如何在 Python 测试脚本中访问需要登录的 GAE 服务

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow

# This OAuth 2.0 access scope allows for full read/write access.
SCOPE = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform"]

def main():
    """Creates and stores credentials in a local file.
    Returns:
        Credentials, the obtained credentials.
    """
    creds, _ = InstalledAppFlow.run_local_server(
        scopes=SCOPE, json_path='credentials.json')
    # Save the credentials for the next run
    with open('credentials.json', 'w') as token:
        token.write(creds.to_json())

    return creds

def get_creds():
    """Retrieves credentials from a file if they exist.
    Returns:
        Credentials, credentials retrieved from the file.
    """
    creds = None
    # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
    # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
    # time.
    if os.path.exists('credentials.json'):
        creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('credentials.json', SCOPE)
    # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
    if not creds or not creds.valid:
        if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
            creds.refresh(Request())
        else:
            creds = main()

    return creds

def make_request(url, creds):
    """Makes a GET request to the URL using credentials.
    Args:
        url: The URL to make the request to.
        creds: The credentials to use for the request.
    Returns:
        The response from the request.
    """
    session = RequestsSession()
    session.auth = creds
    response = session.get(url)
    return response

if __name__ == '__main__':
    creds = get_creds()
    response = make_request('https://example.com/', creds)
    print(f'Response: {response}')