Windows设备信息获取：（摄像头，声卡为例）Qt,WindowsAPI对比说明（2）

何其不顾四月天

发布于 2023-03-10 13:33:08

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发布于 2023-03-10 13:33:08

文章被收录于专栏：四月天的专栏

Windows设备信息获取：（摄像头，声卡为例）Qt,WindowsAPI对比说明

补充说明

补充说明

在上一篇文档中，文档末尾提到了，win10，win7兼容问题，QCamera未发现的问题，这里都做一下说明。

问题

QCameraInfo问题在QAudioDeviceInfo中，DeviceName（）直接打印，即

foreach(const QAudioDeviceInfo &deviveInfo, QAudioDeviceInfo::availableDevices(QAudio::AudioInput))
    {
        qDebug() << "InputDeviceName:" << deviveInfo.deviceName();
    }

打印结果。

InputDeviceName: "立体声混音 (Realtek High Definition Audio)"

在QCamerInfo中，打印结果如下

QList<QCameraInfo> cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();   
    foreach(const QCameraInfo &cameraInfo, cameras) {
        qDebug() << "CameraInfo:-deviceName()" <<cameraInfo.deviceName();
    }

打印的是设备路径，不是我们想要的设备名称，后来我去看官方文档说明：

CameraInfo:-deviceName() "@device:pnp:\\\\?\\usb#vid_046d&pid_0843&mi_00#6&86ea809&0&0000#{65e8773d-8f56-11d0-a3b9-00a0c9223196}\\global"

说明如下：返回的是摄像头的驱动名称，这是唯一的机器可识别的ID号，和是人类不能识别的。

**QString QCameraInfo::deviceName() const**

Returns the device name of the camera
This is a unique ID to identify the camera and may not be human-readable.

后来继续看文档，看到一个这函数 description()，返回的是人类可识别的描述。

QString QCameraInfo::description() const
Returns the human-readable description of the camera.

后将几个函数打印出来看。

QList<QCameraInfo> cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();   
    foreach(const QCameraInfo &cameraInfo, cameras) {
        qDebug() << "CameraInfo:-description()" << cameraInfo.description();
        qDebug() << "CameraInfo:-deviceName()" <<cameraInfo.deviceName();
        qDebug() << "CameraInfo:-defaultCamera()" <<cameraInfo.defaultCamera();
    }

打印结果如下：

  CameraInfo:-description() "Logitech Webcam C930e"
  CameraInfo:-deviceName() "@device:pnp:\\\\?\\usb#vid_046d&pid_0843&mi_00#6&86ea809&0&0000#{65e8773d-8f56-11d0-a3b9-00a0c9223196}\\global"
  CameraInfo:-defaultCamera()  "QCameraInfo(deviceName=@device:pnp:\\\\?\\usb#vid_046d&pid_0843&mi_00#6&86ea809&0&0000#{65e8773d-8f56-11d0-a3b9-00a0c9223196}\\global, position=UnspecifiedPosition, orientation=0)"

我然后去查看了一下QAudioDeviceInfo的文档说明 QAudioDeviceInfo::deviceName()，说到，这个函数，返回音频驱动，人类可识别的名称。

QString QAudioDeviceInfo::deviceName() const
Returns the human readable name of the audio device.
Device names vary depending on the platform/audio plugin being used.
They are a unique string identifier for the audio device.
eg. default, Intel, U0x46d0x9a4

QT摄像头相关信息获取（分辨率，图像格式）

捎带，又看了一下其他函数。摄像头驱动名称已经拿到，还有摄像头支持图像格式，分辨率函数如下：

    QList<QSize> mResSize = {};//分辨率List 定义
    QList<QCameraInfo> cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();   
    foreach(const QCameraInfo &cameraInfo, cameras) {
        qDebug() << "CameraInfo:-description()" << cameraInfo.description();
        QCamera mCamera(cameraInfo);
        mCamera.start();
        QList<QVideoFrame::PixelFormat> mList = mCamera.supportedViewfinderPixelFormats();//图像格式
        mResSize = mCamera.supportedViewfinderResolutions();
        foreach (QSize msize, mResSize) {
           qDebug()<<msize;
        }  //摄像头支持分辨率打印
        qDebug()<<mList[0]<<mList[1];
        mCamera.stop();
    }

Format_YUYV Format_Jpeg //图像格式
//分辨率如下
QSize(160, 120)
QSize(176, 144)
QSize(320, 180)
QSize(320, 240)
QSize(352, 288)
QSize(424, 240)
QSize(480, 270)
QSize(640, 360)
QSize(640, 480)
QSize(800, 448)
QSize(848, 480)
QSize(800, 600)
QSize(960, 540)
QSize(1024, 576)
QSize(1280, 720)
QSize(1600, 896)
QSize(1920, 1080)
QSize(2304, 1296)
QSize(2304, 1536)

相关功能函数：注意使用时，先打开摄像头，并且摄像头打开成功，才能获取到这些信息。

QList<QSize> QCamera::supportedViewfinderResolutions(const QCameraViewfinderSettings &settings = QCameraViewfinderSettings()) const

QList<QVideoFrame::PixelFormat> QCamera::supportedViewfinderPixelFormats(const QCameraViewfinderSettings &settings = QCameraViewfinderSettings()) const

其他函数还有。

QList<FrameRateRange> QCamera::supportedViewfinderFrameRateRanges(const QCameraViewfinderSettings &settings = QCameraViewfinderSettings()) const
QList<QCameraViewfinderSettings> QCamera::supportedViewfinderSettings(const QCameraViewfinderSettings &settings = QCameraViewfinderSettings()) const

WindowsAPI,win10，win7不兼容问题

HID，调用的时候，打印发现 Win10下，摄像头类为

Camera

Win7下，摄像头类为

Image

所以函数在识别的判断的时候，判断不到。音频类同理， QT库，我在win10下安装，编译的，在Win7下使用不了，同理。在调用windows底层API时，判断条件不一样，所以不兼容。 GUID，属性，随后测试结果给说明。

兼容代码

随后，写好之后贴上来。 /****更新/ 解决方案并不是代码原因而是一些依赖库的的问题，详细解决方案见下文。

解决方案

Qt 有一个官方打包依赖库文件的工具，windeployqt.exe，在 Qt bin 目录下，以我的为例。

C:\Qt\Qt5.8.0\5.8\msvc2013\bin

使用方法。

C:\Qt\Qt5.8.0\5.8\msvc2013\bin>windeployqt -h
Usage: windeployqt [options] [files]
Qt Deploy Tool 5.8.0

The simplest way to use windeployqt is to add the bin directory of your Qt
installation (e.g. <QT_DIR\bin>) to the PATH variable and then run:
  windeployqt <path-to-app-binary>
If ICU, ANGLE, etc. are not in the bin directory, they need to be in the PATH
variable. If your application uses Qt Quick, run:
  windeployqt --qmldir <path-to-app-qml-files> <path-to-app-binary>

Options:
  -?, -h, --help            Displays this help.
  -v, --version             Displays version information.
  --dir <directory>         Use directory instead of binary directory.
  --libdir <path>           Copy libraries to path.
  --plugindir <path>        Copy plugins to path.
  --debug                   Assume debug binaries.
  --release                 Assume release binaries.
  --pdb                     Deploy .pdb files (MSVC).
  --force                   Force updating files.
  --dry-run                 Simulation mode. Behave normally, but do not
                            copy/update any files.
  --no-plugins              Skip plugin deployment.
  --no-libraries            Skip library deployment.
  --qmldir <directory>      Scan for QML-imports starting from directory.
  --no-quick-import         Skip deployment of Qt Quick imports.
  --no-translations         Skip deployment of translations.
  --no-system-d3d-compiler  Skip deployment of the system D3D compiler.
  --compiler-runtime        Deploy compiler runtime (Desktop only).
  --no-compiler-runtime     Do not deploy compiler runtime (Desktop only).
  --webkit2                 Deployment of WebKit2 (web process).
  --no-webkit2              Skip deployment of WebKit2.
  --json                    Print to stdout in JSON format.
  --angle                   Force deployment of ANGLE.
  --no-angle                Disable deployment of ANGLE.
  --no-opengl-sw            Do not deploy the software rasterizer library.
  --list <option>           Print only the names of the files copied.
                            Available options:
                             source:   absolute path of the source files
                             target:   absolute path of the target files
                             relative: paths of the target files, relative
                                       to the target directory
                             mapping:  outputs the source and the relative
                                       target, suitable for use within an
                                       Appx mapping file
  --verbose <level>         Verbose level.

Qt libraries can be added by passing their name (-xml) or removed by passing
the name prepended by --no- (--no-xml). Available libraries:
bluetooth clucene concurrent core declarative designer designercomponents
enginio gui qthelp multimedia multimediawidgets multimediaquick network nfc
opengl positioning printsupport qml qmltooling quick quickparticles quickwidgets
script scripttools sensors serialport sql svg test webkit webkitwidgets
websockets widgets winextras xml xmlpatterns webenginecore webengine
webenginewidgets 3dcore 3drenderer 3dquick 3dquickrenderer 3dinput geoservices
webchannel texttospeech serialbus

简单的说，因为没有配置系统变量，所以需要进入 windeployqt.exe所在目录下，即

cd C:\Qt\Qt5.8.0\5.8\msvc2013\bin

打包命令如下：

windeployqt <path-to-app-binary>

即，你需要打包的exe全路径

windeployqt  /path/file.exe

运行结果，如下

C:\Qt\Qt5.8.0\5.8\msvc2013\bin>windeployqt E:\9-Pccamer\DesConsole\build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug\debug\app\file.exe
E:\9-Pccamer\DesConsole\build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug\debug\app\PCCamer.exe 32 bit, debug executable
Adding Qt5Svg for qsvgicond.dll
Skipping plugin qtvirtualkeyboardplugind.dll due to disabled dependencies.
Direct dependencies: Qt5Core Qt5Multimedia Qt5Widgets
All dependencies   : Qt5Core Qt5Gui Qt5Multimedia Qt5Network Qt5Widgets
To be deployed     : Qt5Core Qt5Gui Qt5Multimedia Qt5Network Qt5Svg Qt5Widgets
Warning: Cannot find Visual Studio installation directory, VCINSTALLDIR is not set.
Updating Qt5Cored.dll.
Updating Qt5Guid.dll.
Updating Qt5Multimediad.dll.
Updating Qt5Networkd.dll.
Updating Qt5Svgd.dll.
Updating Qt5Widgetsd.dll.
Updating libGLESV2d.dll.
Updating libEGLd.dll.
Updating D3Dcompiler_47.dll.
Updating opengl32sw.dll.
Patching Qt5Cored.dll...
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/audio.
Updating qtaudio_windowsd.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/bearer.
Updating qgenericbearerd.dll.
Updating qnativewifibearerd.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/iconengines.
Updating qsvgicond.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/imageformats.
Updating qgifd.dll.
Updating qicnsd.dll.
Updating qicod.dll.
Updating qjpegd.dll.
Updating qsvgd.dll.
Updating qtgad.dll.
Updating qtiffd.dll.
Updating qwbmpd.dll.
Updating qwebpd.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/mediaservice.
Updating dsengined.dll.
Updating qtmedia_audioengined.dll.
Updating wmfengined.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/platforms.
Updating qwindowsd.dll.
Creating directory E:/9-Pccamer/DesConsole/build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug/debug/app/playlistformats.
Updating qtmultimedia_m3ud.dll.
Creating E:\9-Pccamer\DesConsole\build-DesConsole-Desktop_Qt_5_8_0_MSVC2013_32bit-Debug\debug\app\translations...
Creating qt_ca.qm...
Creating qt_cs.qm...
Creating qt_de.qm...
Creating qt_en.qm...
Creating qt_fi.qm...
Creating qt_fr.qm...
Creating qt_he.qm...
Creating qt_hu.qm...
Creating qt_it.qm...
Creating qt_ja.qm...
Creating qt_ko.qm...
Creating qt_lv.qm...
Creating qt_pl.qm...
Creating qt_ru.qm...
Creating qt_sk.qm...
Creating qt_uk.qm...

打包完的目录结构如下。

即可打包完成，不兼容问题，就这样解决了。

其他相关

从目录结构上来看，可能其他系统不兼容的问题，是由于，audio，mediaservice,imageformats,playlistformats几个目录下的文件缺失导致的。建议，也算个人经验吧，以后打包Qt可执行程序时尽量使用官方打包软件。

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