Gin 14

franket

发布于 2021-08-10 17:29:00

3440

发布于 2021-08-10 17:29:00

前言

Gin 是一款用 Go(Golang) 编写的 web 框架

Gin is a web framework written in Go (Golang). It features a martini-like API with much better performance, up to 40 times faster thanks to httprouter

因为 httprouter, 它提供了更高的性能

这里演示一下 Gin 的模型绑定 Multipart/Urlencoded binding

使用 model binding 来将请求中的数据绑定到一个 model 中，形成一个结构体

Gin 使用 go-playground/validator.v8 来对数据进行校验，详细标记可以参考 package validator

gin 的 API 可以参考　API REFFERENCE

Tip: 当前的版本为 Gin 1.2 和 Go 1.10 (但是实验环境下，Go没有使用最新的版本)

操作

系统环境

[root@h160 ~]# hostnamectl 
   Static hostname: h160
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: d46f9440d4be429ea66b726977adf233
           Boot ID: a0fc6a1b4f124e39a27866d4df0701fa
    Virtualization: kvm
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-862.2.3.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
[root@h160 ~]# ip a 
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:c9:c7:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 84363sec preferred_lft 84363sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fec9:c704/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:48:f4:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.56.160/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe48:f42c/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@h160 ~]# go version
go version go1.9.4 linux/amd64
[root@h160 ~]#

进入 GOPATH

[vagrant@h160 ~]$ echo $GOPATH
/vagrant/go
[vagrant@h160 ~]$ cd $GOPATH
[vagrant@h160 go]$ pwd
/vagrant/go
[vagrant@h160 go]$

代码注解

package main //指明此包为 main 包

import ( //使用这种方式导入多个包可以更为简洁
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin" //导入 gin 包
)

type LoginForm struct { //构建一个为 LoginForm 的结构体
	User     string `form:"user" binding:"required"`
	Password string `form:"password" binding:"required"`
}

func main() { // 一个main包中有且只有一个main 函数
	r := gin.Default()      //使用 gin.Default() 方法生成一个引擎实例,这个实例默认情况下已经将 Logger Recovery 进行了装载
	r.POST("/login", logIn) //POST方法都 匹配到 /login 后都交由 logIn 来处理
	r.Run(":8080")          //在 0.0.0.0:8080 上启监听
}

func logIn(c *gin.Context) { //构建一个 logIn 函数来处理请求
	var form LoginForm              //创建一个 form 的变量，类型为之前定义的 LoginForm
	if c.ShouldBind(&form) == nil { //如果绑定没有错误，就执行下面的操作
		if form.User == "abc" && form.Password == "123" { //判断其中的 User 和 Password
			c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"}) //匹配就输出这样的hash
		} else {
			c.JSON(401, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"}) // 不匹配就输出这样的hash
		}
	}
}

编译执行

[vagrant@h160 go]$ go run hello.go 
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Now Gin requires Go 1.6 or later and Go 1.7 will be required soon.

[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached.

[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production.
 - using env:	export GIN_MODE=release
 - using code:	gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)

[GIN-debug] POST   /login                    --> main.logIn (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080
[GIN] 2018/07/19 - 14:59:22 | 401 |      2.3244ms |  192.168.56.105 | POST     /login
[GIN] 2018/07/19 - 14:59:52 | 200 |     521.101µs |  192.168.56.105 | POST     /login
...
...
...

客户的请求为

[vagrant@h105 ~]$ curl -v --form user=user --form password=password http://192.168.56.160:8080/login
* About to connect() to 192.168.56.160 port 8080 (#0)
*   Trying 192.168.56.160...
* Connected to 192.168.56.160 (192.168.56.160) port 8080 (#0)
> POST /login HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: 192.168.56.160:8080
> Accept: */*
> Content-Length: 248
> Expect: 100-continue
> Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----------------------------993fe49e8be5
> 
< HTTP/1.1 100 Continue
< HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2018 14:59:22 GMT
< Content-Length: 25
* HTTP error before end of send, stop sending
< 
* Closing connection 0
{"status":"unauthorized"}[vagrant@h105 ~]$ 
[vagrant@h105 ~]$ 
[vagrant@h105 ~]$ 
[vagrant@h105 ~]$ curl -v --form user=abc --form password=123 http://192.168.56.160:8080/login
* About to connect() to 192.168.56.160 port 8080 (#0)
*   Trying 192.168.56.160...
* Connected to 192.168.56.160 (192.168.56.160) port 8080 (#0)
> POST /login HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: 192.168.56.160:8080
> Accept: */*
> Content-Length: 242
> Expect: 100-continue
> Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----------------------------cf6fe2cd88a2
> 
< HTTP/1.1 100 Continue
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2018 14:59:52 GMT
< Content-Length: 30
< 
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.56.160 left intact
{"status":"you are logged in"}[vagrant@h105 ~]$ 
[vagrant@h105 ~]$