python GuiMaker 菜单封装 工具

def __init__(self, parent=None):
    Frame.__init__(self, parent)
    self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)        # make frame stretchable
    self.start()                            # for subclass: set menu/toolBar
    self.makeMenuBar()                      # done here: build menu bar
    self.makeToolBar()                      # done here: build toolbar
    self.makeWidgets()                      # for subclass: add middle part

def makeMenuBar(self):
    """
    make menu bar at the top (Tk8.0 menus below)
    expand=no, fill=x so same width on resize
    """
    menubar = Frame(self, relief=RAISED, bd=2)
    menubar.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)

    for (name, key, items) in self.menuBar:
        mbutton  = Menubutton(menubar, text=name, underline=key)
        mbutton.pack(side=LEFT)
        pulldown = Menu(mbutton)
        self.addMenuItems(pulldown, items)
        mbutton.config(menu=pulldown)

    if self.helpButton:
        Button(menubar, text    = 'Help',
                        cursor  = 'gumby',
                        relief  = FLAT,
                        command = self.help).pack(side=RIGHT)

def addMenuItems(self, menu, items):
    for item in items:                     # scan nested items list
        if item == 'separator':            # string: add separator
            menu.add_separator({})
        elif type(item) == list:           # list: disabled item list
            for num in item:
                menu.entryconfig(num, state=DISABLED)
        elif type(item[2]) != list:
            menu.add_command(label     = item[0],         # command:
                             underline = item[1],         # add command
                             command   = item[2])         # cmd=callable
        else:
            pullover = Menu(menu)
            self.addMenuItems(pullover, item[2])          # sublist:
            menu.add_cascade(label     = item[0],         # make submenu
                             underline = item[1],         # add cascade
                             menu      = pullover)

def makeToolBar(self):
    """
    make button bar at bottom, if any
    expand=no, fill=x so same width on resize
    this could support images too: see Chapter 9,
    would need prebuilt gifs or PIL for thumbnails
    """
    if self.toolBar:
        toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
        toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
        for (name, action, where) in self.toolBar:
            Button(toolbar, text=name, command=action).pack(where)

def makeWidgets(self):
    """
    make 'middle' part last, so menu/toolbar
    is always on top/bottom and clipped last;
    override this default, pack middle any side;
    for grid: grid middle part in a packed frame
    """
    name = Label(self,
                 width=40, height=10,
                 relief=SUNKEN, bg='white',
                 text   = self.__class__.__name__,
                 cursor = 'crosshair')
    name.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH, side=TOP)

def help(self):
    "override me in subclass"
    showinfo('Help', 'Sorry, no help for ' + self.__class__.__name__)

def start(self):
    "override me in subclass: set menu/toolbar with self"
    pass

    for (name, key, items) in self.menuBar:
        pulldown = Menu(menubar)
        self.addMenuItems(pulldown, items)
        menubar.add_cascade(label=name, underline=key, menu=pulldown)

    if self.helpButton:
        if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
            menubar.add_command(label='Help', command=self.help)
        else:
            pulldown = Menu(menubar)  # Linux needs real pull down
            pulldown.add_command(label='About', command=self.help)
            menubar.add_cascade(label='Help', menu=pulldown)

menuBar = [
    ('File', 0,
        [('Open',  0, lambda:0),         # lambda:0 is a no-op
         ('Quit',  0, sys.exit)]),       # use sys, no self here
    ('Edit', 0,
        [('Cut',   0, lambda:0),
         ('Paste', 0, lambda:0)]) ]
toolBar = [('Quit', sys.exit, {'side': LEFT})]

class TestAppFrameMenu(GuiMixin, GuiMakerFrameMenu):
    def start(self):
        self.menuBar = menuBar
        self.toolBar = toolBar

class TestAppWindowMenu(GuiMixin, GuiMakerWindowMenu):
    def start(self):
        self.menuBar = menuBar
        self.toolBar = toolBar

class TestAppWindowMenuBasic(GuiMakerWindowMenu):
    def start(self):
        self.menuBar = menuBar
        self.toolBar = toolBar    # guimaker help, not guimixin

root = Tk()
TestAppFrameMenu(Toplevel())
TestAppWindowMenu(Toplevel())
TestAppWindowMenuBasic(root)
root.mainloop()

    self.menuBar = [                               # a tree: 3 pull downs
      ('File', 0,                                  # (pull-down)
          [('New...',  0, spawnme), 
           ('Open...', 0, self.fileOpen),          # [menu items list]
           ('Quit',    0, self.quit)]              # label,underline,action
      ),

      ('Edit', 0,
          [('Cut',    -1, self.notdone),           # no underline|action
           ('Paste',  -1, self.notdone),           # lambda:0 works too
           'separator',                            # add a separator
           ('Stuff',  -1,
               [('Clone', -1, self.clone),         # cascaded submenu
                ('More',  -1, self.more)]
           ),
           ('Delete', -1, lambda:0),
           [5]]                                    # disable 'delete'
      ),

      ('Play', 0,
          [('Hello',     0, self.greeting),
           ('Popup...',  0, self.dialog),
           ('Demos',     0,
              [('Toplevels', 0,
                   lambda: self.spawn(r'..\Tour\toplevel2.py')),
               ('Frames',    0,
                   lambda: self.spawn(r'..\Tour\demoAll-frm-ridge.py')),
               ('Images',    0,
                   lambda: self.spawn(r'..\Tour\buttonpics.py')),
               ('Alarm',     0,
                   lambda: self.spawn(r'..\Tour\alarm.py', wait=False)),
               ('Other...', -1, self.pickDemo)]
           )]
      )]

    self.toolBar = [                                     # add 3 buttons
      ('Quit',  self.quit,     dict(side=RIGHT)),        # or {'side': RIGHT}
      ('Hello', self.greeting, dict(side=LEFT)), 
      ('Popup', self.dialog,   dict(side=LEFT, expand=YES)) ]

def makeWidgets(self):                                   # override default
    middle = Label(self, text='Hello maker world!',      # middle of window 
                   width=40, height=10, 
                   relief=SUNKEN, cursor='pencil', bg='white')
    middle.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)

def greeting(self):
    self.hellos += 1
    if self.hellos % 3:
        print("hi")
    else:
        self.infobox("Three", 'HELLO!')    # on every third press

def dialog(self):
    button = self.question('OOPS!',
                           'You typed "rm*" ... continue?',  # old style
                           'questhead', ('yes', 'no'))       # args ignored
    [lambda: None, self.quit][button]()

def fileOpen(self):
    pick = self.selectOpenFile(file='big_gui.py')
    if pick:
        self.browser(pick)     # browse my source file, or other

def more(self):
    new = Toplevel()
    Label(new,  text='A new non-modal window').pack()
    Button(new, text='Quit', command=self.quit).pack(side=LEFT)
    Button(new, text='More', command=self.more).pack(side=RIGHT)

def pickDemo(self):
    pick = self.selectOpenFile(dir='..')
    if pick:
        self.spawn(pick)    # spawn any Python program