Python -使用HTML将出现在另一个字符串中的给定列表中的字符串实例包围起来
Python -使用HTML将出现在另一个字符串中的给定列表中的字符串实例包围起来
提问于 2017-06-19 23:45:56
我已经编写了一个函数，它用一个具有给定属性的HTML元素来包围一个搜索词。其思想是将产生的包围字符串稍后写入日志文件，并突出显示搜索词。
def inject_html(needle, haystack, html_element="span", html_attrs={"class":"matched"}):
# Find all occurrences of a given string in some text
# Surround the occurrences with a HTML element and given HTML attributes
new_str = haystack
start_index = 0
while True:
try:
# Get the bounds
start = new_str.lower().index(needle.lower(), start_index)
end = start + len(needle)
# Needle is present, compose the HTML to inject
html_open = "<" + html_element + " " + " ".join(["%s=\"%s\""%(k,html_attrs[k]) for k in html_attrs]) + ">"
html_close = "</" + html_element + ">"
new_str = new_str[0:start] + html_open + new_str[start:end] + html_close + new_str[end:len(new_str)]
start_index = end + len(html_close) + len(html_open)
except ValueError as ex:
# String doesn't occur in text after index, break loop
break
return new_str我想打开它，接受一组针，在干草堆中用HTML定位和包围它们。我可以很容易地做到这一点，通过使用另一个循环来包围代码，该循环遍历针，定位和包围搜索词的实例。问题是，这并不能防止意外地包围以前注入的HTML代码。
def inject_html(needles, haystack, html_element="span", html_attrs={"class":"matched"}):
# Find all occurrences of a given string in some text
# Surround the occurrences with a HTML element and given HTML attributes
new_str = haystack
for needle in needles:
start_index = 0
while True:
try:
# Get the bounds
start = new_str.lower().index(needle.lower(), start_index)
end = start + len(needle)
# Needle is present, compose the HTML to inject
html_open = "<" + html_element + " " + " ".join(["%s=\"%s\""%(k,html_attrs[k]) for k in html_attrs]) + ">"
html_close = "</" + html_element + ">"
new_str = new_str[0:start] + html_open + new_str[start:end] + html_close + new_str[end:len(new_str)]
start_index = end + len(html_close) + len(html_open)
except ValueError as ex:
# String doesn't occur in text after index, break loop
break
return new_str
search_strings = ["foo", "pan", "test"]
haystack = "Foobar"
print(inject_html(search_strings,haystack))
<s<span class="matched">pan</span> class="matched">Foo</span>bar在第二次迭代中，代码搜索并包围上一次迭代中插入的"span“中的”span“文本。
您如何建议我将原来的函数更改为查找针的列表，而不会有将HTML注入到不需要的位置(例如在现有标记内)的风险。
更新--
我通过维护一个“免疫”范围的列表来解决这个问题(那些已经被HTML包围的区域，因此不需要再次检查。
def inject_html(needles, haystack, html_element="span", html_attrs={"class":"matched"}):
# Find all occurrences of a given string in some text
# Surround the occurrences with a HTML element and given HTML attributes
immune = []
new_str = haystack
for needle in needles:
next_index = 0
while True:
try:
# Get the bounds
start = new_str.lower().index(needle.lower(), next_index)
end = start + len(needle)
if not any([(x[0] > start and x[0] < end) or (x[1] > start and x[1] < end) for x in immune]):
# Needle is present, compose the HTML to inject
html_open = "<" + html_element + " " + " ".join(["%s=\"%s\""%(k,html_attrs[k]) for k in html_attrs]) + ">"
html_close = "</" + html_element + ">"
new_str = new_str[0:start] + html_open + new_str[start:end] + html_close + new_str[end:len(new_str)]
next_index = end + len(html_close) + len(html_open)
# Add the highlighted range (and HTML code) to the list of immune ranges
immune.append([start, next_index])
except ValueError as ex:
# String doesn't occur in text after index, break loop
break
return new_str虽然这不是特别的Pythonic式的，但我很有兴趣看看是否有人能想出一些更干净的东西。
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2018-08-09 04:27:16
我会使用类似这样的东西：
def inject_html(phrases, text_body, html_element_name="span", html_attrs={"class":"matched"}):
new_text_body = []
html_start_tag = "<" + html_element_name + " ".join(["%s=\"%s\""%(k,html_attrs[k]) for k in html_attrs]) + ">"
html_end_tag = "</" + html_element_name + ">"
text_body_lines = text_body.split("\n")
for line in text_body_lines:
for p in phrases:
if line.lower() == p.lower():
line = html_start_tag + p + html_end_tag
break
new_text_body.append(line)
return "\n".join(new_text_body)它逐行遍历并替换每一行，如果该行完全匹配(不区分大小写)。
第二轮：
由于要求匹配需要(1)不区分大小写，(2)匹配每行上的多个单词/短语，我将使用：
import re
def inject_html(phrases, text_body, html_element_name="span", html_attrs={"class": "matched"}):
html_start_tag = "<" + html_element_name + " " + " ".join(["%s=\"%s\"" % (k, html_attrs[k]) for k in html_attrs]) + ">"
html_end_tag = "</" + html_element_name + ">"
for p in phrases:
text_body = re.sub(r"({})".format(p), r"{}\1{}".format(html_start_tag, html_end_tag), text_body, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
return text_body对于每个提供的短语p，这将使用不区分大小写的re.sub()替换来替换所提供文本中该短语的所有实例。(p)通过正则表达式组匹配短语。\1是一个回填操作符，它匹配找到的短语，并将其包含在HTML标记中。
text = """
Somewhat more than forty years ago, Mr Baillie Fraser published a
lively and instructive volume under the title _A Winter’s Journey
(Tatar) from Constantinople to Teheran. Political complications
had arisen between Russia and Turkey - an old story, of which we are
witnessing a new version at the present time. The English government
deemed it urgently necessary to send out instructions to our
representatives at Constantinople and Teheran.
"""
new = inject_html(["TEHERAN", "Constantinople"], text)
print(new)
> Somewhat more than forty years ago, Mr Baillie Fraser published a lively and instructive volume under the title _A Winter’s Journey (Tatar) from <span class="matched">Constantinople</span> to <span class="matched">Teheran</span>. Political complications had arisen between Russia and Turkey - an old story, of which we are witnessing a new version at the present time. The English government deemed it urgently necessary to send out instructions to our representatives at <span class="matched">Constantinople</span> and <span class="matched">Teheran</span>.页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44634826
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