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社区首页 >专栏 >[译] 苹果在 iOS 10.1 和 macOS 10.12 中使用了 Swift

[译] 苹果在 iOS 10.1 和 macOS 10.12 中使用了 Swift

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韦弦zhy
发布于 2021-12-24 15:05:16
1.5K0
发布于 2021-12-24 15:05:16
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文章被收录于专栏：韦弦的偶尔分享

Swift 是在 WWDC 2014 上发布的。Apple 的大部分示例代码项目现在都是用 Swift 编写的。但是 Apple 在 iOS 10.1 和 macOS 10.12.1 中使用 Swift 吗？

如何检测二进制文件是否正在使用 Swift？

一种天真的方法是检查应用程序的 Frameworks 文件夹中是否包含 Swift 库：libswiftCore.dylib, libswiftFoundation.dylib, ...

以下是 macOS 10.12.1 /System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/ 上 MRT.app 的 Frameworks 文件夹的内容：

但是，这不是一个好方法，因为 iOS 和 macOS 在 /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/ 中包含 Swift 库的私有副本。iOS 和 macOS 中的多个应用程序直接链接到这些系统库。

以下是 macOS 10.12.1 /System/Library/CoreServices/PIPAgent.app/Contents/Frameworks/ 上 PIPAgent.app 的 Frameworks 文件夹的内容：

更好的方法是检查二进制文件是否链接到 Swift 库。这可以通过otool使用 -L 选项的命令行工具轻松完成：

-L 显示目标文件使用的共享库的名称和版本号，如果文件是共享库，则显示共享库 ID。

在 PIPAgent 应用程序上运行此命令时：

代码语言：javascript
复制
otool -L /System/Library/CoreServices/PIPAgent.app/Contents/MacOS/PIPAgent | grep swift

你会得到以下输出：

代码语言：javascript
复制
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftAppKit.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCore.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreData.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreImage.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDarwin.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDispatch.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftFoundation.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftIOKit.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 800.8.18)

构建脚本

使用 otool 命令行工具，很容易编写一个 bash 函数来判断文件是否是链接到 Swift 库的二进制文件：

代码语言：javascript
复制
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function to check if a file (passed as argument $1) is using Swift
# It returns the number of occurrences of the string 'swift'
# from the output of otool
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
isFileUsingSwift ()
{
    otool -L $1 2>/dev/null | grep -o swift | wc -l
}

在processFilebash函数需要一个文件作为参数，如果它连接到 Swift 库二进制，将打印路径：

代码语言：javascript
复制
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function to process a file (passed as argument $1).
# It calls the function isFileUsingSwift() to determine
# if this is a binary using Swift and in this case
# print the path of this file.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
processFile ()
{
    isFileUsingSwift=$( isFileUsingSwift $1 )
    if [ ${isFileUsingSwift} != 0 ]
    then
        # We found a binary using Swift
        echo "   $1"
    fi
}

循环遍历文件夹的所有文件现在是一行：

代码语言：javascript
复制
find ${PATH_TO_CHECK} -type f -exec bash -c 'processFile "$0"' {} \;

最终脚本

下面是完整的 bash 脚本，它循环遍历文件夹的所有文件并打印找到的所有使用 Swift 的二进制文件的路径。

注意：您可以在此处下载完整的脚本。

代码语言：javascript
复制
#!/bin/bash
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Bash script that loops through all the files of a folder and
# print the paths of all the binaries found that use Swift
# Created by Alexandre Colucci on 01.11.2016
# https://blog.timac.org/2016/1101-apples-use-of-swift-in-ios-10-1-and-macos-10-12
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Force expand a wildcard pattern into the list of matching pathnames
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
shopt -s nullglob
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function to print the usage
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
printUsage ()
{
    echo "Usage: detectSwift.sh PATH"
    echo "PATH: Folder to search for binaries using Swift"
    echo ""
    echo "Examples:"
    echo "  detectSwift.sh /System/Library"
    echo "  detectSwift.sh /System"
    echo "  detectSwift.sh /"
    echo ""
    echo "Note: run as root in order to avoid permission issues."
    echo ""
}
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function to check if a file (passed as argument $1) is using Swift
# It returns the number of occurrences of the string 'swift'
# from the output of otool
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
isFileUsingSwift ()
{
    otool -L $1 2>/dev/null | grep -o swift | wc -l
}
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function to process a file (passed as argument $1).
# It calls the function isFileUsingSwift() to determine
# if this is a binary using Swift and in this case
# print the path of this file.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
processFile ()
{
    isFileUsingSwift=$( isFileUsingSwift $1 )
    if [ ${isFileUsingSwift} != 0 ]
    then
        # We found a binary using Swift
        echo "   $1"
    fi
}
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check if the script was called with the expected usage
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
PARAMETER_NUMBER=$#
PARAMETER_REQUIRED=1
if [ $PARAMETER_NUMBER != $PARAMETER_REQUIRED ];
then
    printUsage
    exit 1
fi
 
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Get the folder path
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
PATH_TO_CHECK=$1
 
echo ""
echo "Start time:"
date
echo ""
echo "Apps using Swift in ${PATH_TO_CHECK}"
 
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Export the functions so that the subshell inherits them
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
export -f isFileUsingSwift
export -f processFile
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Find all the regular files in all subdirectories
# and call for each the function processFile()
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
find ${PATH_TO_CHECK} -type f -exec bash -c 'processFile "$0"' {} \;
 
 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Finalizing
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
echo ""
echo "Completed at:"
date
echo ""

运行脚本

脚本真的很慢：对于每个常规文件，它都会创建一个子shell，调用 otool、grep 和 wc。

在 iOS 10.1 文件系统上运行此脚本大约需要 30 分钟。

对于 macOS 10.12.1，在 / 上运行脚本需要几十个小时。我建议只在 /System、/Applications 和 /usr 上运行这个脚本。并行处理这 3 个文件夹大约需要 2 小时。

Apple 在 iOS 10.1 中使用 Swift

在 iPhone 7 Plus 的 iOS 10.1 (14B72c) 上运行脚本将为您提供以下二进制文件列表：

代码语言：javascript
复制
/Applications/Calculator.app/Calculator
/Applications/Music.app/Music
/Applications/Music.app/PlugIns/MusicMessagesApp.appex/MusicMessagesApp
/Applications/Music.app/PlugIns/RecentlyPlayedTodayExtension.appex/RecentlyPlayedTodayExtension
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/UpNextWidget.framework/PlugIns/UpNext.appex/UpNext

您将从 dyld 共享缓存中获得这些额外的二进制文件：

代码语言：javascript
复制
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/CoreKnowledge.framework/CoreKnowledge
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftAssetsLibrary.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftAVFoundation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCloudKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftContacts.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCore.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreAudio.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreBluetooth.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreData.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreImage.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreLocation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreMedia.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDarwin.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDispatch.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftEventKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftFoundation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGameKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGameplayKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGLKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftHomeKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftLocalAuthentication.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftMultipeerConnectivity.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftPassKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftRemoteMirror.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSceneKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftsimd.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSpriteKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSwiftOnoneSupport.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftUIKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftWatchConnectivity.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftWatchKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftWebKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/UpNextWidget.framework/UpNextWidget

请注意，除了 Calculator.app 不可用之外，您将为 iPad 获得类似的输出。

Apple 在 macOS 10.12.1 中使用 Swift

在 macOS 10.12.1 上运行脚本将为您提供以下二进制文件列表：

代码语言：javascript
复制
/Applications/Utilities/Console.app/Contents/MacOS/Console
/usr/bin/swift
/usr/bin/swiftc
/usr/sbin/usernoted
/System/Library/CoreServices/Dock.app/Contents/MacOS/Dock
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftAppKit.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCore.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreData.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreImage.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftDarwin.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftDispatch.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftFoundation.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib
/System/Library/CoreServices/MRT.app/Contents/MacOS/MRT
/System/Library/CoreServices/NotificationCenter.app/Contents/MacOS/NotificationCenter
/System/Library/CoreServices/OSDUIHelper.app/Contents/MacOS/OSDUIHelper
/System/Library/CoreServices/PIPAgent.app/Contents/MacOS/PIPAgent
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftAppKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftAVFoundation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCloudKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftContacts.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCore.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreAudio.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreBluetooth.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreData.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreImage.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreLocation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftCoreMedia.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDarwin.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftDispatch.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftEventKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftFoundation.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGameKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGameplayKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftGLKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftIOKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftLocalAuthentication.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftMultipeerConnectivity.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftOpenCL.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftRemoteMirror.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSceneKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftsimd.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSpriteKit.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftSwiftOnoneSupport.dylib
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Swift/libswiftWebKit.dylib

请注意，您将在 Xcode 8.1 中获得很多匹配项。如果排除各种工具链和平台 SDK，您将获得：

代码语言：javascript
复制
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/IDEDocumentation.framework/Versions/A/IDEDocumentation
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftAppKit.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftAVFoundation.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCore.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreAudio.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreData.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreImage.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftCoreMedia.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftDarwin.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftDispatch.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftFoundation.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftIOKit.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftQuartzCore.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Frameworks/libswiftXPC.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDEDocViewer.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDEDocViewer
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDELanguageSupportUI.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDELanguageSupportUI
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDEQuickHelp.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDEQuickHelp
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/XcodeBuiltInExtensions.appex/Contents/MacOS/XcodeBuiltInExtensions
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DNTDocumentationModel.framework/Versions/A/DNTDocumentationModel
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DNTDocumentationSupport.framework/Versions/A/DNTDocumentationSupport
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DNTSourceKitSupport.framework/Versions/A/DNTSourceKitSupport
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DNTTransformer.framework/Versions/A/DNTTransformer
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DVTDocumentation.framework/Versions/A/DVTDocumentation
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/DVTMarkup.framework/Versions/A/DVTMarkup
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/LLDB.framework/Versions/A/Resources/repl_swift
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftCore.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftCoreGraphics.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftDarwin.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftDispatch.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftFoundation.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftIOKit.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/libswiftObjectiveC.dylib
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/SharedFrameworks/SourceKit.framework/Versions/A/SourceKit

结论

Apple 在 iOS 10.1 和 macOS 10.12.1 中对 Swift 的使用极其有限。

在 iOS 10.1 上，只有 2 个应用程序和 2 个使用 Swift 的私有框架：

  • 计算器（仅限 iPhone）
  • 音乐
  • UpNextWidget.framework
  • CoreKnowledge.framework

在 macOS 10.12.1 上，使用 Swift 的应用程序列表仅限于：

  • 控制台
  • swift
  • swiftc
  • 用户提示
  • 程序坞（Dock）
  • 捷径
  • 通知中心
  • OSDUIHelper
  • PIPAgent
  • Xcode

译自 Apple’s use of Swift in iOS 10.1 and macOS 10.12

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目录
  • 如何检测二进制文件是否正在使用 Swift？
  • 构建脚本
  • 最终脚本
  • 运行脚本
  • Apple 在 iOS 10.1 中使用 Swift
  • Apple 在 macOS 10.12.1 中使用 Swift
  • 结论
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