blocks|key|1234041|text|如果你不需要支持Windows，这里有一个非常简洁的方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1234042|import+os
hostname+=+"google.com"+#example
response+=+os.system("ping+-c+1+"+%2B+hostname)

#and+then+check+the+response...
if+response+==+0:
++print+hostname,+'is+up!'
else:
++print+hostname,+'is+down!'|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234043|这是因为如果连接失败，ping会返回一个非零值。(返回值实际上根据网络错误而有所不同。)您还可以使用'-t‘选项更改ping超时(以秒为单位)。注意，这会将文本输出到控制台。|1234044|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

If you don't need to support Windows, here's a really concise way to do it:

<pre><code>import os
hostname = "google.com" #example
response = os.system("ping -c 1 " + hostname)

#and then check the response...
if response == 0:
 print hostname, 'is up!'
else:
 print hostname, 'is down!'
</code></pre>

This works because ping returns a non-zero value if the connection fails. (The return value actually differs depending on the network error.) You could also change the ping timeout (in seconds) using the '-t' option. Note, this will output text to the console.

blocks|key|1234304|text|有一个名为pyping的模块可以做到这一点。它可以通过pip安装|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1234305|pip+install+pyping|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234306|它的使用非常简单，然而，当使用这个模块时，您需要root访问权限，因为它是在幕后制作原始数据包的事实。|1234307|import+pyping

r+=+pyping.ping('google.com')

if+r.ret_code+==+0:
++++print("Success")
else:
++++print("Failed+with+{}".format(r.ret_code))|1234308|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://pypi.org/pypi/pyping/^0|5|6|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

There is a module called <a href="https://pypi.org/pypi/pyping/" rel="noreferrer">pyping</a> that can do this. It can be installed with pip 

<pre><code>pip install pyping
</code></pre>

It is pretty simple to use, however, when using this module, you need root access due to the fact that it is crafting raw packets under the hood. 

<pre><code>import pyping

r = pyping.ping('google.com')

if r.ret_code == 0:
 print("Success")
else:
 print("Failed with {}".format(r.ret_code))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019310|text|import+subprocess
ping_response+=+subprocess.Popen(["/bin/ping",+"-c1",+"-w100",+"192.168.0.1"],+stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.read()|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1019311|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>import subprocess
ping_response = subprocess.Popen(["/bin/ping", "-c1", "-w100", "192.168.0.1"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.read()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019800|text|因为我想让我的Python程序在2.7和3.x版本以及Linux、Mac+OS和Windows平台上通用，所以我必须修改现有的示例。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1019801|#+shebang+does+not+work+over+all+platforms
#+ping.py++2016-02-25+Rudolf
#+subprocess.call()+is+preferred+to+os.system()
#+works+under+Python+2.7+and+3.4
#+works+under+Linux,+Mac+OS,+Windows

def+ping(host):
++++"""
++++Returns+True+if+host+responds+to+a+ping+request
++++"""
++++import+subprocess,+platform

++++#+Ping+parameters+as+function+of+OS
++++ping_str+=+"-n+1"+if++platform.system().lower()=="windows"+else+"-c+1"
++++args+=+"ping+"+%2B+"+"+%2B+ping_str+%2B+"+"+%2B+host
++++need_sh+=+False+if++platform.system().lower()=="windows"+else+True

++++#+Ping
++++return+subprocess.call(args,+shell=need_sh)+==+0

#+test+call
print(ping("192.168.17.142"))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1019802|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Because I like to have my Python program universal on version 2.7 and 3.x and on platform Linux, Mac OS and Windows, I had to modify the existing examples.

<pre><code># shebang does not work over all platforms
# ping.py 2016-02-25 Rudolf
# subprocess.call() is preferred to os.system()
# works under Python 2.7 and 3.4
# works under Linux, Mac OS, Windows

def ping(host):
 """
 Returns True if host responds to a ping request
 """
 import subprocess, platform

 # Ping parameters as function of OS
 ping_str = "-n 1" if platform.system().lower()=="windows" else "-c 1"
 args = "ping " + " " + ping_str + " " + host
 need_sh = False if platform.system().lower()=="windows" else True

 # Ping
 return subprocess.call(args, shell=need_sh) == 0

# test call
print(ping("192.168.17.142"))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019380|text|#!/usr/bin/python3

import+subprocess+as+sp

def+ipcheck():
++++status,result+=+sp.getstatusoutput("ping+-c1+-w2+"+%2B+str(pop))
++++if+status+==+0:
++++++++print("System+"+%2B+str(pop)+%2B+"+is+UP+!")
++++else:
++++++++print("System+"+%2B+str(pop)+%2B+"+is+DOWN+!")


pop+=+input("Enter+the+ip+address:+")
ipcheck()|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1019381|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python3

import subprocess as sp

def ipcheck():
 status,result = sp.getstatusoutput("ping -c1 -w2 " + str(pop))
 if status == 0:
 print("System " + str(pop) + " is UP !")
 else:
 print("System " + str(pop) + " is DOWN !")


pop = input("Enter the ip address: ")
ipcheck()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019367|text|#!/usr/bin/python3

import+subprocess+as+sp

ip+=+"192.168.122.60"
status,result+=+sp.getstatusoutput("ping+-c1+-w2+"+%2B+ip)

if+status+==+0:+
++++print("System+"+%2B+ip+%2B+"+is+UP+!")
else:
++++print("System+"+%2B+ip+%2B+"+is+DOWN+!")|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1019368|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python3

import subprocess as sp

ip = "192.168.122.60"
status,result = sp.getstatusoutput("ping -c1 -w2 " + ip)

if status == 0: 
 print("System " + ip + " is UP !")
else:
 print("System " + ip + " is DOWN !")
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1234487|text|我的缩减使用了这篇文章中答案的想法，但只使用了较新的推荐子流程模块和python3：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1234488|import+subprocess
import+platform

operating_sys+=+platform.system()
nas+=+'192.168.0.10'

def+ping(ip):
++++#+ping_command+=+['ping',+ip,+'-n',+'1']+instead+of+ping_command+=+['ping',+ip,+'-n+1']+for+Windows
++++ping_command+=+['ping',+ip,+'-n',+'1']+if+operating_sys+==+'Windows'+else+['ping',+ip,+'-c+1']
++++shell_needed+=+True+if+operating_sys+==+'Windows'+else+False

++++ping_output+=+subprocess.run(ping_command,shell=shell_needed,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
++++success+=+ping_output.returncode
++++return+True+if+success+==+0+else+False

out+=+ping(nas)
print(out)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234489|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

My reduction using ideas from answers in this post but only using the newer recommended subprocess module and python3:

<pre><code>import subprocess
import platform

operating_sys = platform.system()
nas = '192.168.0.10'

def ping(ip):
 # ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n', '1'] instead of ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n 1'] for Windows
 ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n', '1'] if operating_sys == 'Windows' else ['ping', ip, '-c 1']
 shell_needed = True if operating_sys == 'Windows' else False

 ping_output = subprocess.run(ping_command,shell=shell_needed,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
 success = ping_output.returncode
 return True if success == 0 else False

out = ping(nas)
print(out)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1020144|text|在python3中使用socket包：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1020145|import+socket

def+ping_server(server:+str,+port:+int,+timeout=3):
++++"""ping+server"""
++++try:
++++++++socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
++++++++s+=+socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,+socket.SOCK_STREAM)
++++++++s.connect((server,+port))
++++except+OSError+as+error:
++++++++return+False
++++else:
++++++++s.close()
++++++++return+True|code-block|syntax|javascript|1020146|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

using socket package in python3:
<pre><code>import socket

def ping_server(server: str, port: int, timeout=3):
 &quot;&quot;&quot;ping server&quot;&quot;&quot;
 try:
 socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 s.connect((server, port))
 except OSError as error:
 return False
 else:
 s.close()
 return True
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019507|text|这个脚本可以在Windows上运行，也可以在其他OSes上运行:它可以在Windows、Debian和macosx上运行，需要在solaris上进行测试。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1019508|import+os
import+platform


def+isUp(hostname):

++++giveFeedback+=+False

++++if+platform.system()+==+"Windows":
++++++++response+=+os.system("ping+"%2Bhostname%2B"+-n+1")
++++else:
++++++++response+=+os.system("ping+-c+1+"+%2B+hostname)

++++isUpBool+=+False
++++if+response+==+0:
++++++++if+giveFeedback:
++++++++++++print+hostname,+'is+up!'
++++++++isUpBool+=+True
++++else:
++++++++if+giveFeedback:
++++++++++++print+hostname,+'is+down!'

++++return+isUpBool

print(isUp("example.com"))+#Example+domain
print(isUp("localhost"))+#Your+computer
print(isUp("invalid.example.com"))+#Unresolvable+hostname:+https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6761
print(isUp("192.168.1.1"))+#Pings+local+router
print(isUp("192.168.1.135"))+#Pings+a+local+computer+-+will+differ+for+your+network|code-block|syntax|javascript|1019509|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

This script works on Windows, and should work on other OSes :
It works on Windows, Debian, and macosx, need a test on solaris.

<pre><code>import os
import platform


def isUp(hostname):

 giveFeedback = False

 if platform.system() == "Windows":
 response = os.system("ping "+hostname+" -n 1")
 else:
 response = os.system("ping -c 1 " + hostname)

 isUpBool = False
 if response == 0:
 if giveFeedback:
 print hostname, 'is up!'
 isUpBool = True
 else:
 if giveFeedback:
 print hostname, 'is down!'

 return isUpBool

print(isUp("example.com")) #Example domain
print(isUp("localhost")) #Your computer
print(isUp("invalid.example.com")) #Unresolvable hostname: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6761
print(isUp("192.168.1.1")) #Pings local router
print(isUp("192.168.1.135")) #Pings a local computer - will differ for your network
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1234372|text|我最终找到了一个关于类似场景的问题。我尝试过输入，但Naveen给出的例子在Python2.7下的Windows中不起作用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1234373|一个对我有效的例子是：|1234374|import+pyping

response+=+pyping.send('Your+IP')

if+response['ret_code']+==+0:
++++print("reachable")
else:
++++print("unreachable")|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234375|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

I ended up finding this question regarding a similar scenario. I tried out pyping but the example given by Naveen didn't work for me in Windows under Python 2.7. 

An example that worked for me is:

<pre><code>import pyping

response = pyping.send('Your IP')

if response['ret_code'] == 0:
 print("reachable")
else:
 print("unreachable")
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019451|text|看起来很简单，但让我大吃一惊。我一直收到“不允许icmp打开套接字操作”的提示，否则如果服务器脱机，解决方案就会挂起。但是，如果您想知道的是服务器是活动的，并且您正在该服务器上运行web服务器，那么curl将完成此工作。如果您有ssh和证书，那么ssh和一个简单的命令就足够了。代码如下：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1019452|from+easyprocess+import+EasyProcess+#+as+root:+pip+install+EasyProcess
def+ping(ip):
++++ping="ssh+%25s+date;exit"%25(ip)+#+test+ssh+alive+or
++++ping="curl+-IL+%25s"%25(ip)++++++#+test+if+http+alive
++++response=len(EasyProcess(ping).call(timeout=2).stdout)
++++return+response+#integer+0+if+no+response+in+2+seconds|code-block|syntax|javascript|1019453|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Seems simple enough, but gave me fits. I kept getting "icmp open socket operation not permitted" or else the solutions would hang up if the server was off line. If, however, what you want to know is that the server is alive and you are running a web server on that server, then curl will do the job. If you have ssh and certificates, then ssh and a simple command will suffice. Here is the code:

<pre><code>from easyprocess import EasyProcess # as root: pip install EasyProcess
def ping(ip):
 ping="ssh %s date;exit"%(ip) # test ssh alive or
 ping="curl -IL %s"%(ip) # test if http alive
 response=len(EasyProcess(ping).call(timeout=2).stdout)
 return response #integer 0 if no response in 2 seconds
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1234274|text|我有类似的需求，所以我实现了它，如下所示。它在Windows+64位和Linux上进行了测试。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1234275|import+subprocess
def+systemCommand(Command):
++++Output+=+""
++++Error+=+""+++++
++++try:
++++++++Output+=+subprocess.check_output(Command,stderr+=+subprocess.STDOUT,shell='True')
++++except+subprocess.CalledProcessError+as+e:
++++++++#Invalid+command+raises+this+exception
++++++++Error+=++e.output+

++++if+Output:
++++++++Stdout+=+Output.split("\n")
++++else:
++++++++Stdout+=+[]
++++if+Error:
++++++++Stderr+=+Error.split("\n")
++++else:
++++++++Stderr+=+[]

++++return+(Stdout,Stderr)

#in+main
Host+=+"ip+to+ping"
NoOfPackets+=+2
Timeout+=+5000+#in+milliseconds
#Command+for+windows
Command+=+'ping+-n+{0}+-w+{1}+{2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
#Command+for+linux+
#Command+=+'ping+-c+{0}+-w+{1}+{2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
Stdout,Stderr+=+systemCommand(Command)
if+Stdout:
+++print("Host+[{}]+is+reachable.".format(Host))
else:
+++print("Host+[{}]+is+unreachable.".format(Host))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234276|当IP不可达时，subprocess.check_output()会引发异常。额外的验证可以通过从输出行'Packets:+Sent+=+2，Received+=+2，Lost+=0+(0%25+loss)‘提取信息来完成。|1234277|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

I had similar requirement so i implemented it as shown below. It is tested on Windows 64 bit and Linux.

<pre><code>import subprocess
def systemCommand(Command):
 Output = ""
 Error = "" 
 try:
 Output = subprocess.check_output(Command,stderr = subprocess.STDOUT,shell='True')
 except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
 #Invalid command raises this exception
 Error = e.output 

 if Output:
 Stdout = Output.split("\n")
 else:
 Stdout = []
 if Error:
 Stderr = Error.split("\n")
 else:
 Stderr = []

 return (Stdout,Stderr)

#in main
Host = "ip to ping"
NoOfPackets = 2
Timeout = 5000 #in milliseconds
#Command for windows
Command = 'ping -n {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
#Command for linux 
#Command = 'ping -c {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
Stdout,Stderr = systemCommand(Command)
if Stdout:
 print("Host [{}] is reachable.".format(Host))
else:
 print("Host [{}] is unreachable.".format(Host))
</code></pre>

When IP is not reachable subprocess.check_output() raises an exception. Extra verification can be done by extracting information from output line 'Packets: Sent = 2, Received = 2, Lost = 0 (0% loss)'.

blocks|key|1234524|text|下面是一个使用Python模块和底层操作系统提供的ping命令行界面工具的解决方案。已在Windows和Linux上测试。支持设置网络超时。不需要root权限(至少在Windows和Linux上)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1234525|import+platform
import+subprocess

def+ping(host,+network_timeout=3):
++++"""Send+a+ping+packet+to+the+specified+host,+using+the+system+"ping"+command."""
++++args+=+[
++++++++'ping'
++++]

++++platform_os+=+platform.system().lower()

++++if+platform_os+==+'windows':
++++++++args.extend(['-n',+'1'])
++++++++args.extend(['-w',+str(network_timeout+*+1000)])
++++elif+platform_os+in+('linux',+'darwin'):
++++++++args.extend(['-c',+'1'])
++++++++args.extend(['-W',+str(network_timeout)])
++++else:
++++++++raise+NotImplemented('Unsupported+OS:+{}'.format(platform_os))

++++args.append(host)

++++try:
++++++++if+platform_os+==+'windows':
++++++++++++output+=+subprocess.run(args,+check=True,+universal_newlines=True).stdout

++++++++++++if+output+and+'TTL'+not+in+output:
++++++++++++++++return+False
++++++++else:
++++++++++++subprocess.run(args,+check=True)

++++++++return+True
++++except+(subprocess.CalledProcessError,+subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
++++++++return+False|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234526|entityMap^0|P|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Here's a solution using Python's <code>subprocess</code> module and the <code>ping</code> CLI tool provided by the underlying OS. Tested on Windows and Linux. Support setting a network timeout. Doesn't need root privileges (at least on Windows and Linux).

<pre><code>import platform
import subprocess

def ping(host, network_timeout=3):
 """Send a ping packet to the specified host, using the system "ping" command."""
 args = [
 'ping'
 ]

 platform_os = platform.system().lower()

 if platform_os == 'windows':
 args.extend(['-n', '1'])
 args.extend(['-w', str(network_timeout * 1000)])
 elif platform_os in ('linux', 'darwin'):
 args.extend(['-c', '1'])
 args.extend(['-W', str(network_timeout)])
 else:
 raise NotImplemented('Unsupported OS: {}'.format(platform_os))

 args.append(host)

 try:
 if platform_os == 'windows':
 output = subprocess.run(args, check=True, universal_newlines=True).stdout

 if output and 'TTL' not in output:
 return False
 else:
 subprocess.run(args, check=True)

 return True
 except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
 return False
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019563|text|使用它，它在python2.7上测试过，运行良好，如果成功，则返回以毫秒为单位的ping时间，失败时返回False。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1019564|import+platform,subproccess,re
def+Ping(hostname,timeout):
++++if+platform.system()+==+"Windows":
++++++++command="ping+"%2Bhostname%2B"+-n+1+-w+"%2Bstr(timeout*1000)
++++else:
++++++++command="ping+-i+"%2Bstr(timeout)%2B"+-c+1+"+%2B+hostname
++++proccess+=+subprocess.Popen(command,+stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
++++matches=re.match('.*time=([0-9]%2B)ms.*',+proccess.stdout.read(),re.DOTALL)
++++if+matches:
++++++++return+matches.group(1)
++++else:+
++++++++return+False|code-block|syntax|javascript|1019565|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Use this it's tested on python 2.7 and works fine it returns ping time in milliseconds if success and return False on fail.

<pre><code>import platform,subproccess,re
def Ping(hostname,timeout):
 if platform.system() == "Windows":
 command="ping "+hostname+" -n 1 -w "+str(timeout*1000)
 else:
 command="ping -i "+str(timeout)+" -c 1 " + hostname
 proccess = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
 matches=re.match('.*time=([0-9]+)ms.*', proccess.stdout.read(),re.DOTALL)
 if matches:
 return matches.group(1)
 else: 
 return False
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1020050|text|仅限WINDOWS+-不敢相信没有人使用简单的WMI查询打开Win32_PingStatus我们免费返回一个包含真正详细信息的对象|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1020051|import+wmi


#+new+WMI+object
c+=+wmi.WMI()

#+here+is+where+the+ping+actually+is+triggered
x+=+c.Win32_PingStatus(Address='google.com')

#+how+big+is+this+thing?+-+1+element
print+'length+x:+'+,len(x)


#lets+look+at+the+object+'WMI+Object:\n'
print+x


#print+out+the+whole+returned+object
#+only+x[0]+element+has+values+in+it
print+'\nPrint+Whole+Object+-+can+directly+reference+the+field+names:\n'
for+i+in+x:
++++print+i



#just+a+single+field+in+the+object+-+Method+1
print+'Method+1+(+i+is+actually+x[0]+)+:'
for+i+in+x:
++++print+'Response:\t',+i.ResponseTime,+'ms'
++++print+'TTL:\t',+i.TimeToLive


#or+better+yet+directly+access+the+field+you+want
print+'\npinged+',+x[0].ProtocolAddress,+'+and+got+reply+in+',+x[0].ResponseTime,+'ms'|code-block|syntax|javascript|1020052|sample+output|offset|length|1020053|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://i.stack.imgur.com/IWho1.png^0|0|0|0|D|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

WINDOWS ONLY - Can't believe no-ones cracked open Win32_PingStatus
Using a simple WMI query we return an object full of really detailed info for free 

<pre><code>import wmi


# new WMI object
c = wmi.WMI()

# here is where the ping actually is triggered
x = c.Win32_PingStatus(Address='google.com')

# how big is this thing? - 1 element
print 'length x: ' ,len(x)


#lets look at the object 'WMI Object:\n'
print x


#print out the whole returned object
# only x[0] element has values in it
print '\nPrint Whole Object - can directly reference the field names:\n'
for i in x:
 print i



#just a single field in the object - Method 1
print 'Method 1 ( i is actually x[0] ) :'
for i in x:
 print 'Response:\t', i.ResponseTime, 'ms'
 print 'TTL:\t', i.TimeToLive


#or better yet directly access the field you want
print '\npinged ', x[0].ProtocolAddress, ' and got reply in ', x[0].ResponseTime, 'ms'
</code></pre>

<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/IWho1.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">sample output</a>

blocks|key|1234688|text|我从其他答案中借鉴。尝试简化和最小化查询。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1234689|import+platform,+os

def+ping(host):
++++result+=+os.popen('+'.join(("ping",+ping.param,+host))).read()
++++return+'TTL='+in+result

ping.param+=+"-n+1"+if+platform.system().lower()+==+"windows"+else+"-c+1"|code-block|syntax|javascript|1234690|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

My take borrowing from other answers. Attempt to simplify and minimize queries.

<pre><code>import platform, os

def ping(host):
 result = os.popen(' '.join(("ping", ping.param, host))).read()
 return 'TTL=' in result

ping.param = "-n 1" if platform.system().lower() == "windows" else "-c 1"
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1020269|text|在linux上，可以在不是根(或setuid或CAP_NET_RAW)的情况下创建ICMP数据报(而不是原始)套接字：https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/592914。我最终得到了|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1020270|$+id
uid=1000(raylu)+gid=1000(raylu)+[...]
$+sudo+sysctl+net.ipv4.ping_group_range='1000+1000'|code-block|syntax|javascript|1020271|import+socket
import+struct
import+time

def+main():
++++ping('192.168.1.10')

def+ping(destination):
++++sock+=+socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,+socket.SOCK_DGRAM,+socket.getprotobyname('icmp'))
++++sock.settimeout(10.0)
++++start_time+=+time.time_ns()+#+python+3.7%2B+only

++++payload+=+struct.pack('L',+start_time)
++++sock.sendto(encode(payload),+(destination,+0))
++++while+(time.time_ns()+-+start_time)+//+1_000_000_000+<+10:
++++++++try:
++++++++++++data,+source+=+sock.recvfrom(256)
++++++++except+socket.timeout:
++++++++++++print('timed+out')
++++++++++++return
++++++++message_type,+message_code,+check,+identifier,+sequence_number+=+struct.unpack('bbHHh',+data[:8])
++++++++if+source+==+(destination,+0)+and+message_type+==+ICMP.ECHO_REPLY+and+data[8:]+==+payload:
++++++++++++print((time.time_ns()+-+start_time)+//+1_000_000,+'ms')
++++++++++++break
++++++++else:
++++++++++++print('got+unexpected+packet+from+%25s:'+%25+source[0],+message_type,+data[8:])
++++else:
++++++++print('timed+out')

def+encode(payload:+bytes):
++++#+calculate+checksum+with+check+set+to+0
++++checksum+=+calc_checksum(icmp_header(ICMP.ECHO_REQUEST,+0,+0,+1,+1)+%2B+payload)
++++#+craft+the+packet+again+with+the+checksum+set
++++return+icmp_header(ICMP.ECHO_REQUEST,+0,+checksum,+1,+1)+%2B+payload

def+icmp_header(message_type,+message_code,+check,+identifier,+sequence_number)+->+bytes:
++++return+struct.pack('bbHHh',+message_type,+message_code,+check,+identifier,+sequence_number)

def+calc_checksum(data:+bytes)+->+int:
++++'''RFC+1071'''
++++#+code+stolen+from+https://github.com/alessandromaggio/pythonping/blob/a59ce65a/pythonping/icmp.py#L8
++++'''
++++MIT+License

++++Copyright+(c)+2018+Alessandro+Maggio

++++Permission+is+hereby+granted,+free+of+charge,+to+any+person+obtaining+a+copy
++++of+this+software+and+associated+documentation+files+(the+"Software"),+to+deal
++++in+the+Software+without+restriction,+including+without+limitation+the+rights
++++to+use,+copy,+modify,+merge,+publish,+distribute,+sublicense,+and/or+sell
++++copies+of+the+Software,+and+to+permit+persons+to+whom+the+Software+is
++++furnished+to+do+so,+subject+to+the+following+conditions:

++++The+above+copyright+notice+and+this+permission+notice+shall+be+included+in+all
++++copies+or+substantial+portions+of+the+Software.

++++THE+SOFTWARE+IS+PROVIDED+"AS+IS",+WITHOUT+WARRANTY+OF+ANY+KIND,+EXPRESS+OR
++++IMPLIED,+INCLUDING+BUT+NOT+LIMITED+TO+THE+WARRANTIES+OF+MERCHANTABILITY,
++++FITNESS+FOR+A+PARTICULAR+PURPOSE+AND+NONINFRINGEMENT.+IN+NO+EVENT+SHALL+THE
++++AUTHORS+OR+COPYRIGHT+HOLDERS+BE+LIABLE+FOR+ANY+CLAIM,+DAMAGES+OR+OTHER
++++LIABILITY,+WHETHER+IN+AN+ACTION+OF+CONTRACT,+TORT+OR+OTHERWISE,+ARISING+FROM,
++++OUT+OF+OR+IN+CONNECTION+WITH+THE+SOFTWARE+OR+THE+USE+OR+OTHER+DEALINGS+IN+THE
++++SOFTWARE.
++++'''
++++subtotal+=+0
++++for+i+in+range(0,+len(data)-1,+2):
++++++++subtotal+%2B=+(data[i]+<<+8)+%2B+data[i%2B1]
++++if+len(data)+%25+2:
++++++++subtotal+%2B=+(data[len(data)-1]+<<+8)
++++while+subtotal+>>+16:
++++++++subtotal+=+(subtotal+&+0xFFFF)+%2B+(subtotal+>>+16)
++++check+=+~subtotal
++++return+((check+<<+8)+&+0xFF00)+%7C+((check+>>+8)+&+0x00FF)

class+ICMP:
++++ECHO_REPLY+=+0
++++ECHO_REQUEST+=+8|1020272|尽管这里的其他答案建议的许多包也可以工作|1020273|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/592914^0|N|B|1N|13|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|H|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]]]

on linux, it's possible to create ICMP datagram (not raw) sockets without being root (or setuid or <code>CAP_NET_RAW</code>): <a href="https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/592914">https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/592914</a>. I ended up with
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>$ id
uid=1000(raylu) gid=1000(raylu) [...]
$ sudo sysctl net.ipv4.ping_group_range='1000 1000'
</code></pre>
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import socket
import struct
import time

def main():
 ping('192.168.1.10')

def ping(destination):
 sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.getprotobyname('icmp'))
 sock.settimeout(10.0)
 start_time = time.time_ns() # python 3.7+ only

 payload = struct.pack('L', start_time)
 sock.sendto(encode(payload), (destination, 0))
 while (time.time_ns() - start_time) // 1_000_000_000 &lt; 10:
 try:
 data, source = sock.recvfrom(256)
 except socket.timeout:
 print('timed out')
 return
 message_type, message_code, check, identifier, sequence_number = struct.unpack('bbHHh', data[:8])
 if source == (destination, 0) and message_type == ICMP.ECHO_REPLY and data[8:] == payload:
 print((time.time_ns() - start_time) // 1_000_000, 'ms')
 break
 else:
 print('got unexpected packet from %s:' % source[0], message_type, data[8:])
 else:
 print('timed out')

def encode(payload: bytes):
 # calculate checksum with check set to 0
 checksum = calc_checksum(icmp_header(ICMP.ECHO_REQUEST, 0, 0, 1, 1) + payload)
 # craft the packet again with the checksum set
 return icmp_header(ICMP.ECHO_REQUEST, 0, checksum, 1, 1) + payload

def icmp_header(message_type, message_code, check, identifier, sequence_number) -&gt; bytes:
 return struct.pack('bbHHh', message_type, message_code, check, identifier, sequence_number)

def calc_checksum(data: bytes) -&gt; int:
 '''RFC 1071'''
 # code stolen from https://github.com/alessandromaggio/pythonping/blob/a59ce65a/pythonping/icmp.py#L8
 '''
 MIT License

 Copyright (c) 2018 Alessandro Maggio

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the &quot;Software&quot;), to deal
 in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 copies or substantial portions of the Software.

 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot;, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 '''
 subtotal = 0
 for i in range(0, len(data)-1, 2):
 subtotal += (data[i] &lt;&lt; 8) + data[i+1]
 if len(data) % 2:
 subtotal += (data[len(data)-1] &lt;&lt; 8)
 while subtotal &gt;&gt; 16:
 subtotal = (subtotal &amp; 0xFFFF) + (subtotal &gt;&gt; 16)
 check = ~subtotal
 return ((check &lt;&lt; 8) &amp; 0xFF00) | ((check &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0x00FF)

class ICMP:
 ECHO_REPLY = 0
 ECHO_REQUEST = 8
</code></pre>
though many of the packages other answers have suggested here would work too

blocks|key|1020191|text|在windows或linux中对它们执行Ping操作，返回一个排序列表。这是来自@Ahmed+Essam和@Arno的响应的混合/修复。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1020192|import+asyncio
import+re

import+platform
isWindows+=+platform.system()


async+def+ping(host):
++++cmd+=+'ping+{}+{}+1'.format(host,+'-n'+if+isWindows+else+'-c')
++++ping_proc+=+\
++++++++await+asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(cmd,+stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)
++++stdout,+stderr+=+await+ping_proc.communicate()
++++outstr+=+stdout.decode()

++++if+ping_proc.returncode+==+0:
++++++++delay+=+int(re.search(r'(?:time=)([\d]*)',+outstr).group(1))+if+'time='+in+outstr+else+-1
++++++++if+delay+>=+0:
++++++++++++#+print('{}+{}ms'.format(host,+delay))
++++++++++++return+[host,+delay]

++++return+[host,+None]


async+def+ping_all():
++++tasks+=+[]

++++for+i+in+range(1,+256):
++++++++ip+=+"192.168.1.{}".format(i)
++++++++task+=+asyncio.ensure_future(ping(ip))
++++++++tasks.append(task)

++++retList+=+await+asyncio.gather(*tasks,+return_exceptions=True)
++++retList+=+[x+for+x+in+retList+if+x[1]+is+not+None]
++++retList.sort(key=lambda+x:+int(x[0].split('.')[-1]))

++++return+retList


loop+=+asyncio.ProactorEventLoop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
pingRet+=+loop.run_until_complete(ping_all())

for+ip,+d+in+pingRet:
++++print('{:<16s}+{}ms'.format(ip,+d))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1020193|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Ping them all in windows or linux, return a sorted list. This is a hybrid/fix from the responses @Ahmed Essam and @Arno.
<pre><code>import asyncio
import re

import platform
isWindows = platform.system()


async def ping(host):
 cmd = 'ping {} {} 1'.format(host, '-n' if isWindows else '-c')
 ping_proc = \
 await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
 stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)
 stdout, stderr = await ping_proc.communicate()
 outstr = stdout.decode()

 if ping_proc.returncode == 0:
 delay = int(re.search(r'(?:time=)([\d]*)', outstr).group(1)) if 'time=' in outstr else -1
 if delay &gt;= 0:
 # print('{} {}ms'.format(host, delay))
 return [host, delay]

 return [host, None]


async def ping_all():
 tasks = []

 for i in range(1, 256):
 ip = &quot;192.168.1.{}&quot;.format(i)
 task = asyncio.ensure_future(ping(ip))
 tasks.append(task)

 retList = await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
 retList = [x for x in retList if x[1] is not None]
 retList.sort(key=lambda x: int(x[0].split('.')[-1]))

 return retList


loop = asyncio.ProactorEventLoop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
pingRet = loop.run_until_complete(ping_all())

for ip, d in pingRet:
 print('{:&lt;16s} {}ms'.format(ip, d))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1019959|text|很多回答都遗漏了一件事，那就是(至少在Windows中)，如果ping命令收到回复"Destination+host+unreachable“，它将返回0(表示成功)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1019960|下面是我的代码，它检查b'TTL='是否在响应中，因为它只在ping到达主机时出现。注意:这段代码的大部分都是基于这里的其他答案。|1019961|import+platform
import+subprocess

def+ping(ipAddr,+timeout=100):
++++'''
++++Send+a+ping+packet+to+the+specified+host,+using+the+system+ping+command.
++++Accepts+ipAddr+as+string+for+the+ping+destination.
++++Accepts+timeout+in+ms+for+the+ping+timeout.
++++Returns+True+if+ping+succeeds+otherwise+Returns+False.
++++++++Ping+succeeds+if+it+returns+0+and+the+output+includes+b'TTL='
++++'''
++++if+platform.system().lower()+==+'windows':
++++++++numFlag+=+'-n'
++++else:
++++++++numFlag+=+'-c'
++++completedPing+=+subprocess.run(['ping',+numFlag,+'1',+'-w',+str(timeout),+ipAddr],
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++stdout=subprocess.PIPE,++++#+Capture+standard+out
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)++#+Capture+standard+error
++++#+print(completedPing.stdout)
++++return+(completedPing.returncode+==+0)+and+(b'TTL='+in+completedPing.stdout)

print(ping('google.com'))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1019962|注意:这会捕获输出，而不是打印输出，所以如果您想要查看ping的输出，则需要在返回之前打印completedPing.stdout。|1019963|entityMap^0|V|4|0|B|7|0|0|R|4|19|K|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@$9|U|A|V|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|X|8|@$9|Y|A|Z|B|C]|$9|10|A|11|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

One thing a lot of the answers miss is that (at least in Windows) the <code>ping</code> command returns 0 (indicating success) if it receives the reply "Destination host unreachable."

Here is my code that checks if <code>b'TTL='</code> is in the response, since that is only present when the ping reached the host. Note: Most of this code is based on the other answers here.

<pre><code>import platform
import subprocess

def ping(ipAddr, timeout=100):
 '''
 Send a ping packet to the specified host, using the system ping command.
 Accepts ipAddr as string for the ping destination.
 Accepts timeout in ms for the ping timeout.
 Returns True if ping succeeds otherwise Returns False.
 Ping succeeds if it returns 0 and the output includes b'TTL='
 '''
 if platform.system().lower() == 'windows':
 numFlag = '-n'
 else:
 numFlag = '-c'
 completedPing = subprocess.run(['ping', numFlag, '1', '-w', str(timeout), ipAddr],
 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, # Capture standard out
 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) # Capture standard error
 # print(completedPing.stdout)
 return (completedPing.returncode == 0) and (b'TTL=' in completedPing.stdout)

print(ping('google.com'))
</code></pre>

Note: This captures the output instead of printing it, so if you want to see the output of <code>ping</code>, you'll need to print <code>completedPing.stdout</code> before returning.

blocks|key|1019353|text|++1+#!/usr/bin/python
++2
++3+import+os
++4+import+sys
++5+import+time
++6
++7+os.system("clear")
++8+home_network+=+"172.16.23."
++9+mine+=+[]
+10
+11+for+i+in+range(1,+256):
+12+++++++++z+=++home_network+%2B+str(i)
+13+++++++++result+=+os.system("ping+-c+1+"%2B+str(z))
+14+++++++++os.system("clear")
+15+++++++++if+result+==+0:
+16+++++++++++++++++mine.append(z)
+17
+18+for+j+in+mine:
+19+++++++++print+"host+",+j+,"+is+up"|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1019354|我刚刚在minute..using中做了一个简单的，需要根权限的icmplib，下面的效果很好！HTH|unstyled|1019355|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|F|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<pre><code> 1 #!/usr/bin/python
 2
 3 import os
 4 import sys
 5 import time
 6
 7 os.system("clear")
 8 home_network = "172.16.23."
 9 mine = []
 10
 11 for i in range(1, 256):
 12 z = home_network + str(i)
 13 result = os.system("ping -c 1 "+ str(z))
 14 os.system("clear")
 15 if result == 0:
 16 mine.append(z)
 17
 18 for j in mine:
 19 print "host ", j ," is up"
</code></pre>

A simple one i just cooked up in a minute..using icmplib needs root privs the below works pretty good! 
HTH

In Python, is there a way to ping a server through ICMP and return TRUE if the server responds, or FALSE if there is no response?

Pinging servers in Python

服务器

Windows

Python

Debian

Linux

ICMP

在Python中，有没有办法通过ICMP ping服务器，如果服务器响应，则返回TRUE；如果没有响应，则返回FALSE？

问在Python中Pinging服务器
EN

回答 20

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