HttpClient-Get请求、Post请求

wangmcn

发布于 2022-07-25 17:10:14

2.2K0

发布于 2022-07-25 17:10:14

文章被收录于专栏：AllTests软件测试

Get请求、Post请求

1.1、无参数

1、创建Get类。

没有参数，直接发送请求链接地址。

Get方法，创建HttpGet对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Get请求（没有参数）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Get {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
              // 创建HttpGet对象
              HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8083/getdemo");
              // 执行Get请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();

       }
      
}

2、运行结果：

1.2、有参数（拼接方式）

1、创建Get2类。

有参数，请求链接为url（http://localhost:8083/getdemo2）

与参数（?username=admin&password=123456）拼接方式。

Get方法，创建HttpGet对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Get请求（有参数，请求为url与参数拼接方式）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Get2 {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
              // 创建HttpGet对象
              HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8083/getdemo2?username=admin&password=123456");
              // 执行Get请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();
             
       }
      
}

2、运行结果：

1.3、有参数（添加参数）

1、创建Get3类。

创建NameValuePair数组，添加参数。

Get方法，创建HttpGet对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Get请求（有参数，添加参数）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Get3 {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
             
              // url
              String url = "http://localhost:8083/getdemo2";
              // 添加参数
              Listparams = new ArrayList();
              params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "admin"));
              params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));
              // 转换为键值对
              String str = EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, Consts.UTF_8));

              // 创建HttpGet对象
              HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url+"?"+str);
              // 执行Get请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();
      
       }
      
}

2、运行结果：

2、Post请求

2.1、无参数

1、创建Post类。

没有参数，直接发送请求链接地址。

Post方法，创建HttpPost对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Post请求（没有参数）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Post {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
              // 创建HttpPost对象
              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8083/postdemo");
              // 执行Post请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();
             
       }

}

2、运行结果：

2.2、有参数（StringEntity对象添加参数）

1、创建Post2类。

创建StringEntity对象，设置参数。

Post方法，创建HttpPost对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Post请求（有参数，创建StringEntity对象，设置参数）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Post2 {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
              // 创建HttpPost对象
              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8083/postdemo2");
             
              // 创建StringEntity对象，设置参数
              StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity("username=admin&password=123456", "UTF-8");
              stringEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
              httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
             
              // 执行Post请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();

       }

}

2、运行结果：

2.3、有参数（Map集合对象添加参数）

1、创建Post3类。

创建Map集合对象，添加参数。

Post方法，创建HttpPost对象。

脚本代码：

package com.test.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Post请求（有参数，创建集合对象，添加参数）
 *
 * @author wangmcn
 *
 */
public class Post3 {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

              // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
              CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
              // 创建HttpPost对象
              HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8083/postdemo2");
             
              // 创建集合对象，添加参数
              Mapmaps = new HashMap();
              maps.put("username", "admin");
              maps.put("password", "123456");

              // 创建参数队列
              ListnameValuePairs = new ArrayList();
              for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
                     nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, maps.get(key)));
              }
              httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8"));

              // 执行Post请求
              CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
              // 获取响应状态
              System.out.println("获取响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
              // 获取返回实体
              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
              // 获取网页源码
              System.out.println("获取网页源码：" + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));
              // 获取响应内容类型
              System.out.println("获取响应内容类型：" + entity.getContentType().getValue());
              // 关闭流和释放系统资源
              response.close();
              // 关闭客户端
              httpclient.close();

       }

}

2、运行结果：