反应釜控制系统：连续调节的“精”与离散联锁的“稳”必须分治

class PID:
    def __init__(self, kp, ti, td, out_min, out_max):
        self.kp, self.ti, self.td = kp, ti, td
        self.out_min, self.out_max = out_min, out_max
        self.integral = 0.0
        self.prev_pv = None

    def compute(self, sp, pv, dt):
        err = sp - pv
        # 微分先行：作用于测量值，避免设定值阶跃冲击
        deriv = 0.0 if self.prev_pv is None else -(pv - self.prev_pv) / dt * self.td
        unsat = self.kp * err + self.integral + deriv
        # 条件积分抗饱和
        if self.out_min < unsat < self.out_max:
            self.integral += self.kp / self.ti * err * dt
        self.prev_pv = pv
        return max(self.out_min, min(self.out_max, unsat))


class CascadeTempControl:
    """外环：釜温 -> 夹套温度设定值；内环：夹套温度 -> 阀门开度"""
    def __init__(self, outer: PID, inner: PID):
        self.outer, self.inner = outer, inner

    def step(self, t_reactor_sp, t_reactor_pv, t_jacket_pv, dt):
        t_jacket_sp = self.outer.compute(t_reactor_sp, t_reactor_pv, dt)
        valve = self.inner.compute(t_jacket_sp, t_jacket_pv, dt)
        return valve, t_jacket_sp

from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass
class InterlockSpec:
    temp_hh: float
    press_hh: float
    temp_h: float = None       # 高报警，仅提示
    press_h: float = None

def evaluate_interlock(spec: InterlockSpec, temp: float, press: float,
                       agitator_running: bool) -> dict:
    """返回联锁动作集。联锁判定不读取PID输出，也不依赖BPCS状态。"""
    actions = set()
    if temp >= spec.temp_hh or press >= spec.press_hh:
        actions.update({"close_feed", "close_heat_medium", "open_emergency_cooling"})
        if press >= spec.press_hh:
            actions.add("open_relief")
    # 搅拌故障是独立的联锁触发源，同样切断进料与热媒
    if not agitator_running:
        actions.update({"close_feed", "close_heat_medium"})
    return {"trip": bool(actions), "actions": actions}