什么是总线
在微服务架构的系统中,通常会使用轻量级的消息代理来构建一个共用的消息主题,并让系统中所有微服务实例都连接上来。由于该主题中产生的消息会被所有实例监听和消费,所以称它为消息总线。在总线上的各个实例,都可以方便地广播一些需要让其他连接在该主题上的实例都知道的消息。
基本原理
ConfigClient实例都监听MQ中同一个topic(默认是Spring Cloud Bus)。当一个服务刷新数据的时候,它会把这个信息放入到Topic中,这样其它监听同一Topic的服务就能得到通知,然后去更新自身的配置。
[root@localhost java]# rabbitmq-server start &
http://192.168.174.131:15672/#/
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId>
<groupId>com.ssm.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-config-client-3366</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--添加消息总线RabbitMQ支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
bootstrap.yml
server:
port: 3366
spring:
application:
name: config-client
cloud:
#Config客户端配置
config:
label: main #分支名称
name: config #配置文件名称
profile: dev #读取后缀名称 上述3个综合:master分支上config-dev.yml的配置文件被读取http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
uri: http://localhost:3344 #配置中心地址
#rabbitmq相关配置 15672是Web管理界面的端口;5672是MQ访问的端口
# rabbitmq:
# host: 192.168.174.131
# port: 15672
# username: admin
# password: 密码
#服务注册到eureka地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
# 暴露监控端点
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
ConfigClientController
@RestController
@RefreshScope
public class ConfigClientController
{
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@Value("${config.info}")
private String configInfo;
@GetMapping("/configInfo")
public String configInfo()
{
return "serverPort: "+serverPort+"\t\n\n configInfo: "+configInfo;
}
}
ConfigClientMain3366
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientMain3366
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientMain3366.class,args);
}
}
给cloud-config-center-3344配置中心服务端添加消息总线支持
pom.xml
<!--添加消息总线RabbitNQ支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amap</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org-springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
bootstrap.yml
server:
port: 3344
spring:
application:
name: cloud-config-center #注册进Eureka服务器的微服务名
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
uri: git@github.com:zzyybs/springcloud-config.git #GitHub上面的git仓库名字
####搜索目录
search-paths:
- springcloud-config
####读取分支
label: master
#rabbitmq相关配置<--------------------------
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
#服务注册到eureka地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
##rabbitmq相关配置,暴露bus刷新配置的端点<--------------------------
management:
endpoints: #暴露bus刷新配置的端点
web:
exposure:
include: 'bus-refresh'
1.利用消息总线触发一个客户端/bus/refresh,而刷新所有客户端的配置
2.利用消息总线触发一个服务端ConfigServer的/bus/refresh端点,而刷新所有客户端的配置
图二的架构显然更加适合,图—不适合的原因如下:
打破了微服务的职责单一性,因为微服务本身是业务模块,它本不应该承担配置刷新的职责。
破坏了微服务各节点的对等性。
有一定的局限性。例如,微服务在迁移时,它的网络地址常常会发生变化,此时如果想要做到自动刷新,那就会增加更多的修改。
给cloud-config-center-3344配置中心服务端添加消息总线支持
pom.xml
<!--添加消息总线RabbitNQ支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amap</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org-springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml
server:
port: 3344
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
spring:
application:
name: cloud-config-center
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
uri: git@github.com:shaoshaossm/springcloud-config.git
search-paths:
- springcloud-config
label: main
# 切记这个一定要开,要不然报405
bus:
refresh:
enabled: true
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.174.131
port: 5672
username: admin
password: 密码
#暴露端点
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: 'bus-refresh'
给cloud-config-client-3355客户端添加消息总线支持
pom.xml
<!--添加消息总线RabbitNQ支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amap</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org-springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
bootstrap.yml
server:
port: 3355
spring:
application:
name: config-client
cloud:
#Config客户端配置
config:
label: main #分支名称
name: config #配置文件名称
profile: dev #读取后缀名称 上述3个综合:master分支上config-dev.yml的配置文件被读取http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
uri: http://localhost:3344 #配置中心地址k
bus:
refresh:
enabled: true
#rabbitmq相关配置 15672是Web管理界面的端口;5672是MQ访问的端口<----------------------
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.174.131
port: 5672
username: admin
password: 密码
#服务注册到eureka地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
# 暴露监控端点
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
给cloud-config-client-3366客户端添加消息总线支持
pom.xml
<!--添加消息总线RabbitNQ支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amap</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org-springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
bootstrap.yml
server:
port: 3366
spring:
application:
name: config-client
cloud:
#Config客户端配置
config:
label: main #分支名称
name: config #配置文件名称
profile: dev #读取后缀名称 上述3个综合:master分支上config-dev.yml的配置文件被读取http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
uri: http://localhost:3344 #配置中心地址
bus:
refresh:
enabled: true
#rabbitmq相关配置 15672是Web管理界面的端口;5672是MQ访问的端口<-----------------------
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.174.131
port: 5672
username: admin
password: 密码
#服务注册到eureka地址
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
# 暴露监控端点
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
测试
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh"
—次修改,广播通知,处处生效
指定具体某一个实例生效而不是全部
公式:http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh/{destination}
/bus/refresh请求不再发送到具体的服务实例上,而是发给config server通过destination参数类指定需要更新配置的服务或实例
案例
我们这里以刷新运行在3355端口上的config-client(配置文件中设定的应用名称)为例,只通知3355,不通知3366
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh/config-client:3355