Oracle树查询

create table tb_menu(
  id number(10) not null, 
  title varchar2(50), 
  parent number(10)
);

--父菜单
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(1, '父菜单1',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(2, '父菜单2',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(3, '父菜单3',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(4, '父菜单4',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(5, '父菜单5',null);
--一级菜单
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(6, '一级菜单6',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(7, '一级菜单7',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(8, '一级菜单8',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(9, '一级菜单9',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(10, '一级菜单10',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(11, '一级菜单11',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(12, '一级菜单12',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(13, '一级菜单13',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(14, '一级菜单14',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(15, '一级菜单15',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(16, '一级菜单16',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(17, '一级菜单17',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(18, '一级菜单18',5);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(19, '一级菜单19',5);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(20, '一级菜单20',5);
--二级菜单
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(21, '二级菜单21',6);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(22, '二级菜单22',6);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(23, '二级菜单23',7);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(24, '二级菜单24',7);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(25, '二级菜单25',8);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(26, '二级菜单26',9);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(27, '二级菜单27',10);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(28, '二级菜单28',11);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(29, '二级菜单29',12);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(30, '二级菜单30',13);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(31, '二级菜单31',14);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(32, '二级菜单32',15);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(33, '二级菜单33',16);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(34, '二级菜单34',17);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(35, '二级菜单35',18);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(36, '二级菜单36',19);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(37, '二级菜单37',20);
--三级菜单
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(38, '三级菜单38',21);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(39, '三级菜单39',22);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(40, '三级菜单40',23);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(41, '三级菜单41',24);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(42, '三级菜单42',25);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(43, '三级菜单43',26);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(44, '三级菜单44',27);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(45, '三级菜单45',28);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(46, '三级菜单46',28);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(47, '三级菜单47',29);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(48, '三级菜单48',30);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(49, '三级菜单49',31);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(50, '三级菜单50',31);
commit;

         1
     /   |   \
    6    7    8
  /   \    ...
21    22
|     |
38    39

select * from tb_menu m 
start with m.id=6 
connect by m.parent=prior m.id;

        ID TITLE                                                  PARENT
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
         6 一级菜单6                                                    1
        21 二级菜单21                                                   6
        38 三级菜单38                                                  21
        22 二级菜单22                                                   6
        39 三级菜单39                                                  22

         1
     /   |   \
    6    7    8
  /   \    ...
21    22 <-----------只能查询出21和22节点
|     |
38    39

select * from tb_menu m 
start with m.id=38 
connect by prior m.parent=m.id;

        ID TITLE                                                  PARENT
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
        38 三级菜单38                                                  21
        21 二级菜单21                                                   6
         6 一级菜单6                                                    1
         1 父菜单1   

         1
     /   |   \
    6    7    8
  /   \    ...
21    22
|     |
38    39