安装CentOS后的基本配置
安装CentOS后的基本配置
1、网络配置
1.1 CentOS 6 1) vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.153.136 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.153.2(网关在虚拟机网络编辑器->NET设置中可以看到) DNS1=192.168.153.2 2) service network restart 3) ifconfig，查看IP是否配置好 4) ping www.baidu.com，验证是否可以访问外网
1.2 CentOS 7 1) vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777728 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.255.136 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.255.2 DNS1=192.168.255.2 2) service network restart（新命令：systemctl restart network.service） 3) 最小化安装时，没有ifconfig 4) ping www.baidu.com，验证是否可以访问外网
2、修改主机名
2.1 修改hosts
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
默认值值不要删除，添加一行
192.168.153.136 node1 2.2 修改hostname
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hostname
node1
2.3 重启
[root@localhost ~]#shutdown -r now
查看主机名是否改变
3、更改镜像源
3.1 安装wget
[root@node1 ~]#yum install -y wget
3.2 下载repo
[root@node1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
3.3 更新镜像源
[root@node1 ~]#yum clean all
[root@node1 ~]#yum makecache
3.4 测试
[root@node1 ~]#yum install -y vim
4、关闭防火墙和Selinux
4.1 CentOS6
[root@node1 ~]#chkconfig iptables off
[root@node1 ~]#vi /etc/selinux/config 修改：SELINUX=disabled
4.2 CentOS7
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service. [root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@node1 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
5、SSH无密钥配置
5.1 安装SSH
[root@node1 ~]#yum install -y openssh-clients
5.2 配置无密码登录
[root@cnode1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa Generating public/private dsa key pair. Created directory '/root/.ssh'. Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: cf:04:68:7d:57:0c:a0:3e:63:31:fa:53:66:72:0c:80 root@cnode1 The key's randomart image is: +--[ DSA 1024]----+ | .. ...o. | | E + . .. | | o B . . | | . o B . | | . S B | | o % | | o o | | . | | | +-----------------+ [root@cnode1 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
将公钥写到远程机器的 ~/ .ssh/authorized_key.文件中
[root@cnode0 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub vnode0 The authenticity of host 'vnode0 (192.168.1.180)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 3d:7a:15:7e:bc:79:63:33:b9:a9:3d:5b:3c:53:16:78. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys root@vnode0's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'vnode0'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. [root@cnode0 ~]# ssh vnode0 Last login: Mon Mar 6 03:15:45 2017 from east81 [root@vnode0 ~]# exit logout Connection to vnode0 closed. [root@cnode0 ~]#
6、安装JDK
6.1 卸载旧的JDK [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep jdk [root@node1 ~]#yum -y remove java java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.4.el6.x86_64 [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep java [root@node1 ~]#yum -y remove java tzdata-java-2015e-1.el6.noarch [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep gcj
6.2 配置新JDK [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/java [root@node1 ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u112-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/java [root@node1 ~]# cd /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/ [root@node1 jdk1.8.0_112]# pwd /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112 6.3 配置环境变量
[root@node1 ~]#vim /etc/profile
#set Java Path export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_101 export CLASSPATH=.:CLASSPATH:JAVA_HOME/lib export PATH=PATH:JAVA_HOME/bin [root@node1 ~]# source /etc/profile [root@node1 ~]# java -version
重启，再次运行 java -version，检测Java环境变量是否配置好？
6.4 可能存在的问题
针对CentOS7，在 /etc/profile配置全局环境变量可能会失效，一个解决的办法就是在 /etc/bashrc中配置
[root@node1 ~]# source /etc/bashrc #set java path export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_112 export CLASSPATH=.:CLASSPATH:JAVA_HOME/lib export PATH=PATH:JAVA_HOME/bin [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/bashrc [root@node1 ~]# java -version
以下为按照ambari做准备
7、安装ntp
[root@cnode1 ~]# yum install -y ntp
[root@cnode1 ~]# systemctl enable ntpd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service. [root@cnode1 ~]# systemctl start ntpd
[root@cnode1 ~]# echo umask 0022 >> /etc/profile