PHP模版引擎原理、定义与用法实例

<?php
/**
* 模板编译工具类
*/
class Compile
{
  private $template;     //带编译文件
  private $content;      //需要替换的文本
  private $comfile;      //编译后的文件
  private $left = '{';     //左界定符
  private $right = '}';    //右界定符
  private $value = array();   //值栈
  private $php_turn;
  private $T_P = array();
  private $T_R = array();
  public function __construct($template, $compileFile, $config)
  {
   $this- template = $template;
   $this- comfile = $compileFile;
   $this- content = file_get_contents($template);
   if($config['php_turn'] === false)
   {
     $this- T_P[] = "/<\?(=|php|)(.+?)\? /is";
     $this- T_R[] = "&lt;? \1\2? &gt";
   }
   //{$var}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{\$([a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x7f-\xff]*)\}/";
   //{foreach $b}或者{loop $b}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{(loop|foreach) \$([a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x7f-\xff]*)\}/i";
   //{[K|V]}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{([K|V])\}/";
   //{/foreach}或者{\loop}或者{\if}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{\/(loop|foreach|if)}/i";
   //{if (condition)}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{if (.* ?)\}/i";
   //{(else if | elseif)}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{(else if|elseif) (.* ?)\}/i";
   //{else}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{else\}/i";
   //{#...# 或者 *...#，注释}
   $this- T_P[] = "/\{(\#|\*)(.* ?)(\#|\*)\}/";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php echo $this- value['\1']; ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php foreach ((array)$this- value['\2'] as $K =  $V) { ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php echo $\1; ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php } ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php if (\1) { ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php }else if (\2) { ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "<?php }else{ ? ";
   $this- T_R[] = "";
  }
  public function compile()
  {
   $this- c_all();
   $this- c_staticFile();
   file_put_contents($this- comfile, $this- content);
  }
  public function c_all()
  {
   $this- content = preg_replace($this- T_P, $this- T_R, $this- content);
  }
  /**
  * 加入对JavaScript文件的解析
  * @return [type] [description]
  */
  public function c_staticFile()
  {
   $this- content = preg_replace('/\{\!(.* ?)\!\}/', '<script src=\1'.'?t='.time().' </script ', $this- content);
  }
  public function __set($name, $value)
  {
   $this- $name = $value;
  }
  public function __get($name)
  {
   if(isset($this- $name))
   {
     return $this- $name;
   }
   else
   {
     return null;
   }
  }
}

<?php
/**
* Template
*/
class Template
{
private $arrayConfig = array(
'suffix'   =  '.tpl',  //模板的后缀
'templateDir' =  'template/', //模板所在的文件夹
'compileDir'  =  'cache/',  //编译后存放的目录
'cache_html'  =  true,   //是否需要编译成静态的html文件
'suffix_cache' =  '.html',  //设置编译文件的后缀
'cache_time'  =  7200,   //设置多长时间自动更新
'php_turn'  =  true,   //设置是否支持php原生代码
'debug'     =  false,
);
public $file;         //模板文件名,不带路径
public $debug = array();     //调试信息
private $value = array();    //值栈
private $compileTool;      //编译器
private $controlData = array();
static private $instance = null;  //模板类对象
public function __construct($arrayConfig = array())
{
$this- debug['begin'] = microtime(true);
$this- arrayConfig = array_merge($this- arrayConfig, $arrayConfig);
$this- getPath();
if(!is_dir($this- arrayConfig['templateDir']))
{
exit("template dir isn't found!");
}
if(!is_dir($this- arrayConfig['compileDir']))
{
if(strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS,0,3)) === 'WIN')
{
mkdir($this- arrayConfig['compileDir']);
}
else
{
mkdir($this- arrayConfig['compileDir'], 0770, true);
}
}
include('Compile.class.php');
}
public function getPath()
{
$this- arrayConfig['templateDir'] = strstr(realpath($this- arrayConfig['templateDir']), '\\', '/').'/';
$this- arrayConfig['compileDir'] = strstr(realpath($this- arrayConfig['compileDir'])), '\\', '/').'/';
}
/**
* 取得模板引擎的实例
*/
public static function getInstance()
{
if(is_null(self::$instance))
{
self::$instance = new Template();
}
return self::$instance;
}
/**
* 单独设置引擎参数
* 也支持一次性设置多个参数
*/
public function setConfig($key, $value = null)
{
if(is_array($key))
{
$this- arrayConfig = $key + $this- arrayConfig;
}
else
{
$this- arrayConfig[$key] = $value;
}
}
/**
* 获取当前模板引擎配置，仅供调试使用
*/
public function getConfig($key = null)
{
if($key && array_key_exists($key, $this- arrayConfig))
{
return $this- arrayConfig[$key];
}
else
{
return $this- arrayConfig;
}
}
/**
* 注入单个变量
*/
public function assign($key, $value)
{
$this- value[$key] = $value;
}
/**
* 注入数组变量
*/
public function assignArray($array)
{
if(is_array($array))
{
foreach ($array as $k =  $v) {
$this- value[$k] = $v;
}
}
}
/**
* 获取模板的位置
* @return [type] [description]
*/
public function path()
{
return $this- arrayConfig['templateDir'].$this- file.$this- arrayConfig['suffix'];
}
/**
* 判断配置文件是否要求缓存
*/
public function needCache()
{
return $this- arrayConfig['cache_html'];
}
/**
* 判断是否需要缓存
*/
public function reCache($file)
{
$flag = false;
$cacheFile = $this- arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).$this- arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
if($this- arrayConfig['cache_html'] === true)
{
//需要缓存
$timeFlag = (time() - @filemtime($cacheFile)) < $this- arrayConfig['cache_time'] ? true : false;
if(is_file($cacheFile) && filesize($cacheFile)   1 && $timeFlag)
{
//缓存存在且未过期
$flag = true;
}
else
{
$flag = false;
}
}
return $flag;
}
/**
* 展示模板
*/
public function show($file)
{
$this- file = $file;
if(!is_file($this- path()))
{
exit('找不到对应的模板');
}
$compileFile = $this- arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).'.php';
$cacheFile = $this- arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).$this- arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
if($this- reCache($file) === false)
{
//如果需要缓存
$this- debug['cached'] = 'false';
$this- compileTool = new Compile($this- path(), $compileFile, $this- arrayConfig);
if($this- needCache())
{
ob_start();
}
extract($this- value, EXTR_OVERWRITE);
if(!is_file($compileFile) || fileatime($compileFile) < filemtime($this- path()))
{
$this- compileTool- value = $this- value;
$this- compileTool- compile();
include $compileFile;
}
else
{
include $compileFile;
}
if($this- needCache())
{
$message = ob_get_contents();
file_put_contents($cacheFile, $message);
}
}
else
{
readfile($cacheFile);
$this- debug['cached'] = 'true';
}
$this- debug['spend'] = microtime(true) - $this- debug['begin'];
$this- debug['count'] = count($this- value);
$this- debug_info();
}
public function debug_info()
{
if($this- arrayConfig['debug'] === true)
{
echo "<br/ ", '-------------------- debug_info--------------', "<br/ ";
echo '程序运行日期:', date("Y-m-d h:i:s"), "<br/ ";
echo '模板解析耗时:', $this- debug['spend'], '秒', "<br/ ";
echo '模板包含标签数目:', $this- debug['count'], "<br/ ";
echo '是否使用静态缓存:', $this- debug['cached'], "<br/ ";
echo '模板引擎实例参数:', var_dump($this- getConfig());
}
}
/**
* 清楚缓存的html文件
* @return [type] [description]
*/
public function clean()
{
if($path === null)
{
$path = $this- arrayConfig['compileDir'];
$path = glob($path.'* '.$this- arrayConfig['suffix_cache']);
}
else
{
$path = $this- arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($path).$this- arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
}
foreach ((array)$path as $v) {
unlink($v);
}
}
}

<?php
include 'Template.class.php';
$tpl = new Template(array('debug' =  true));
$tpl- assign('data', 'hello world');
$tpl- assign('person', 'htGod');
$tpl- assign('data1', 3);
$arr = array(1,2,3,4,'5',6);
$tpl- assign('b', $arr);
$tpl- show('member');