blocks|key|1170693|text|这里的许多其他答案似乎都是从浏览器中运行的JavaScript函数的角度来解决这个问题的。我将拍摄并回答假设，当提问者说“外壳脚本”时，他指的是一个Node.js后端JavaScript。可能会使用commander.js来构建您的代码:)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1170694|您可以使用node中的child_process模块。我粘贴了下面的示例代码。|1170695|var+exec+=+require('child_process').exec,+child;

child+=+exec('cat+*.js+bad_file+%7C+wc+-l',
++++function+(error,+stdout,+stderr)+{
++++++++console.log('stdout:+'+%2B+stdout);
++++++++console.log('stderr:+'+%2B+stderr);
++++++++if+(error+!==+null)+{
+++++++++++++console.log('exec+error:+'+%2B+error);
++++++++}
++++});
+child();|code-block|syntax|javascript|1170696|希望这能有所帮助！|1170697|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/tj/commander.js/|1|http://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html^0|2R|C|0|0|B|D|1|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]|U|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|V]]]]

Many of the other answers here seem to address this issue from the perspective of a JavaScript function running in the browser. I'll shoot and answer assuming that when the asker said "Shell Script" he meant a Node.js backend JavaScript. Possibly using <a href="https://github.com/tj/commander.js/" rel="noreferrer">commander.js</a> to use frame your code :) 

You could use the <a href="http://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html" rel="noreferrer">child_process</a> module from node's API. I pasted the example code below. 

<pre><code>var exec = require('child_process').exec, child;

child = exec('cat *.js bad_file | wc -l',
 function (error, stdout, stderr) {
 console.log('stdout: ' + stdout);
 console.log('stderr: ' + stderr);
 if (error !== null) {
 console.log('exec error: ' + error);
 }
 });
 child();
</code></pre>

Hope this helps!

blocks|key|1386239|text|我不知道为什么之前的答案给出了各种各样复杂的解决方案。如果你只想执行一个像ls这样的快速命令，你不需要异步/等待或回调或其他任何东西。这是您需要的所有内容-+execSync|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1386240|const+execSync+=+require('child_process').execSync;
//+import+{+execSync+}+from+'child_process';++//+replace+%5E+if+using+ES+modules
const+output+=+execSync('ls',+{+encoding:+'utf-8'+});++//+the+default+is+'buffer'
console.log('Output+was:\n',+output);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1386241|对于错误处理，在语句周围添加一个try/catch块。|1386242|如果您正在运行一个需要很长时间才能完成的命令，那么可以看看asynchronous+exec函数。|1386243|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html#child_process_child_process_execsync_command_options|1|https://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html#child_process_child_process_exec_command_options_callback^0|11|2|27|8|0|0|0|G|3|K|5|0|16|4|T|H|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@$9|11|A|12|1|13]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|15|8|@$9|16|A|17|B|C]|$9|18|A|19|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1A|8|@$9|1B|A|1C|B|C]]|D|@$9|1D|A|1E|1|1F]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|X]]]]

I don't know why the previous answers gave all sorts of complicated solutions. If you just want to execute a quick command like <code>ls</code>, you don't need async/await or callbacks or anything. Here's all you need - <a href="https://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html#child_process_child_process_execsync_command_options" rel="noreferrer">execSync</a>:

<pre><code>const execSync = require('child_process').execSync;
// import { execSync } from 'child_process'; // replace ^ if using ES modules
const output = execSync('ls', { encoding: 'utf-8' }); // the default is 'buffer'
console.log('Output was:\n', output);
</code></pre>

For error handling, add a <code>try</code>/<code>catch</code> block around the statement.

If you're running a command that takes a long time to complete, then yes, look at the <a href="https://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html#child_process_child_process_exec_command_options_callback" rel="noreferrer">asynchronous <code>exec</code></a> function.

blocks|key|1170594|text|这完全取决于JavaScript环境。请详细说明。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1170595|例如，在Windows脚本中，您可以执行以下操作：|1170596|var+shell+=+WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell");
shell.Run("command+here");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1170597|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

This depends entirely on the JavaScript environment. Please elaborate.

For example, in Windows Scripting, you do things like:

<pre><code>var shell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell");
shell.Run("command here");
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1385786|text|简而言之：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1385787|//+Instantiate+the+Shell+object+and+invoke+its+execute+method.
var+oShell+=+new+ActiveXObject("Shell.Application");

var+commandtoRun+=+"C:\\Winnt\\Notepad.exe";
if+(inputparms+!=+"")+{
++var+commandParms+=+document.Form1.filename.value;
}

//+Invoke+the+execute+method.++
oShell.ShellExecute(commandtoRun,+commandParms,+"",+"open",+"1");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1385788|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

In a nutshell:

<pre><code>// Instantiate the Shell object and invoke its execute method.
var oShell = new ActiveXObject("Shell.Application");

var commandtoRun = "C:\\Winnt\\Notepad.exe";
if (inputparms != "") {
 var commandParms = document.Form1.filename.value;
}

// Invoke the execute method. 
oShell.ShellExecute(commandtoRun, commandParms, "", "open", "1");
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1386140|text|用NodeJS就是这么简单！如果您希望在每次启动服务器时运行此脚本，可以查看forever-service应用程序！|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1386141|var+exec+=+require('child_process').exec;

exec('php+main.php',+function+(error,+stdOut,+stdErr)+{
++++//+do+what+you+want!
});|code-block|syntax|javascript|1386142|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/zapty/forever-service#prerequisite^0|12|F|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

With NodeJS is simple like that!
And if you want to run this script at each boot of your server, you can have a look on the <a href="https://github.com/zapty/forever-service#prerequisite" rel="noreferrer">forever-service</a> application!

<pre><code>var exec = require('child_process').exec;

exec('php main.php', function (error, stdOut, stdErr) {
 // do what you want!
});
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1170977|text|function+exec(cmd,+handler+=+function(error,+stdout,+stderr){console.log(stdout);if(error+!==+null){console.log(stderr)}})
{
++++const+childfork+=+require('child_process');
++++return+childfork.exec(cmd,+handler);
}|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1170978|此函数很容易使用，如下所示：|unstyled|1170979|exec('echo+test');
//output:
//test

exec('echo+test',+function(err,+stdout){console.log(stdout%2Bstdout%2Bstdout)});
//output:
//testtesttest|1170980|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|F|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

<pre class="lang-js prettyprint-override"><code>function exec(cmd, handler = function(error, stdout, stderr){console.log(stdout);if(error !== null){console.log(stderr)}})
{
 const childfork = require('child_process');
 return childfork.exec(cmd, handler);
}
</code></pre>

This function can be easily used like:

<pre class="lang-js prettyprint-override"><code>exec('echo test');
//output:
//test

exec('echo test', function(err, stdout){console.log(stdout+stdout+stdout)});
//output:
//testtesttest
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1385839|text|关于这个主题的另一篇文章提供了一个很好的jQuery/Ajax/PHP解决方案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1385840|shell+scripting+and+jQuery|offset|length|1385841|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5705361/shell-scripting-and-jquery^0|0|0|Q|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@$D|P|E|Q|1|R]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]]]

Another post on this topic with a nice jQuery/Ajax/PHP solution:

<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5705361/shell-scripting-and-jquery">shell scripting and jQuery</a>

blocks|key|1170749|text|在IE中，您可以执行以下操作：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1170750|var+shell+=+new+ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");
shell.run("cmd+/c+dir+&+pause");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1170751|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

In IE, you can do this :

<pre><code>var shell = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");
shell.run("cmd /c dir &amp; pause");
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1386041|text|下面是执行Linux的ifconfig外壳命令的简单命令|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1386042|var+process+=+require('child_process');
process.exec('ifconfig',function+(err,stdout,stderr)+{
++++if+(err)+{
++++++++console.log("\n"%2Bstderr);
++++}+else+{
++++++++console.log(stdout);
++++}
});|code-block|syntax|javascript|1386043|entityMap^0|B|8|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Here is simple command that executes <code>ifconfig</code> shell command of Linux

<pre><code>var process = require('child_process');
process.exec('ifconfig',function (err,stdout,stderr) {
 if (err) {
 console.log("\n"+stderr);
 } else {
 console.log(stdout);
 }
});
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1170836|text|使用nashorn，您可以编写如下脚本：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1170837|$EXEC('find+-type+f');
var+files+=+$OUT.split('\n');
files.forEach(...
...|code-block|syntax|javascript|1170838|并运行它：|1170839|jjs+-scripting+each_file.js|1170840|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashorn_%2528JavaScript_engine%2529^0|2|7|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

With <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashorn_%28JavaScript_engine%29" rel="nofollow noreferrer">nashorn</a> you can write a script like this:

<pre><code>$EXEC('find -type f');
var files = $OUT.split('\n');
files.forEach(...
...
</code></pre>

and run it:

<pre><code>jjs -scripting each_file.js
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1171035|text|如果您使用的是npm，则可以使用shelljs包|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1171036|要安装：npm+install+[-g]+shelljs|offset|length|style|CODE|1171037|var+shell+=+require('shelljs');
shell.ls('*.js').forEach(function+(file)+{
//+do+something
});|code-block|syntax|javascript|1171038|更多信息请访问：https://www.npmjs.com/package/shelljs|1171039|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://www.npmjs.com/package/shelljs^0|0|4|O|0|0|8|11|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|X|8|@$D|Y|E|Z|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@$D|12|E|13|1|14]]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|A|$U|V]]]]

If you are using npm you can use the shelljs package

To install: <code>npm install [-g] shelljs</code>

<pre><code>var shell = require('shelljs');
shell.ls('*.js').forEach(function (file) {
// do something
});
</code></pre>

See more: <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/shelljs" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.npmjs.com/package/shelljs</a>

I want to write a JavaScript function which will execute the system shell commands (<code>ls</code> for example) and return the value.

How do I achieve this?

How to execute shell command in Javascript

服务器

Windows

jQuery

Linux

我想编写一个JavaScript函数，它将执行系统外壳命令(例如ls)并返回值。我该如何实现这一点？

问如何在Javascript中执行shell命令
EN

回答 11

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问如何在Javascript中执行shell命令
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