java中
package com.gong.springboot.bean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
//将配置文件中的属性映射到组件中
//prefix:表示配置文件中的哪个下面的属性进行一一映射
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")
@PropertySource(value={"classpath:person.properties"})
public class Person {
/**<bean clas="Person">
* <property name="username" value="字面量/${key}从环境变量中获取值/#{}spel"></property>
* </bean>
*
*/
//@Value("${person.username}")
private String username;
//@Value("#{11*2}")
private Integer age;
//@Value("test@qq.com")
private String email;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public List<Object> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Dog getDog() {
return dog;
}
public void setDog(Dog dog) {
this.dog = dog;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
", maps=" + maps +
", lists=" + lists +
", dog=" + dog +
'}';
}
}
注意:@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")不要注释掉。同时主配置文件中不能有person.properties相同的配置,否则自己定义的配置就会失效。进行测试:
Person{username='李四', age=12, email='zhangsan@qq.com', maps={k2=v2, k1=v1}, lists=[a, b, c], dog=Dog{name='tom', age=2}}
二、@ImportResource:导入spring的配置文件,让配置文件的内容生效
在com.gong.springboot下新建一个service包,在该包下新建,HelloWorldService.java
package com.gong.springboot.Service;
public class HelloWorldService {
}
在resources文件加下新建beans.xml。将HelloWorldService注入到IOC容器中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="helloWorldService" class="com.gong.springboot.Service.HelloWorldService"></bean>
</beans>
在主配置类中:
package com.gong.springboot;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class Myspringboot2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Myspringboot2Application.class, args);
}
}
在测试文件中:
package com.gong.springboot;
import com.gong.springboot.Service.HelloWorldService;
import com.gong.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Myspringboot2ApplicationTests {
@Autowired
Person person;
@Autowired
ApplicationContext ioc;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(person);
}
@Test
public void testService(){
Boolean b = ioc.containsBean("helloWorldService");
System.out.println(b);
}
}
运行测试:在控制台可以看到输出true。如果不在主配置类中使用ImportResource注解标识位置,则输出的为false。
三、springboot推荐给容器中添加组件的方式:使用全注解的方式
在com.gong.springboot下新建一个config包,在该包下新建MyAppConfig.java
package com.gong.springboot.config;
import com.gong.springboot.Service.HelloWorldService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
//指明当前类是一个配置类,替代了之前的spring配置文件,也就是beans.xml
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {
//Bean注解:将方法的返回值添加到容器中,组件默认的id就是方法名,也就是helloWorldService
@Bean
public HelloWorldService helloWorldService(){
return new HelloWorldService();
}
}
注释掉主配置类中的@ImportResource再进行测试:在控制台还是可以输出true。