blocks|key|838313|text|现在我使用commons-lang中的org.apache.commons.lang3.CharEncoding.UTF_8常量。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|838314|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://commons.apache.org/lang/^0|J|17|5|C|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]]|D|@$9|Q|A|R|1|S]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]]]

Now I use <code>org.apache.commons.lang3.CharEncoding.UTF_8</code> constant from <a href="http://commons.apache.org/lang/">commons-lang</a>.

blocks|key|622483|text|Google+Guava库(如果你正在用Java语言工作，我强烈推荐它)有一个带有静态字段的Charsets类，比如Charsets.UTF_8、Charsets.UTF_16等。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|622484|从Java7开始，您应该只使用java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets来代替可比较的常量。|622485|请注意，这些常量不是字符串，它们是实际的Charset实例。所有接受字符集名称的标准API都有一个重载，该重载接受一个您应该使用的Charset对象。|622486|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/|1|https://google.github.io/guava/releases/20.0/api/docs/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html^0|1A|8|1M|E|21|F|0|C|0|1A|8|1|0|F|X|0|K|7|1T|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@$9|U|A|V|B|C]|$9|W|A|X|B|C]|$9|Y|A|Z|B|C]]|D|@$9|10|A|11|1|12]|$9|13|A|14|1|15]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|16|8|@$9|17|A|18|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|19|8|@$9|1A|A|1B|B|C]|$9|1C|A|1D|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]|R|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|S]]]]

The <a href="http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/" rel="noreferrer">Google Guava</a> library (which I'd highly recommend anyway, if you're doing work in Java) has a <a href="https://google.github.io/guava/releases/20.0/api/docs/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html" rel="noreferrer"><code>Charsets</code></a> class with static fields like <code>Charsets.UTF_8</code>, <code>Charsets.UTF_16</code>, etc.

Since Java 7 you should just use <code>java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets</code> instead for comparable constants.

Note that these constants aren't strings, they're actual <code>Charset</code> instances. All standard APIs that take a charset name also have an overload that take a <code>Charset</code> object which you should use instead.

blocks|key|838386|text|如果此页面出现在某人的web搜索中，从Java1.7开始，您现在可以使用java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets来访问标准字符集的常量定义。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|838387|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/nio/charset/StandardCharsets.html^0|10|X|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

In case this page comes up in someones web search, as of Java 1.7 you can now use <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/nio/charset/StandardCharsets.html">java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets</a> to get access to constant definitions of standard charsets.

blocks|key|622542|text|此常量可用(其中包括：UTF-16、US-ASCII等)在org.apache.commons.codec.CharEncoding类中也是如此。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|622543|entityMap^0|B|6|I|8|T|11|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]|$9|K|A|L|B|C]|$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

This constant is available (among others as: <code>UTF-16</code>, <code>US-ASCII</code>, etc.) in the class <code>org.apache.commons.codec.CharEncoding</code> as well.

blocks|key|838217|text|没有(至少在标准Java库中)。字符集因平台而异，因此在Java中没有标准的字符集列表。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|838218|有一些第三方库包含这些常量。其中之一是Guava+(谷歌核心库)：http://guava-libraries.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javadoc/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html|offset|length|838219|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://guava-libraries.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javadoc/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html^0|0|X|2K|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@$D|P|E|Q|1|R]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]]]

There are none (at least in the standard Java library). Character sets vary from platform to platform so there isn't a standard list of them in Java.

There are some 3rd party libraries which contain these constants though. One of these is Guava (Google core libraries): <a href="http://guava-libraries.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javadoc/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html">http://guava-libraries.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javadoc/com/google/common/base/Charsets.html</a>

blocks|key|622379|text|您可以使用Charset.defaultCharset()接口或file.encoding属性。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|622380|但是如果你想要你自己的常量，你需要自己定义它。|622381|entityMap^0|5|O|W|D|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@$9|K|A|L|B|C]|$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|I|$]]

You can use <code>Charset.defaultCharset()</code> API or <code>file.encoding</code> property.

But if you want your own constant, you'll need to define it yourself.

blocks|key|838562|text|在Java+1.7%2B中|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|838563|请不要使用"UTF-8“字符串，请使用Charset类型参数：|offset|length|style|CODE|838564|import+java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets

...

new+InputStreamReader(new+FileInputStream(file),+StandardCharsets.UTF_8);|code-block|syntax|javascript|838565|entityMap^0|0|J|7|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@$D|Q|E|R|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

In Java 1.7+

Do not use "UTF-8" string, instead use <code>Charset</code> type parameter:

<pre><code>import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets

...

new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
</code></pre>

blocks|key|622653|text|如果你使用的是OkHttp+for+Java/Android，你可以使用以下常量：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|622654|import+com.squareup.okhttp.internal.Util;

Util.UTF_8;+//+Charset
Util.UTF_8.name();+//+String|code-block|syntax|javascript|622655|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://square.github.io/okhttp/^0|7|6|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

If you are using <a href="http://square.github.io/okhttp/" rel="noreferrer">OkHttp</a> for Java/Android you can use the following constant:

<pre class="lang-java prettyprint-override"><code>import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.Util;

Util.UTF_8; // Charset
Util.UTF_8.name(); // String
</code></pre>

blocks|key|838524|text|标准的常量定义。这些字符集保证在Java平台的每个实现中都可用。从1.7开始|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|838525|+package+java.nio.charset;
+Charset+utf8+=+StandardCharsets.UTF_8;|code-block|syntax|javascript|838526|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Constant definitions for the standard. These
 charsets are guaranteed to be available on every implementation of the Java
 platform. since 1.7 

<pre><code> package java.nio.charset;
 Charset utf8 = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
</code></pre>

I'm trying to use a constant instead of a string literal in this piece of code:

<pre><code>new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), "UTF-8")
</code></pre>

<code>"UTF-8"</code> appears in the code rather often, and would be much better to refer to some <code>static final</code> variable instead. Do you know where I can find such a variable in JDK?

BTW, on a second thought, such constants are bad design: <a href="http://www.yegor256.com/2015/07/06/public-static-literals.html" rel="noreferrer">Public Static Literals ... Are Not a Solution for Data Duplication</a>

Where to get "UTF-8" string literal in Java?

在这段代码中，我尝试使用常量而不是字符串文字：new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), "UTF-8")"UTF-8"经常出现在代码中，最好是引用一些static final变量。您知道在JDK中哪里可以找到这样的变量吗？顺便说一句，转念一想，这样的常量是糟糕的设计：

问在Java中从哪里获取"UTF-8“字符串？
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