ASM数据文件和OS文件系统互相转移方法总结（移动或重命名数据文件）
ASM数据文件和OS文件系统互相转移方法总结（移动或重命名数据文件）
小麦苗DBA宝典
发布于 2023-04-26 12:04:54
发布于 2023-04-26 12:04:54
说明
本blog介绍了各种asm数据文件和filesystem文件之间的转换方法，有的记录了过程，有的没有记录过程只记录了相关代码，大家若有兴趣可以自行测试。
主要采用set newname、convert datafile、dbms_file_transfer.copy_file、backup as copy datafile、alter database rename file这几种办法。
本次测试的表空间、磁盘组和os文件关系如下，文档中不再说明：
表空间名 | 磁盘组 | filesystem文件 |
|---|---|---|
testdg | +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ | /home/oracle/ |
用的数据库环境：
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.3.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
SQL>
os–>asm
rman + set newname+ open状态
run{
crosscheck backup;
sql 'alter tablespace testdg offline immediate';
set newname for datafile 14 to'+DATA';
restore tablespace testdg;
switch datafile 14;
recover tablespace testdg;
sql 'alter tablespace testdg online';
}
示例：
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ more b.sql
run{
sql 'alter tablespace testdg offline immediate';
set newname for datafile 14 to'+DATA';
restore tablespace testdg;
switch datafile 14;
recover tablespace testdg;
sql 'alter tablespace testdg online';
}
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jan 13 12:14:43 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLASM (DBID=3424884828)
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** /home/oracle/test1.dbf
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN> @/home/oracle/b.sql
RMAN> run{
2> sql 'alter tablespace testdg offline immediate';
3> set newname for datafile 14 to'+DATA';
4> restore tablespace testdg;
5> switch datafile 14;
6> recover tablespace testdg;
7> sql 'alter tablespace testdg online';
8> }
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter tablespace testdg offline immediate
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 13-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=14 device type=DISK
creating datafile file number=14 name=+DATA
restore not done; all files read only, offline, or already restored
Finished restore at 13-JAN-15
datafile 14 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=868882494 file name=+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868882493
Starting recover at 13-JAN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 13-JAN-15
sql statement: alter tablespace testdg online
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868882493
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN>
rman+backup as copy+mount状态
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
backup as copy datafile 14 format '+DATA';
}
SWITCH TABLESPACE testdg TO COPY;
alter database open;
示例：
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
backup as copy datafile 14 format '+DATA';
}
SWITCH TABLESPACE testdg TO COPY;
alter database open;
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jan 13 15:00:19 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLASM (DBID=3424884828)
RMAN> report schema;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN> @/home/oracle/h.sql
RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> backup as copy datafile 14 format '+DATA';
5> }
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 375828480 bytes
Fixed Size 2228464 bytes
Variable Size 268439312 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 4497408 bytes
Starting backup at 13-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=399 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00014 name=/home/oracle/testdg.dbf
output file name=+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868892465 tag=TAG20150113T150104 RECID=35 STAMP=868892465
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 13-JAN-15
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/oracle_bk/orclasm/control_c-3424884828-20150113-09.bak comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
RMAN> SWITCH TABLESPACE testdg TO COPY;
datafile 14 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868892465"
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868892465
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN>
dbms_file_transfer（推荐）
create directory asmsrc as'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/';
create directory osdesc as '/home/oracle/';
alter tablespace testdg offline;
exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('osdesc','testdg.dbf','ASMSRC','testdg.dbf');
alter database rename file '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf' to '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
RMAN convert（推荐）
rman下：
convert datafile '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf' format '+DATA';
必须为归档模式，否则会报错：ORA-19602: cannot backup or copy active file in NOARCHIVELOG mode
sql 下：
alter tablespace testdg offline ;
alter tablespace testdg rename datafile '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf' to '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.284.868895277';
recover datafile 14;
alter tablespace testdg online;
cp命令
11g的asm实例可以直接使用cp命令来实现，从asm实例的cp帮助信息上看，已经可以直接从本地数据库直接cp到远端数据库了！
alter tablespace testdg offline;
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cp /home/oracle/testdg.dbf /home/grid/testdg.dbf
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# chown grid:oinstall /home/grid/testdg.dbf
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# su - grid
ASMCMD> cp /home/grid/testdg.dbf +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf
copying /home/grid/testdg.dbf -> +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf
ASMCMD>
alter database rename file '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf' to '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
asm–>os
dbms_file_transfer实现
create directory asmsrc as'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/';
create directory osdesc as '/home/oracle/';
alter tablespace testdg offline;
exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASMSRC','testdg.282.868891371','osdesc','testdg.dbf');
alter database rename file'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868891371' to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
SQL下执行：
create directory asmsrc as'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/';
create directory osdesc as '/home/oracle/';
alter tablespace testdg offline;
exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASMSRC','testdg.282.868891371','osdesc','testdg.dbf');
alter database rename file'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868891371' to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
SQL> select name,status from v$datafile;
NAME STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145 SYSTEM
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868891371 ONLINE
SQL> edit f.sql
SQL> host more f.sql
create directory asmsrc as'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/';
create directory osdesc as '/home/oracle/';
alter tablespace testdg offline;
exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASMSRC','testdg.282.868891371','osdesc','testdg.dbf');
alter database rename file'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.282.868891371' to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
SQL>
SQL> @f.sql
Directory created.
Directory created.
Tablespace altered.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Database altered.
Tablespace altered.
SQL> set pagesize 9999 line 9999
SQL> col name format a100
SQL> select name ,status from v$datafile;
NAME STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145 SYSTEM
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075 ONLINE
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133 ONLINE
/home/oracle/testdg.dbf ONLINE
14 rows selected.
SQL>
rman + backup as copy
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
backup as copy datafile 14 format '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
}
switch tablespace testdg to copy;
alter database open;
示例：
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
backup as copy datafile 14 format '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
}
switch tablespace testdg to copy;
alter database open;
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jan 13 14:20:32 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLASM (DBID=3424884828)
RMAN> report schema;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.281.868889825
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN> @/home/oracle/e.sql
RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> backup as copy datafile 14 format '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
5> }
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 375828480 bytes
Fixed Size 2228464 bytes
Variable Size 268439312 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 4497408 bytes
Starting backup at 13-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=13 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00014 name=+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.281.868889825
output file name=/home/oracle/testdg.dbf tag=TAG20150113T142110 RECID=30 STAMP=868890071
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 13-JAN-15
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/oracle_bk/orclasm/control_c-3424884828-20150113-06.bak comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
RMAN> \*\*end-of-file\*\*
RMAN> switch tablespace testdg to copy;
datafile 14 switched to datafile copy "/home/oracle/testdg.dbf"
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN>
rman convert +open状态（推荐）
使用rman的convert命令来实现，同样适用于10g
rman下：
convert datafile '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219' format '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
sql下：
alter tablespace testdg offline ;
alter tablespace testdg rename datafile '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219' to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
recover datafile 14;
alter tablespace testdg online;
示例：
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jan 13 13:35:46 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLASM (DBID=3424884828)
RMAN> report schema;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN> convert datafile '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219' format '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
Starting conversion at target at 13-JAN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219
converted datafile=/home/oracle/testdg.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished conversion at target at 13-JAN-15
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/oracle_bk/orclasm/control_c-3424884828-20150113-04.bak comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 13-JAN-15
RMAN>
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ vi d.sql
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL\*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Jan 13 13:38:36 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> host more /home/oracle/d.sql
alter tablespace testdg offline ;
alter tablespace testdg rename datafile '+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.277.868887219' to '/home/oracle/testdg1.dbf';
recover datafile 14;
alter tablespace testdg online;
SQL> @/home/oracle/d.sql
Tablespace altered.
Tablespace altered.
Media recovery complete.
Tablespace altered.
SQL> set pagesize 9999
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
/home/oracle/testdg1.dbf
14 rows selected.
SQL>
rman + set newname + mount 状态
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
set newname for datafile 14 to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
restore datafile 14;
switch datafile 14;
recover datafile 14;
alter database open;
}
示例：
run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
set newname for datafile 14 to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
restore datafile 14;
switch datafile 14;
recover datafile 14;
alter database open;
}
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jan 13 13:58:39 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLASM (DBID=3424884828)
RMAN> report schema;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.279.868888623
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN> @/home/oracle/c.sql
RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> set newname for datafile 14 to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
5> restore datafile 14;
6> switch datafile 14;
7> recover datafile 14;
8> alter database open;
9> }
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 375828480 bytes
Fixed Size 2228464 bytes
Variable Size 268439312 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 4497408 bytes
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 13-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=13 device type=DISK
datafile 14 is already restored to file /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
restore not done; all files read only, offline, or already restored
Finished restore at 13-JAN-15
datafile 14 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=20 STAMP=868888765 file name=/home/oracle/testdg.dbf
Starting recover at 13-JAN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 13-JAN-15
database opened
RMAN> \*\*end-of-file\*\*
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCLASM
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 890 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
2 940 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
3 190 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
4 2676 USERS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
5 345 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
6 5 UNDOTBS2 *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs2.267.851204361
7 50 TBS_RC *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/tbs_rc.268.852116523
8 100 TS_LHR *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
9 1 ENCRYPTED_TS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
10 100 GOLDENGATE *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
11 50 APP1TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.274.866911939
12 50 APP2TBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.275.866912075
13 50 IDXTBS *** +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.276.866912133
14 2 TESTDG *** /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 237 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp.264.850260283
2 10 TEMP1 10 +DATA/orclasm/tempfile/temp1.270.853779297
RMAN>
cp命令
alter tablespace testdg offline;
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# su - grid
ASMCMD> cp +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf /home/grid/testdg.dbf
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf -> /home/grid/testdg.dbf
ASMCMD>
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cp /home/grid/testdg.dbf /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/testdg.dbf
alter database rename file'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/testdg.dbf' to '/home/oracle/testdg.dbf';
alter tablespace testdg online ;
12c的在线重命名（推荐）
参考：https://www.xmmup.com/zaioraclezhongruheyidonghuozhongmingmingshujuwenjian.html#fang_fa412c_xin_te_xing
总结
以上提供的各种办法各有优缺点，有的需要重启数据库，有的不需要，有的全在rman中执行，有的需要在sql下执行，大家需仔细领悟。
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原始发表：2022-11-19，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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