blocks|key|488918|text|初始化不正确，因为您需要转义反斜杠：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|488919|string+filename+=+"C:\\MyDirectory\\MyFile.bat";|code-block|syntax|javascript|488920|要解压缩目录，请执行以下操作：|488921|string+directory;
const+size_t+last_slash_idx+=+filename.rfind('\\');
if+(std::string::npos+!=+last_slash_idx)
{
++++directory+=+filename.substr(0,+last_slash_idx);
}|488922|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

The initialisation is incorrect as you need to escape the backslashes:

<pre><code>string filename = "C:\\MyDirectory\\MyFile.bat";
</code></pre>

To extract the directory if present:

<pre><code>string directory;
const size_t last_slash_idx = filename.rfind('\\');
if (std::string::npos != last_slash_idx)
{
 directory = filename.substr(0, last_slash_idx);
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|704706|text|MFC方式；|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|704707|#include+<afx.h>

CString+GetContainingFolder(CString+&file)
{
++++CFileFind+fileFind;
++++fileFind.FindFile(file);
++++fileFind.FindNextFile();
++++return+fileFind.GetRoot();
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|704708|或者，甚至更简单|704709|CString+path(L"C:\\my\\path\\document.txt");
path.Truncate(path.ReverseFind('\\'));|704710|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

The MFC way;

<pre><code>#include &lt;afx.h&gt;

CString GetContainingFolder(CString &amp;file)
{
 CFileFind fileFind;
 fileFind.FindFile(file);
 fileFind.FindNextFile();
 return fileFind.GetRoot();
}
</code></pre>

or, even simpler

<pre><code>CString path(L"C:\\my\\path\\document.txt");
path.Truncate(path.ReverseFind('\\'));
</code></pre>

blocks|key|704992|text|C%2B%2B17提供std::filesystem::path。它可能在中的C%2B%2B11中提供；链接到-lstdc%2B%2Bfs。注意:该函数不会验证路径是否存在；使用std::filesystem::status来确定文件类型(可能是filetype::notfound)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|704993|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/filesystem/path^0|7|L|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

C++17 provides <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/filesystem/path" rel="noreferrer">std::filesystem::path</a>. It may be available in C++11 in ; link with -lstdc++fs. Note the function does not validate the path exists; use std::filesystem::status to determine type of file (which may be filetype::notfound)

blocks|key|488981|text|您可以使用stdlib.h头部中提供的_spliltpath函数。请参考此链接以获取相同信息。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|488982|http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa273364%2528v=VS.60%2529.aspx|offset|length|488983|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa273364%2528v=VS.60%2529.aspx^0|0|0|1U|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@$D|P|E|Q|1|R]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]]]

You can use the _spliltpath function available in stdlib.h header. Please refer to this link for the same.

<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa273364%28v=VS.60%29.aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa273364%28v=VS.60%29.aspx</a>

blocks|key|489091|text|一个非常简单的跨平台解决方案(改编自适用于string::find_last_of的this+example+)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|489092|std::string+GetDirectory+(const+std::string&+path)
{
++++size_t+found+=+path.find_last_of("/\\");
++++return(path.substr(0,+found));
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|489093|这对于斜杠既可以是向后指向，也可以是向前指向(或混合)的两种情况都有效，因为它只查找字符串path中最后出现的两个斜杠。|489094|但是，我个人更喜欢使用Boost::Filesystem库来处理这样的操作。举个例子：|489095|std::string+GetDirectory+(const+std::string&+path)
{
++++boost::filesystem::path+p(path);
++++return(p.parent_path().string());
}|489096|但是，如果从字符串中获取目录路径是您唯一需要的功能，那么Boost可能有点夸张(特别是因为Boost::Filesystem是为数不多的不只是头文件的Boost库之一)。然而，AFIK，Boost::Filesystem已经被批准包含在TR2标准中，但可能直到C%2B%2B14或C%2B%2B17标准(可能是后者，基于this+answer)才能完全可用，因此根据您的编译器(当您阅读本文时)，您可能不再需要单独编译这些文件，因为它们可能已经包含在您的系统中了。例如，Visual+Studio2012已经可以使用一些TR2文件系统组件(根据this+post)，尽管我还没有尝试过，因为我还在使用Visual+Studio2010……|489097|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string/string/find_last_of/|1|https://stackoverflow.com/a/27820633|2|http://cpprocks.com/introduction-to-tr2-filesystem-library-in-vs2012/^0|L|K|16|C|0|0|0|19|4|0|0|0|48|B|1|7C|9|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|14|8|@$9|15|A|16|B|C]]|D|@$9|17|A|18|1|19]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|1A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1B|8|@$9|1C|A|1D|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|H|7|1F|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|D|@$9|1H|A|1I|1|1J]|$9|1K|A|1L|1|1M]]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]|10|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|11]]|12|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|13]]]]

A very simple cross-platform solution (as adapted from <a href="http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string/string/find_last_of/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this example</a> for <code>string::find_last_of</code>):

<pre><code>std::string GetDirectory (const std::string&amp; path)
{
 size_t found = path.find_last_of("/\\");
 return(path.substr(0, found));
}
</code></pre>

This works for both cases where the slashes can be either backward or forward pointing (or mixed), since it merely looks for the last occurrence of either in the string <code>path</code>.

However, my personal preference is using the Boost::Filesystem libraries to handle operations like this. An example:

<pre><code>std::string GetDirectory (const std::string&amp; path)
{
 boost::filesystem::path p(path);
 return(p.parent_path().string());
}
</code></pre>

Although, if getting the directory path from a string is the only functionality you need, then Boost might be a bit overkill (especially since Boost::Filesystem is one of the few Boost libraries that aren't header-only). However, AFIK, Boost::Filesystem had been approved to be included into the TR2 standard, but might not be fully available until the C++14 or C++17 standard (likely the latter, based on <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/27820633">this answer</a>), so depending on your compiler (and when you're reading this), you may not even need to compile these separately anymore since they might be included with your system already. For example, Visual Studio 2012 can already use some of the TR2 filesystem components (according to <a href="http://cpprocks.com/introduction-to-tr2-filesystem-library-in-vs2012/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this post</a>), though I haven't tried it since I'm still using Visual Studio 2010...

blocks|key|705011|text|既然是C%2B%2B17，你就可以使用std::filesystem::parent_path|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|705012|#include+<filesystem>
#include+<iostream>

int+main()+{
++++std::string+filename+=+"C:\\MyDirectory\\MyFile.bat";
++++std::string+directory+=+std::filesystem::path(filename).parent_path().u8string();
++++std::cout+<<+directory+<<+std::endl;
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|705013|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/filesystem/path/parent_path^0|F|S|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

Since C++17 you can use <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/filesystem/path/parent_path" rel="nofollow noreferrer">std::filesystem::parent_path</a>:
<pre class="lang-cpp prettyprint-override"><code>#include &lt;filesystem&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;

int main() {
 std::string filename = &quot;C:\\MyDirectory\\MyFile.bat&quot;;
 std::string directory = std::filesystem::path(filename).parent_path().u8string();
 std::cout &lt;&lt; directory &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|489163|text|这是正确的winapi解决方案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|489164|CString+csFolder+=+_T("c:\temp\file.ext");
PathRemoveFileSpec(csFolder.GetBuffer(0));
csFolder.ReleaseBuffer(-1);|code-block|syntax|javascript|489165|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

This is proper winapi solution:

<pre><code>CString csFolder = _T("c:\temp\file.ext");
PathRemoveFileSpec(csFolder.GetBuffer(0));
csFolder.ReleaseBuffer(-1);
</code></pre>

blocks|key|704746|text|甲虫之路)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|704747|#include<tchar.h>

int+GetDir(TCHAR+*fullPath,+TCHAR+*dir)+{
++++const+int+buffSize+=+1024;

++++TCHAR+buff[buffSize]+=+{0};
++++int+buffCounter+=+0;
++++int+dirSymbolCounter+=+0;

++++for+(int+i+=+0;+i+<+_tcslen(fullPath);+i%2B%2B)+{
++++++++if+(fullPath[i]+!=+L'\\')+{
++++++++++++if+(buffCounter+<+buffSize)+buff[buffCounter%2B%2B]+=+fullPath[i];
++++++++++++else+return+-1;
++++++++}+else+{
++++++++++++for+(int+i2+=+0;+i2+<+buffCounter;+i2%2B%2B)+{
++++++++++++++++dir[dirSymbolCounter%2B%2B]+=+buff[i2];
++++++++++++++++buff[i2]+=+0;
++++++++++++}

++++++++++++dir[dirSymbolCounter%2B%2B]+=+fullPath[i];
++++++++++++buffCounter+=+0;
++++++++}
++++}

++++return+dirSymbolCounter;
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|704748|使用：|704749|TCHAR+*path+=+L"C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe";
TCHAR++dir[1024]+=+{0};

GetDir(path,+dir);
wprintf(L"%25s\n%25s\n",+path,+dir);|704750|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

The way of Beetle)

<pre><code>#include&lt;tchar.h&gt;

int GetDir(TCHAR *fullPath, TCHAR *dir) {
 const int buffSize = 1024;

 TCHAR buff[buffSize] = {0};
 int buffCounter = 0;
 int dirSymbolCounter = 0;

 for (int i = 0; i &lt; _tcslen(fullPath); i++) {
 if (fullPath[i] != L'\\') {
 if (buffCounter &lt; buffSize) buff[buffCounter++] = fullPath[i];
 else return -1;
 } else {
 for (int i2 = 0; i2 &lt; buffCounter; i2++) {
 dir[dirSymbolCounter++] = buff[i2];
 buff[i2] = 0;
 }

 dir[dirSymbolCounter++] = fullPath[i];
 buffCounter = 0;
 }
 }

 return dirSymbolCounter;
}
</code></pre>

Using :

<pre><code>TCHAR *path = L"C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe";
TCHAR dir[1024] = {0};

GetDir(path, dir);
wprintf(L"%s\n%s\n", path, dir);
</code></pre>

blocks|key|489215|text|您可以简单地搜索最后一个"\“，然后剪切字符串：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|489216|string+filePath+=+"C:\MyDirectory\MyFile.bat"+
size_t+slash+=+filePath.find_last_of("\");
string+dirPath+=+(slash+!=+std::string::npos)+?+filePath.substr(0,+slash)+:+filePath;|code-block|syntax|javascript|489217|确保在Linux中搜索"/“而不是"\"：|489218|size_t+slash+=+filePath.find_last_of("/");|offset|length|style|CODE|489219|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|16|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|T|8|@$K|U|L|V|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

You can simply search the last "\" and then cut the string:

<pre><code>string filePath = "C:\MyDirectory\MyFile.bat" 
size_t slash = filePath.find_last_of("\");
string dirPath = (slash != std::string::npos) ? filePath.substr(0, slash) : filePath;
</code></pre>

make sure in Linux to search "/" instead of "\":

<code>size_t slash = filePath.find_last_of("/");</code>

blocks|key|705050|text|如果您有访问Qt的权限，也可以这样做：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|705051|std::string+getDirectory(const+std::string+&+file_path)
{
+++return+QFileInfo(QString(file_path)).absolutePath().toStdString();
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|705052|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

If you have access to Qt, you can also do it like this:
<pre><code>std::string getDirectory(const std::string &amp; file_path)
{
 return QFileInfo(QString(file_path)).absolutePath().toStdString();
}
</code></pre>

What is the simplest way to get the directory that a file is in? I'm using this to find the working directory.

<pre><code>string filename = "C:\MyDirectory\MyFile.bat" 
</code></pre>

In this example, I should get "C:\MyDirectory".

get directory from file path c++

Visual Studio

文件系统

编译器

Windows

Linux

获取文件所在目录的最简单方法是什么？我使用它来查找工作目录。string filename = "C:\MyDirectory\MyFile.bat" 在这个例子中，我应该得到"C:\MyDirectory“。

问从文件路径c++获取目录
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