blocks|key|860608|text|自从最初的答案被接受以来，已经过去了一段时间，现在有了更好的方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|860609|String+out+=+new+Scanner(new+URL("http://www.google.com").openStream(),+"UTF-8").useDelimiter("\\A").next();|code-block|syntax|javascript|860610|如果您想要一个稍微完整一点的实现，而不是一行，请执行以下操作：|860611|public+static+String+readStringFromURL(String+requestURL)+throws+IOException
{
++++try+(Scanner+scanner+=+new+Scanner(new+URL(requestURL).openStream(),
++++++++++++StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString()))
++++{
++++++++scanner.useDelimiter("\\A");
++++++++return+scanner.hasNext()+?+scanner.next()+:+"";
++++}
}|860612|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Now that some time has passed since the original answer was accepted, there's a better approach: 

<pre><code>String out = new Scanner(new URL("http://www.google.com").openStream(), "UTF-8").useDelimiter("\\A").next();
</code></pre>

If you want a slightly fuller implementation, which is not a single line, do this:

<pre><code>public static String readStringFromURL(String requestURL) throws IOException
{
 try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new URL(requestURL).openStream(),
 StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString()))
 {
 scanner.useDelimiter("\\A");
 return scanner.hasNext() ? scanner.next() : "";
 }
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|860629|text|或者只使用Apache+Commons+IOUtils.toString(URL+url)，或者也接受编码参数的变体。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|860630|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/javadocs/api-2.5/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.net.URL))^0|K|P|K|P|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]]|D|@$9|Q|A|R|1|S]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]]]

Or just use Apache Commons <a href="https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/javadocs/api-2.5/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.net.URL)" rel="noreferrer"><code>IOUtils.toString(URL url)</code></a>, or the variant that also accepts an encoding parameter.

blocks|key|860729|text|现在更多的时间已经过去了，下面是在Java+8中实现这一点的方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|860730|URLConnection+conn+=+url.openConnection();
try+(BufferedReader+reader+=+new+BufferedReader(new+InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),+StandardCharsets.UTF_8)))+{
++++pageText+=+reader.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|860731|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Now that more time has passed, here's a way to do it in Java 8:

<pre><code>URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {
 pageText = reader.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1075500|text|从Java+9开始，还有一种更好的方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1075501|URL+u+=+new+URL("http://www.example.com/");
try+(InputStream+in+=+u.openStream())+{
++++return+new+String(in.readAllBytes(),+StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1075502|与原始的groovy示例一样，这里假设内容是UTF-8编码的。(如果您需要更聪明的东西，则需要创建一个URLConnection并使用它来确定编码。)|1075503|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

There's an even better way as of Java 9:

<pre><code>URL u = new URL("http://www.example.com/");
try (InputStream in = u.openStream()) {
 return new String(in.readAllBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
</code></pre>

Like the original groovy example, this assumes that the content is UTF-8 encoded. (If you need something more clever than that, you need to create a URLConnection and use it to figure out the encoding.)

blocks|key|1075285|text|使用Guava的其他示例：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1075286|URL+xmlData+=+...
String+data+=+Resources.toString(xmlData,+Charsets.UTF_8);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1075287|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Additional example using Guava:

<pre><code>URL xmlData = ...
String data = Resources.toString(xmlData, Charsets.UTF_8);
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1075195|text|如果您有输入流(参见Joe的答案)，还可以考虑ioutils.toString(+inputstream+)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1075196|http://commons.apache.org/io/api-1.4/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.io.InputStream|offset|length|1075197|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://commons.apache.org/io/api-1.4/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.io.InputStream)^0|0|0|2S|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@$D|P|E|Q|1|R]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]]]

If you have the input stream (see Joe's answer) also consider ioutils.toString( inputstream ).

<a href="http://commons.apache.org/io/api-1.4/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.io.InputStream" rel="noreferrer">http://commons.apache.org/io/api-1.4/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.html#toString(java.io.InputStream</a>)

blocks|key|1075442|text|下面使用Java7/8，安全urls，并展示如何将cookie添加到您的请求中。注意，这主要是this+other+great+answer+on+this+page的直接副本，但添加了cookie示例，并说明它也适用于安全urls+;-)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1075443|如果需要使用无效的证书或自签名证书连接到服务器，则除非导入证书，否则将引发安全错误。如果您需要此功能，您可以通过consider+the+approach+detailed+in+this+answer连接到此related+question+on+StackOverflow.|1075444|示例|1075445|String+result+=+getUrlAsString("https://www.google.com");
System.out.println(result);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1075446|输出|1075447|<!doctype+html><html+itemscope=""+....+etc|1075448|代码|1075449|import+java.net.URL;
import+java.net.URLConnection;
import+java.io.BufferedReader;
import+java.io.InputStreamReader;

public+static+String+getUrlAsString(String+url)
{
++++try
++++{
++++++++URL+urlObj+=+new+URL(url);
++++++++URLConnection+con+=+urlObj.openConnection();

++++++++con.setDoOutput(true);+//+we+want+the+response+
++++++++con.setRequestProperty("Cookie",+"myCookie=test123");
++++++++con.connect();

++++++++BufferedReader+in+=+new+BufferedReader(new+InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));

++++++++StringBuilder+response+=+new+StringBuilder();
++++++++String+inputLine;

++++++++String+newLine+=+System.getProperty("line.separator");
++++++++while+((inputLine+=+in.readLine())+!=+null)
++++++++{
++++++++++++response.append(inputLine+%2B+newLine);
++++++++}

++++++++in.close();

++++++++return+response.toString();
++++}
++++catch+(Exception+e)
++++{
++++++++throw+new+RuntimeException(e);
++++}
}|1075450|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/a/4328733/26510|1|https://stackoverflow.com/a/38905003/26510|2|https://stackoverflow.com/q/13022717/26510^0|1B|10|0|0|1K|19|1|2X|Y|2|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@$A|17|B|18|1|19]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@$A|1B|B|1C|1|1D]|$A|1E|B|1F|1|1G]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|J|7|1M|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|C|$10|11]]|12|$5|X|Y|Z|C|$10|13]]|14|$5|X|Y|Z|C|$10|15]]]]

The following works with Java 7/8, secure urls, and shows how to add a cookie to your request as well. Note this is mostly a direct copy of <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/4328733/26510">this other great answer on this page</a>, but added the cookie example, and clarification in that it works with secure urls as well ;-) 

If you need to connect to a server with an invalid certificate or self signed certificate, this will throw security errors unless you import the certificate. If you need this functionality, you could <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/38905003/26510">consider the approach detailed in this answer</a> to this <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/q/13022717/26510">related question on StackOverflow.</a>

<h3>Example</h3>

<pre><code>String result = getUrlAsString("https://www.google.com");
System.out.println(result);
</code></pre>

outputs

<pre><code>&lt;!doctype html&gt;&lt;html itemscope="" .... etc
</code></pre>

<h3>Code</h3>

<pre><code>import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public static String getUrlAsString(String url)
{
 try
 {
 URL urlObj = new URL(url);
 URLConnection con = urlObj.openConnection();

 con.setDoOutput(true); // we want the response 
 con.setRequestProperty("Cookie", "myCookie=test123");
 con.connect();

 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));

 StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
 String inputLine;

 String newLine = System.getProperty("line.separator");
 while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null)
 {
 response.append(inputLine + newLine);
 }

 in.close();

 return response.toString();
 }
 catch (Exception e)
 {
 throw new RuntimeException(e);
 }
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1075532|text|以下是Jeanne的可爱答案，但包含在像我这样的木偶的整洁函数中：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1075533|private+static+String+getUrl(String+aUrl)+throws+MalformedURLException,+IOException
{
++++String+urlData+=+"";
++++URL+urlObj+=+new+URL(aUrl);
++++URLConnection+conn+=+urlObj.openConnection();
++++try+(BufferedReader+reader+=+new+BufferedReader(new+InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),+StandardCharsets.UTF_8)))+
++++{
++++++++urlData+=+reader.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));
++++}
++++return+urlData;
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1075534|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Here's Jeanne's lovely answer, but wrapped in a tidy function for muppets like me:

<pre><code>private static String getUrl(String aUrl) throws MalformedURLException, IOException
{
 String urlData = "";
 URL urlObj = new URL(aUrl);
 URLConnection conn = urlObj.openConnection();
 try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) 
 {
 urlData = reader.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));
 }
 return urlData;
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|860890|text|Java+11%2B：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|860891|URI+uri+=+URI.create("http://www.google.com");
HttpRequest+request+=+HttpRequest.newBuilder(uri).build();
String+content+=+HttpClient.newHttpClient().send(request,+BodyHandlers.ofString()).body();|code-block|syntax|javascript|860892|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Java 11+:
<pre><code>URI uri = URI.create(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder(uri).build();
String content = HttpClient.newHttpClient().send(request, BodyHandlers.ofString()).body();
</code></pre>

I'm trying to find Java's equivalent to Groovy's:

<pre><code>String content = "http://www.google.com".toURL().getText();
</code></pre>

I want to read content from a URL into string. I don't want to pollute my code with buffered streams and loops for such a simple task. I looked into apache's HttpClient but I also don't see a one or two line implementation.

Read url to string in few lines of java code

我正在尝试寻找Java与Groovy的等价物：String content = "http://www.google.com".toURL().getText();我想把URL中的内容读成字符串。对于这么简单的任务，我不想用缓冲流和循环来污染我的代码。我研究了apache的HttpClient，但我也没有看到一两行代码的实现。

问在几行java代码中读取url to string
EN

回答 9

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