blocks|key|1482352|text|for+property,+value+in+vars(theObject).items():
++++print(property,+":",+value)|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1482353|请注意，在极少数情况下会有__slots__属性，这样的类通常没有__dict__。|unstyled|offset|length|style|CODE|1482354|entityMap^0|0|D|9|X|8|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|N|8|@$G|O|H|P|I|J]|$G|Q|H|R|I|J]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

<pre><code>for property, value in vars(theObject).items():
 print(property, &quot;:&quot;, value)
</code></pre>
Be aware that in some rare cases there's a <code>__slots__</code> property, such classes often have no <code>__dict__</code>.

blocks|key|1267796|text|dir()是一种简单的方法。请看这里：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1267797|Guide+To+Python+Introspection|1267798|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#dir|1|https://web.archive.org/web/20161130135145/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-pyint/index.html/^0|0|5|0|5|0|0|0|T|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]]|D|@$9|U|A|V|1|W]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@$9|Y|A|Z|1|10]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|E|$N|O]]|P|$5|K|L|M|E|$N|Q]]]]

<a href="http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#dir" rel="noreferrer"><code>dir()</code></a> is the simple way. See here:

<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130135145/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-pyint/index.html/" rel="noreferrer">Guide To Python Introspection</a>

blocks|key|1482415|text|对于一行程序：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1482416|print+vars(theObject)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1482417|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

for one-liners:
<pre><code>print vars(theObject)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1267892|text|如果你正在寻找所有属性的反映，上面的答案是很棒的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1267893|如果您只是想获取字典的键(这与Python中的'object‘不同)，请使用|1267894|my_dict.keys()|offset|length|style|CODE|1267895|my_dict+=+{'abc':+{},+'def':+12,+'ghi':+'string'+}
my_dict.keys()+
>+['abc',+'def',+'ghi']|code-block|syntax|javascript|1267896|entityMap^0|0|0|0|E|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|S|8|@$F|T|G|U|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|L|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$M|N]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

If you're looking for reflection of all properties, the answers above are great.

If you're simply looking to get the keys of a dictionary (which is different from an 'object' in Python), use

<code>my_dict.keys()</code>

<pre><code>my_dict = {'abc': {}, 'def': 12, 'ghi': 'string' }
my_dict.keys() 
&gt; ['abc', 'def', 'ghi']
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1482566|text|其他答案完全涵盖了这一点，但我将明确说明这一点。对象可以具有类属性以及静态和动态实例属性。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1482567|class+foo:
++++classy+=+1
++++@property
++++def+dyno(self):
++++++++return+1
++++def+__init__(self):
++++++++self.stasis+=+2

++++def+fx(self):
++++++++return+3|code-block|syntax|javascript|1482568|stasis是静态的，dyno是动态的(参见属性装饰器)，而classy是一个类属性。如果我们简单地执行__dict__或vars，我们只会得到静态的。|offset|length|style|CODE|1482569|o+=+foo()
print(o.__dict__)+#{'stasis':+2}
print(vars(o))+#{'stasis':+2}|1482570|因此，如果我们想要其他的，__dict__将会得到一切(甚至更多)。这包括魔术方法和属性以及正常绑定方法。因此，让我们避免这些：|1482571|d+=+{k:+getattr(o,+k,+'')+for+k+in+o.__dir__()+if+k[:2]+!=+'__'+and+type(getattr(o,+k,+'')).__name__+!=+'method'}
print(d)+#{'stasis':+2,+'classy':+1,+'dyno':+1}|1482572|使用属性修饰方法(动态属性)调用的type将提供返回值的类型，而不是method。为了证明这一点，让我们用json字符串表示：|1482573|import+json
print(json.dumps(d))+#{"stasis":+2,+"classy":+1,+"dyno":+1}|1482574|如果它是一种方法，它就会崩溃。|1482575|TL;DR.尝试为所有这三个调用extravar+=+lambda+o:+{k:+getattr(o,+k,+'')+for+k+in+o.__dir__()+if+k[:2]+!=+'__'+and+type(getattr(o,+k,+'')).__name__+!=+'method'}，但不要调用方法或魔术。|1482576|entityMap^0|0|0|0|6|B|4|U|6|1G|8|1P|4|0|0|D|8|0|0|H|4|Y|6|0|0|0|G|3M|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|14|8|@$I|15|J|16|K|L]|$I|17|J|18|K|L]|$I|19|J|1A|K|L]|$I|1B|J|1C|K|L]|$I|1D|J|1E|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1G|8|@$I|1H|J|1I|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1K|8|@$I|1L|J|1M|K|L]|$I|1N|J|1O|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|D|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|1R|8|@$I|1S|J|1T|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|11|$]]

This is totally covered by the other answers, but I'll make it explicit.
An object may have class attributes and static and dynamic instance attributes.

<pre><code>class foo:
 classy = 1
 @property
 def dyno(self):
 return 1
 def __init__(self):
 self.stasis = 2

 def fx(self):
 return 3
</code></pre>

<code>stasis</code> is static, <code>dyno</code> is dynamic (cf. property decorator) and <code>classy</code> is a class attribute. If we simply do <code>__dict__</code> or <code>vars</code> we will only get the static one.

<pre><code>o = foo()
print(o.__dict__) #{'stasis': 2}
print(vars(o)) #{'stasis': 2}
</code></pre>

So if we want the others <code>__dict__</code> will get everything (and more).
This includes magic methods and attributes and normal bound methods. So lets avoid those:

<pre><code>d = {k: getattr(o, k, '') for k in o.__dir__() if k[:2] != '__' and type(getattr(o, k, '')).__name__ != 'method'}
print(d) #{'stasis': 2, 'classy': 1, 'dyno': 1}
</code></pre>

The <code>type</code> called with a property decorated method (a dynamic attribute) will give you the type of the returned value, not <code>method</code>. To prove this let's json stringify it:

<pre><code>import json
print(json.dumps(d)) #{"stasis": 2, "classy": 1, "dyno": 1}
</code></pre>

Had it been a method it would have crashed.

TL;DR. try calling <code>extravar = lambda o: {k: getattr(o, k, '') for k in o.__dir__() if k[:2] != '__' and type(getattr(o, k, '')).__name__ != 'method'}</code> for all three, but not methods nor magic.

I C# we do it through reflection. In Javascript it is simple as:

<pre><code>for(var propertyName in objectName)
 var currentPropertyValue = objectName[propertyName];
</code></pre>

How to do it in Python?

How to enumerate an object's properties in Python?

I C#我们通过反射来做这件事。在Javascript中，它很简单：for(var propertyName in objectName)    var currentPropertyValue = objectName[propertyName];如何在Python中实现？

问如何在Python中枚举对象的属性？
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