oblicubes包带你绘制立方体图

R语言数据分析指南

发布于 2023-08-18 13:41:11

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发布于 2023-08-18 13:41:11

文章被收录于专栏：R语言数据分析指南R语言数据分析指南

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❝本节来介绍一款R包「oblicubes」其主要作用是用于绘制立方体图，小编测试后发现颇有新意，下面来简单介绍一下。感兴趣的朋友欢迎分享转发，「更多详细内容请参考作者官方文档」 ❞

官方文档

❝https://trevorldavis.com/R/oblicubes/ ❞

安装R包

remotes::install_github("trevorld/oblicubes")
library(oblicubes)
library(tidyverse)
library(grid)
library(grDevices)

案例 1

angles <- c(135, 90, 45, 180, 45, 0, -135, -90, -45) # 创建角度向量
scales <- c(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5) # 创建缩放比例向量
mat <- matrix(c(1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1), nrow = 3, ncol = 3) # 创建一个3x3的矩阵
# 使用矩阵创建高度图的坐标数据
coords <- xyz_heightmap(mat, col = c("red", "yellow", "green"))
vp_x <- rep(1:3/3 - 1/6, 3) # 创建视口的x坐标
vp_y <- rep(3:1/3 - 1/6, each = 3) # 创建视口的y坐标

# 遍历每个视口
for (i in 1:9) {
  # 进入当前视口
  pushViewport(viewport(x=vp_x[i], y=vp_y[i], width=1/3, height=1/3))
  grid.rect(gp = gpar(lty = "dashed"))   # 绘制虚线矩形
  # 绘制倾斜的立方体
  grid.oblicubes(coords, width = 0.15, xo = 0.25, yo = 0.15,
                 angle = angles[i], scale = scales[i],
                 gp = gpar(lwd=4))
  
  # 根据索引i的不同添加角度或者缩放比例的文本
  if (i != 5)
    grid.text(paste("angle =", angles[i]), y=0.92, gp = gpar(cex = 1.2))
  else
    grid.text(paste("scale = 0"), y=0.92, gp = gpar(cex = 1.2))
  popViewport()   # 退出当前视口
}

绘制3D热图

data("volcano", package = "datasets") # 载入"volcano"数据集
# 使用高度图函数创建坐标数据
df <- xyz_heightmap(volcano, scale = 0.3, min = 1, solid = FALSE)

# 创建基于坐标数据的ggplot对象
g <- ggplot(df, aes(x, y, z = z, fill = raw)) +  
  geom_oblicuboids(light = FALSE) +  # 添加倾斜立方体的几何图层
  coord_fixed() +   # 设置坐标系为等比例缩放
  # 设置填充颜色的渐变
  scale_fill_gradientn(name = "Height (m)",
                       colours=terrain.colors(256)) +
  labs(x = "East (10m)", y = "North (10m)",
       title = "Maungawhau (`datasets::volcano`)")

# 绘制ggplot对象
plot(g)

数据清洗

df <- as.data.frame(datasets::Titanic) |> # 转换"Titanic"数据集为数据框
  # 过滤出年龄为"Child"且频数大于0的数据
  filter(Age == "Child", Freq > 0) |>
  group_by(Sex, Survived, Class) |>  # 按性别、是否幸存和船舱等级进行分组
  summarize(Freq = seq.int(sum(Freq)), .groups = "drop")   # 计算频数的序列

绘制3D条形图

ggplot(df, aes(x = Survived, y = Freq, fill = Survived)) +
  # 创建分面网格，按照船舱等级和性别进行分面
  facet_grid(cols = vars(Class, Sex)) +
  coord_fixed() +   # 设置坐标系为等比例缩放
  # 添加倾斜立方体的几何图层，设置y轴和z轴的偏移、角度和缩放比例
  geom_oblicubes(yoffset = -0.5, zoffset = -0.5, angle = -45, scale = 0.7) +
  # 设置填充颜色的手动映射
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("Yes" = "lightblue", "No" = "red")) +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = expansion(), name = "") +   # 设置y轴连续变量的扩展范围和名称
  scale_x_discrete(name = "", breaks = NULL) +
  labs(title = "Children on the Titanic (by ticket class)")+
  theme_bw()  # 设置主题为黑白