blocks|key|377077|text|您可以改用有序字典：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|377078|如下所示：|377079|$list+=+New-Object+System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary
$list.Add("Switzerland",+"Bern")
$list.Add("Spain",+"Madrid")
$list.Add("Italy",+"Rome")
$list.Add("Germany",+"Berlin")
$list|code-block|syntax|javascript|377080|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

You can use an ordered dictionary instead:

Like this:

<pre><code>$list = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary
$list.Add("Switzerland", "Bern")
$list.Add("Spain", "Madrid")
$list.Add("Italy", "Rome")
$list.Add("Germany", "Berlin")
$list
</code></pre>

blocks|key|377107|text|PowerShell+V1+/+V2中没有内置的解决方案。您将需要使用.NET+System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|377108|$order+=+New-Object+System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary
$order.Add("Switzerland",+"Bern")
$order.Add("Spain",+"Madrid")
$order.Add("Italy",+"Rome")
$order.Add("Germany",+"Berlin")


PS>+$order

Name+++++++++++++++++++++++++++Value
----+++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
Switzerland++++++++++++++++++++Bern
Spain++++++++++++++++++++++++++Madrid
Italy++++++++++++++++++++++++++Rome
Germany++++++++++++++++++++++++Berlin|code-block|syntax|javascript|377109|在PowerShell+V3中，您可以强制转换为ordered|377110|PS>+[ordered]@{"Switzerland"="Bern";+"Spain"="Madrid";+"Italy"="Rome";+"Germany"="Berlin"}

Name+++++++++++++++++++++++++++Value
----+++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
Switzerland++++++++++++++++++++Bern
Spain++++++++++++++++++++++++++Madrid
Italy++++++++++++++++++++++++++Rome
Germany++++++++++++++++++++++++Berlin|377111|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.collections.specialized.ordereddictionary^0|14|1C|14|1C|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]]]

There is no built-in solution in PowerShell V1 / V2. You will want to use the .NET
<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.collections.specialized.ordereddictionary" rel="noreferrer"><code>System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary</code></a>:

<pre><code>$order = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary
$order.Add("Switzerland", "Bern")
$order.Add("Spain", "Madrid")
$order.Add("Italy", "Rome")
$order.Add("Germany", "Berlin")


PS&gt; $order

Name Value
---- -----
Switzerland Bern
Spain Madrid
Italy Rome
Germany Berlin
</code></pre>

In PowerShell V3 you can cast to [ordered]:

<pre><code>PS&gt; [ordered]@{"Switzerland"="Bern"; "Spain"="Madrid"; "Italy"="Rome"; "Germany"="Berlin"}

Name Value
---- -----
Switzerland Bern
Spain Madrid
Italy Rome
Germany Berlin
</code></pre>

blocks|key|159241|text|PowerShell+1的方法是添加一个哈希表成员以保留添加顺序。不需要使用System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|159242|$Hash+=+New-Object+PSObject+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
$Hash+%7C+Add-Member+-MemberType+NoteProperty+-Name+key1+-Value+val1
$Hash+%7C+Add-Member+-MemberType+NoteProperty+-Name+key2+-Value+val2
$Hash+%7C+Add-Member+-MemberType+NoteProperty+-Name+key3+-Value+val3|code-block|syntax|javascript|159243|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

The PowerShell 1 way is to add a hashtable member to retain the add order. There is no need to use System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary:

<pre><code>$Hash = New-Object PSObject 
$Hash | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name key1 -Value val1
$Hash | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name key2 -Value val2
$Hash | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name key3 -Value val3
</code></pre>

blocks|key|377173|text|为了与旧的PowerShell版本兼容，您可以考虑使用以下cmdlet：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|377174|Function+Order-Keys+{
++++param(
++++++++[Parameter(Mandatory+=+$true,+ValueFromPipeline+=+$true)][HashTable]$HashTable,
++++++++[Parameter(Mandatory+=+$false,+Position+=+1)][ScriptBlock]$Function,
++++++++[Switch]$Descending
++++)
++++$Keys+=+$HashTable.Keys+%7C+ForEach+{$_}+#+Copy+HashTable+%2B+KeyCollection
++++For+($i+=+0;+$i+-lt+$Keys.Count+-+1;+$i%2B%2B)+{
++++++++For+($j+=+$i+%2B+1;+$j+-lt+$Keys.Count;+$j%2B%2B)+{
++++++++++++$a+=+$Keys[$i]
++++++++++++$b+=+$Keys[$j]
++++++++++++If+($Function+-is+"ScriptBlock")+{
++++++++++++++++$a+=+$HashTable[$a]+%7C+ForEach+$Function
++++++++++++++++$b+=+$HashTable[$b]+%7C+ForEach+$Function
++++++++++++}
++++++++++++If+($Descending)+{
++++++++++++++++$Swap+=+$a+-lt+$b
++++++++++++}
++++++++++++Else
++++++++++++{
++++++++++++++++$Swap+=+$a+-gt+$b
++++++++++++}
++++++++++++If+($Swap)+{
++++++++++++++++$Keys[$i],+$Keys[$j]+=+$Keys[$j],+$Keys[$i]
++++++++++++}
++++++++}
++++}
++++Return+$Keys
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|377175|此cmdlet返回按函数定义排序的键列表：|377176|按名称排序：|377177|$HashTable+%7C+Order-Keys+%7C+ForEach+{Write-Host+$_+$HashTable[$_]}
Germany+Berlin
Italy+Rome
Spain+Madrid
Switzerland+Bern|377178|按值排序：|377179|$HashTable+%7C+Order-Keys+{$_}+%7C+ForEach+{Write-Host+$_+$HashTable[$_]}
Germany+Berlin
Switzerland+Bern
Spain+Madrid
Italy+Rome|377180|您还可以考虑嵌套哈希表：|377181|$HashTable+=+@{
++++Switzerland+=+@{Order+=+1;+Capital+=+"Berne"}
++++Germany+++++=+@{Order+=+2;+Capital+=+"Berlin"}
++++Spain+++++++=+@{Order+=+3;+Capital+=+"Madrid"}
++++Italy+++++++=+@{Order+=+4;+Capital+=+"Rome"}
}|377182|例如，按(散列)排序属性排序并返回键(国家)：|377183|$HashTable+%7C+Order-Keys+{$_.Order}+%7C+ForEach+{$_}|377184|或按预定义的大写进行排序(降序)：|377185|$HashTable+%7C+Order-Keys+{$_.Capital}+-Descending+%7C+ForEach+{$_}|377186|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|D|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|D|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|D|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|D|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|D|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|12|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|13|$]]

For compatibility with older PowerShell versions you might consider this cmdlet:

<pre><code>Function Order-Keys {
 param(
 [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)][HashTable]$HashTable,
 [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, Position = 1)][ScriptBlock]$Function,
 [Switch]$Descending
 )
 $Keys = $HashTable.Keys | ForEach {$_} # Copy HashTable + KeyCollection
 For ($i = 0; $i -lt $Keys.Count - 1; $i++) {
 For ($j = $i + 1; $j -lt $Keys.Count; $j++) {
 $a = $Keys[$i]
 $b = $Keys[$j]
 If ($Function -is "ScriptBlock") {
 $a = $HashTable[$a] | ForEach $Function
 $b = $HashTable[$b] | ForEach $Function
 }
 If ($Descending) {
 $Swap = $a -lt $b
 }
 Else
 {
 $Swap = $a -gt $b
 }
 If ($Swap) {
 $Keys[$i], $Keys[$j] = $Keys[$j], $Keys[$i]
 }
 }
 }
 Return $Keys
}
</code></pre>

This cmdlet returns a list of keys ordered by the function definition:

Sort by name:

<pre><code>$HashTable | Order-Keys | ForEach {Write-Host $_ $HashTable[$_]}
Germany Berlin
Italy Rome
Spain Madrid
Switzerland Bern
</code></pre>

Sort by value:

<pre><code>$HashTable | Order-Keys {$_} | ForEach {Write-Host $_ $HashTable[$_]}
Germany Berlin
Switzerland Bern
Spain Madrid
Italy Rome
</code></pre>

You might also consider to nest hash tables:

<pre><code>$HashTable = @{
 Switzerland = @{Order = 1; Capital = "Berne"}
 Germany = @{Order = 2; Capital = "Berlin"}
 Spain = @{Order = 3; Capital = "Madrid"}
 Italy = @{Order = 4; Capital = "Rome"}
}
</code></pre>

E.g. sort by (hashed) order property and return the key (country):

<pre><code>$HashTable | Order-Keys {$_.Order} | ForEach {$_}
</code></pre>

Or sort (descending) by the predefined capital:

<pre><code>$HashTable | Order-Keys {$_.Capital} -Descending | ForEach {$_}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|377200|text|可以在添加元素时提供一个连续的键：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|377201|$hashtable+=+@{}
$hashtable[$hashtable.count]+=+@("Switzerland",+"Bern")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count]+=+@("Spain",+"Madrid")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count]+=+@("Italy",+"Rome")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count]+=+@("Germany",+"Berlin")
$hashtable|code-block|syntax|javascript|377202|然后，您可以获得按键排序的元素：|377203|echo+"`nHashtable+keeping+the+order+as+they+were+added"
foreach($item+in+$hashtable.getEnumerator()+%7C+Sort+Key)
{
++++$item
}|377204|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

You can give one sequential key as you add elements:

<pre><code>$hashtable = @{}
$hashtable[$hashtable.count] = @("Switzerland", "Bern")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count] = @("Spain", "Madrid")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count] = @("Italy", "Rome")
$hashtable[$hashtable.count] = @("Germany", "Berlin")
$hashtable
</code></pre>

Then, you can get elements sorted by the key:

<pre><code>echo "`nHashtable keeping the order as they were added"
foreach($item in $hashtable.getEnumerator() | Sort Key)
{
 $item
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|159319|text|function+global:sortDictionaryByKey([hashtable]$dictionary)
{
++++return+$dictionary.GetEnumerator()+%7C+sort+-Property+name;
}|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|159320|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>function global:sortDictionaryByKey([hashtable]$dictionary)
{
 return $dictionary.GetEnumerator() | sort -Property name;
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|159345|text|这是一个对我有效的简单例程。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|159346|function+sortedKeys([hashtable]$ht)+{
++$out+=+@()
++foreach($k+in+$ht.keys)+{
++++$out+%2B=+$k
++}
++[Array]::sort($out)
++return+,$out
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|159347|以及使用它的调用|159348|forEach($k+in+(&+sortedKeys+$ht))+{
++...
}|159349|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Here is a simple routine that works for me.

<pre><code>function sortedKeys([hashtable]$ht) {
 $out = @()
 foreach($k in $ht.keys) {
 $out += $k
 }
 [Array]::sort($out)
 return ,$out
}
</code></pre>

and the call to use it

<pre><code>forEach($k in (&amp; sortedKeys $ht)) {
 ...
}
</code></pre>

Is there a way to keep the order of keys in a hashtable as they were added? Like a push/pop mechanism.

Example:

<pre><code>$hashtable = @{}

$hashtable.Add("Switzerland", "Bern")
$hashtable.Add("Spain", "Madrid")
$hashtable.Add("Italy", "Rome")
$hashtable.Add("Germany", "Berlin")
$hashtable
</code></pre>

I want to retain the order in which I've added the elements to the hashtable.

Hashtables and key order

有没有办法在哈希表中保持键的添加顺序？就像一个推送/弹出机制。示例：$hashtable = @{}$hashtable.Add("Switzerland", "Bern")$hashtable.Add("Spain", "Madrid")$hashtable.Add("Italy", "Rome")$hashtabl...

问哈希表和键顺序
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