对于NoSQL类型的redis具有五种数据类型,如下:
下面来看看这五种数据类型的不同之处。
也就是说redis的存储类型 key(string
) -- value(string、hash、list、set、zet
)
示例图如下:
字符串类型是Redis中最为基础的数据存储类型,它在Redis中是二进制安全的,这便意味着该类型可以接受任何格式的数据,如JPEG图像数据或Json对象描述信息等。在Redis中字符串类型的Value最多可以容纳的数据长度是512M。
如果设置的键不存在则为添加,如果设置的键已经存在则修改
set key value ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name aron.li
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name
"aron.li"
# 继续给name设置fat.white,可以看到直接修改之前的值
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name fat.white
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name
"fat.white"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
setex key seconds value ”
name
,值为dufu
,过期时间为3
秒的数据127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setex name 3 dufu
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name
"dufu"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
mset key1 value1 key2 value2 ... ”
a1
==> 值为python
、键为a2
==> 值为java
、键为a3
==>值为c
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mset a1 python a2 java a3 c
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"python"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a2
"java"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a3
"c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
append key value ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"python"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> APPEND a1 "haha"
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"pythonhaha"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
get key ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a2
"java"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
mget key1 key2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget a1 a2 a3
1) "pythonhaha"
2) "java"
3) "c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
del key1 key2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget a1 a2 a3
1) "pythonhaha"
2) "java"
3) "c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> del a2 a3
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget a1 a2 a3
1) "pythonhaha"
2) (nil)
3) (nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
redis是基于key -- value 存储的 NoSQL 数据库,那么下面来看看关于key的键命令。
keys pattern ”
keys * ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> KEYS *
1) "name"
2) "a1"
3) "a2"
4) "a3"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
keys a* ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> KEYS a*
1) "a1"
2) "a2"
3) "a3"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
exists key1 ”
exists a1 ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists a1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists a2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists name
(integer) 1
## 查看不存在的a4键返回 0
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists a4
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
type key ”
type a1 ”
# 查看a1的value类型为string
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type a1
string
# 设置一个hash类型的value
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hset a5 name huangw
(integer) 1
# 查看a5 value的类型为 hash
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type a5
hash
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hget a5 name
"huangw"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
del key1 key2 ... ”
del a2 a3 ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget a1 a2 a3
1) "python"
2) "java"
3) "c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> del a2 a3
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget a1 a2 a3
1) "python"
2) (nil)
3) (nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
expire key seconds ”
expire a1 3 ”
# 获取当前a1的值
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"python"
# 设置a1的值3秒后过期
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> EXPIRE a1 3
(integer) 1
# 在3秒内查询a1的值
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"python"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
"python"
# 在3秒后查询a1的值以及value类型
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get a1
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type a1
none
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
ttl key ”
ttl bb ”
# 设置bb的值过期时间为10秒
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setex bb 10 bb
OK
# 查看bb的剩余有效时间
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 7
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) -2
# 查看过期后的值为nil
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get bb
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl bb
(integer) -2
hset key field value ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hset user name Aron.li
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hget user name
"Aron.li"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hmset key field1 value1 field2 value2 ... ”
例2:设置键user2的属性name为Aron.li、属性age为30
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hmset user2 name Aron.li age 30
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hget user2 name
"Aron.li"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hget user2 age
"30"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hmget user2 name age
1) "Aron.li"
2) "30"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hkeys key ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hkeys user2
1) "name"
2) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hget key field ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hget user2 name
"Aron.li"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hmget key field1 field2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hmget user2 name age
1) "Aron.li"
2) "30"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hvals key ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hvals user2
1) "Aron.li"
2) "30"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
hdel key field1 field2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hdel user2 age
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hkeys user2
1) "name"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> hvals user2
1) "Aron.li"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
lpush key value1 value2 ... ”
lpush a1 a b c ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> LPUSH a1 a b c
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush a1 a b c
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush a1 a b c
(integer) 9
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 3
1) "c"
2) "b"
3) "a"
4) "c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 6
1) "c"
2) "b"
3) "a"
4) "c"
5) "b"
6) "a"
7) "c"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 9
1) "c"
2) "b"
3) "a"
4) "c"
5) "b"
6) "a"
7) "c"
8) "b"
9) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
rpush key value1 value2 ... ”
rpush a1 0 1 ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> rpush a1 0 1
(integer) 11
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 20
1) "c"
2) "b"
3) "a"
4) "c"
5) "b"
6) "a"
7) "c"
8) "b"
9) "a"
10) "0"
11) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
linsert key before或after 现有元素 新元素 ”
linsert a1 before b 3 ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> linsert a1 before b 3
(integer) 12
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 20
1) "c"
2) "3" # 可以发现只会在第一个出现的b前面插入3
3) "b"
4) "a"
5) "c"
6) "b" # 第二个以及之后的b不会插入3
7) "a"
8) "c"
9) "b"
10) "a"
11) "0"
12) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
# 再执行一个从b插入数字3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> linsert a1 before b 3
(integer) 13
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 20
1) "c"
2) "3"
3) "3" # 发现第二次插入也是在第一个b中执行,后面的b是不会插入3的
4) "b"
5) "a"
6) "c"
7) "b"
8) "a"
9) "c"
10) "b"
11) "a"
12) "0"
13) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
lrange key start stop ”
lrange a1 0 -1 ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 -1
1) "c"
2) "3"
3) "3"
4) "b"
5) "a"
6) "c"
7) "b"
8) "a"
9) "c"
10) "b"
11) "a"
12) "0"
13) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
lset key index value ”
lset a 1 z ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lset a1 1 z
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a1 0 -1
1) "c"
2) "z" # 下标为1的位置已经改为z
3) "3"
4) "b"
5) "a"
6) "c"
7) "b"
8) "a"
9) "c"
10) "b"
11) "a"
12) "0"
13) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
将列表中前count次出现的值为value的元素移除
lrem key count value ”
lpush a2 a b a b a b ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush a2 a b a b a b
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a2 0 -1
1) "b"
2) "a"
3) "b"
4) "a"
5) "b"
6) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
lrem a2 -2 b ”
# 删除之前的数据
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a2 0 -1
1) "b"
2) "a"
3) "b"
4) "a"
5) "b"
6) "a"
# 从尾部开始删除两个b
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> LREM a2 -2 b
(integer) 2
# 删除后的数据
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a2 0 -1
1) "b"
2) "a"
3) "a"
4) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a2 0 -1
1) "b"
2) "a"
3) "a"
4) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrem a2 0 b
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrem a2 0 a
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange a2 0 -1
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
sadd key member1 member2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> sadd a3 zhangsan sili wangwu
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
smembers key ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> sadd a3 zhangsan sili wangwu
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> smembers a3
1) "wangwu"
2) "sili"
3) "zhangsan"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
srem key ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> smembers a3
1) "wangwu"
2) "sili"
3) "zhangsan"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> srem a3 wangwu
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> smembers a3
1) "sili"
2) "zhangsan"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zadd key score1 member1 score2 member2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zadd a4 4 lisi 5 wangwu 6 zhaoliu 3 zhangsan
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zrange key start stop ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zadd a4 4 lisi 5 wangwu 6 zhaoliu 3 zhangsan
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zrange a4 0 -1
1) "zhangsan"
2) "lisi"
3) "wangwu"
4) "zhaoliu"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zrangebyscore key min max ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zrangebyscore a4 5 6
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhaoliu"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zscore key member ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zscore a4 zhangsan
"3"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zscore a4 wangwu
"5"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zscore a4 zhaoliu
"6"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zrem key member1 member2 ... ”
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zrem a4 zhangsan
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZRANGE a4 0 -1
1) "lisi"
2) "wangwu"
3) "zhaoliu"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZREM a4 lisi
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZRANGE a4 0 -1
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhaoliu"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
zremrangebyscore key min max ”
# 查看权重在5、6之间的元素
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZRANGEBYSCORE a4 5 6
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhaoliu"
# 删除权重在5,6之间的元素
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZREMRANGEBYSCORE a4 5 6
(integer) 2
# 再查看权重在5,6之间的元素
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZRANGEBYSCORE a4 5 6
(empty list or set)
# 查看所有元素
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ZRANGE a4 0 -1
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>