导出在知乎上赞过的所有答案和文章

爬虫技术学习

发布于 2023-03-06 14:40:13

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发布于 2023-03-06 14:40:13

引子和规划

周末的时候反思了下自己，感觉日常总是好奇新知识，而没有把看过的老知识彻底学会。所以决定停止接受外部知识一段时间，整理下以前看过，但是还一知半解的文章。想来想去，感觉需要把所有收藏的文章整合一下，然后做一个本地的知识搜索系统。大概有以下几个来源：

- 知乎
  - 赞过的答案 done
  - 回答
  - 收藏
  - 想法
- 微信收藏
  - 收藏的链接
- Pocket
  - 收藏的链接
- 浏览器
  - 书签
  - 浏览记录
- StackOverflow
  - 赞过的问题
  - 赞过的回答
  - 收藏的问题
- GitHub
  - Star 的库
  - 参与过的讨论

所以，第一步是先把知乎赞过的回答和文章都导出到本地。后续其他的站点再慢慢写。

查找知乎的 API

不得不说，知乎的 API 设计还是挺好的，贴合 RESTful 但又不强行 RESTful。总体也非常规整，没有什么奇葩的地方。知乎上没有单独的赞过的回答这个 API，而是在个人的 timeline 中。打开个人主页，比如我的：zhihu.com/people/kongyi。然后 Cmd+Opt+I 审查元素，随便往下滚动一点，找到请求：

知乎 API

可以看到 API 是：

https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/moments/kongyifei/activities?limit=7&sdesktop=true

把这个请求通过浏览器的 copy as curl 右键菜单复制出来，然后到 curl2py 这个网站直接转换成 Python 请求。

编写脚本

最后，我们把刚刚那个请求简单扩充一下，编写一个脚本遍历：

"""
This script download all my activities from zhihu. The main reason is to see what I have upvoted is useful
"""


import json
import sqlite3
import time
from datetime import datetime

import requests

headers = {
    "x-api-version": "3.0.40",
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11_2_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4389.90 Safari/537.36",
    "x-requested-with": "fetch",
    "sec-ch-ua": '"Google Chrome";v="89", "Chromium";v="89", ";Not A Brand";v="99"',
    "accept": "*/*",
    "referer": "https://www.zhihu.com/people/kongyifei",
    "accept-language": "en,zh-CN;q=0.9,zh-TW;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7",
    "cookie": '这里需要自己的 Cookie',
}


ended = False
url = "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/moments/kongyifei/activities?limit=7&desktop=true"
db = sqlite3.connect("zhihu.db")
c = db.cursor()
c.execute(
    """create table if not exists upvoted_answers (
    id integer primary key,
    time_upvoted datetime,
    author text,
    author_url text,
    comment_count integer,
    voteup_count integer,
    question text,
    answer text,
    url text,
    topic_ids text,
    time_created datetime,
    time_updated datetime
    );
    """
)

c.execute(
    """create table if not exists upvoted_articles (
    id integer primary key,
    time_upvoted datetime,
    author text,
    author_url text,
    comment_count integer,
    voteup_count integer,
    title text,
    content text,
    url text,
    image_url text,
    time_created datetime,
    time_updated datetime
    );
    """
)


while not ended:
    print(url)
    try:
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers,)
        data = response.json()
    except Exception:
        print("connection blocked, wait for a few seconds...")
        time.sleep(5)
        continue
    ended = data["paging"]["is_end"]
    url = data["paging"].get("next", "")
    time.sleep(0.5)
    for item in data["data"]:
        if item["action_text"] not in ["赞同了回答", "赞同了文章"]:
            continue
        if item["action_text"] == "赞同了回答":
            upvote = dict(
                time_upvoted=item["created_time"],
                author=item["target"]["author"].get("name"),
                author_url="https://zhihu.com/people/" + item["target"]["author"].get("id", ""),
                comment_count=item["target"]["comment_count"],
                voteup_count=item["target"]["voteup_count"],
                question=item["target"]["question"]["title"],
                answer=item["target"]["content"],
                url="https://zhihu.com/question/%s/answer/%s"
                % (item["target"]["question"]["id"], item["target"]["id"]),
                topic_ids=json.dumps(item["target"]["question"]["bound_topic_ids"]),
                time_created=item["target"]["created_time"],
                time_updated=item["target"]["updated_time"]
            )

            c.execute(
                "insert into upvoted_answers"
                "(time_upvoted, author, author_url, comment_count, question, "
                "answer, url, voteup_count, topic_ids, time_created, time_updated)"
                "values"
                "(:time_upvoted, :author, :author_url, :comment_count, :question, "
                ":answer, :url, :voteup_count, :topic_ids, :time_created, :time_updated)",
                upvote,
            )
            print(
                datetime.fromtimestamp(upvote["time_upvoted"]).strftime("%Y-%m-%d"),
                upvote["question"],
            )
        elif item["action_text"] == "赞同了文章":
            upvote = dict(
                time_upvoted=item["created_time"],
                author=item["target"]["author"].get("name"),
                author_url="https://zhihu.com/people/" + item["target"]["author"].get("id", ""),
                comment_count=item["target"]["comment_count"],
                voteup_count=item["target"]["voteup_count"],
                title=item["target"]["title"],
                content=item["target"]["content"],
                url=item["target"]["url"],
                image_url=item["target"]["image_url"],
                time_created=item["target"]["created"],
                time_updated=item["target"]["updated"]
            )

            c.execute(
                "insert into upvoted_articles"
                "(time_upvoted, author, author_url, comment_count, title, content, "
                "url, voteup_count, image_url, time_created, time_updated)"
                "values"
                "(:time_upvoted, :author, :author_url, :comment_count, :title, :content, "
                ":url, :voteup_count, :image_url, :time_created, :time_updated)",
                upvote,
            )
            print(
                datetime.fromtimestamp(upvote["time_upvoted"]).strftime("%Y-%m-%d"),
                upvote["title"],
            )
        db.commit()

print("All set!")