blocks|key|1214889|text|我发现将这个添加到django模型中非常有用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1214890|def+__iter__(self):
++++for+field_name+in+self._meta.get_all_field_names():
++++++++value+=+getattr(self,+field_name,+None)
++++++++yield+(field_name,+value)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1214891|这允许您执行以下操作：|1214892|for+field,+val+in+object:
++++print+field,+val|1214893|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

I find adding this to django models quite helpful:

<pre><code>def __iter__(self):
 for field_name in self._meta.get_all_field_names():
 value = getattr(self, field_name, None)
 yield (field_name, value)
</code></pre>

This lets you do:

<pre><code>for field, val in object:
 print field, val
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1214951|text|这就是问题所在。我只在Django+1.7中测试它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1214952|your_fields+=+YourModel._meta.local_fields
your_field_names+=+[f.name+for+f+in+your_fields]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1214953|Model._meta.local_fields不包含多对多字段。您应该使用Model._meta.local_many_to_many获取它们。|offset|length|style|CODE|1214954|entityMap^0|0|0|0|O|12|U|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@$I|R|J|S|K|L]|$I|T|J|U|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

This does the trick. I only test it in Django 1.7.

<pre><code>your_fields = YourModel._meta.local_fields
your_field_names = [f.name for f in your_fields]
</code></pre>

<code>Model._meta.local_fields</code> does not contain many-to-many fields. You should get them using <code>Model._meta.local_many_to_many</code>.

blocks|key|1214982|text|这里提到的get_all_related_fields()方法是deprecated+in+1.8。从现在开始就是get_fields()。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1214983|>>+from+django.contrib.auth.models+import+User
>>+User._meta.get_fields()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1214984|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/releases/1.8/#features-deprecated-in-1-8|1|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/models/meta/#django.db.models.options.Options.get_fields^0|5|O|1L|C|W|H|0|1L|C|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]|$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]|$9|12|A|13|1|14]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]|S|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|T]]]]

The <code>get_all_related_fields()</code> method mentioned herein has been <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/releases/1.8/#features-deprecated-in-1-8">deprecated in 1.8</a>. From now on it's <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/models/meta/#django.db.models.options.Options.get_fields"><code>get_fields()</code></a>.

<pre><code>&gt;&gt; from django.contrib.auth.models import User
&gt;&gt; User._meta.get_fields()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1215033|text|只是补充一下，我使用的是self对象，这对我很有效：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1215034|[f.name+for+f+in+self.model._meta.get_fields()]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1215035|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Just to add, I am using self object, this worked for me:

<pre><code>[f.name for f in self.model._meta.get_fields()]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1215094|text|至少在我目前使用的Django+1.9.9版本中，注意到.get_fields()实际上也“考虑”任何外来模型作为一个字段，这可能是有问题的。假设你有：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1215095|class+Parent(models.Model):
++++id+=+UUIDField(primary_key=True)

class+Child(models.Model):
++++parent+=+models.ForeignKey(Parent)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1215096|由此可以得出结论：|1215097|>>>+map(lambda+field:field.name,+Parent._model._meta.get_fields())
['id',+'child']|1215098|然而，正如@Rockallite所示|1215099|>>>+map(lambda+field:field.name,+Parent._model._meta.local_fields)
['id']|1215100|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/releases/1.9.9/^0|S|D|9|C|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@$9|11|A|12|B|C]]|D|@$9|13|A|14|1|15]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|18|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|19|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|H|7|1A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]]]

At least with <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/releases/1.9.9/" rel="noreferrer">Django 1.9.9</a> -- the version I'm currently using --, note that <code>.get_fields()</code> actually also "considers" any foreign model as a field, which may be problematic. Say you have:

<pre><code>class Parent(models.Model):
 id = UUIDField(primary_key=True)

class Child(models.Model):
 parent = models.ForeignKey(Parent)
</code></pre>

It follows that

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; map(lambda field:field.name, Parent._model._meta.get_fields())
['id', 'child']
</code></pre>

while, as shown by @Rockallite

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; map(lambda field:field.name, Parent._model._meta.local_fields)
['id']
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1215131|text|def+__iter__(self):
++++field_names+=+[f.name+for+f+in+self._meta.fields]
++++for+field_name+in+field_names:
++++++++value+=+getattr(self,+field_name,+None)
++++++++yield+(field_name,+value)|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1215132|这对我在django==1.11.8中很有效|unstyled|offset|length|style|CODE|1215133|entityMap^0|0|4|E|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|N|8|@$G|O|H|P|I|J]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

<pre><code>def __iter__(self):
 field_names = [f.name for f in self._meta.fields]
 for field_name in field_names:
 value = getattr(self, field_name, None)
 yield (field_name, value)
</code></pre>

This worked for me in <code>django==1.11.8</code>

blocks|key|1000921|text|为什么不直接使用它：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1000922|manage.py+inspectdb|code-block|syntax|javascript|1000923|输出示例：|1000924|class+GuardianUserobjectpermission(models.Model):
++++id+=+models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)++#+AutoField?
++++object_pk+=+models.CharField(max_length=255)
++++content_type+=+models.ForeignKey(DjangoContentType,+models.DO_NOTHING)
++++permission+=+models.ForeignKey(AuthPermission,+models.DO_NOTHING)
++++user+=+models.ForeignKey(CustomUsers,+models.DO_NOTHING)

++++class+Meta:
++++++++managed+=+False
++++++++db_table+=+'guardian_userobjectpermission'
++++++++unique_together+=+(('user',+'permission',+'object_pk'),)|1000925|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Why not just use that:

<pre><code>manage.py inspectdb
</code></pre>

Example output:

<pre><code>class GuardianUserobjectpermission(models.Model):
 id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True) # AutoField?
 object_pk = models.CharField(max_length=255)
 content_type = models.ForeignKey(DjangoContentType, models.DO_NOTHING)
 permission = models.ForeignKey(AuthPermission, models.DO_NOTHING)
 user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUsers, models.DO_NOTHING)

 class Meta:
 managed = False
 db_table = 'guardian_userobjectpermission'
 unique_together = (('user', 'permission', 'object_pk'),)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1000985|text|因此，在我找到这篇文章之前，我成功地发现了这一点。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1000986|Model._meta.fields|code-block|syntax|javascript|1000987|它的工作原理与|1000988|Model._meta.get_fields()|1000989|我不确定结果有什么不同，如果有的话。我运行了这个循环，得到了相同的输出。|1000990|for+field+in+Model._meta.fields:
++++print(field.name)|1000991|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

So before I found this post, I successfully found this to work.

<pre><code>Model._meta.fields
</code></pre>

It works equally as 

<pre><code>Model._meta.get_fields()
</code></pre>

I'm not sure what the difference is in the results, if there is one. I ran this loop and got the same output.

<pre><code>for field in Model._meta.fields:
 print(field.name)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1215293|text|组合了给定主题的多个答案(谢谢！)并提出了以下通用解决方案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1215294|class+ReadOnlyBaseModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
++++def+has_add_permission(self,+request):
++++++++return+request.user.is_superuser

++++def+has_delete_permission(self,+request,+obj=None):
++++++++return+request.user.is_superuser

++++def+get_readonly_fields(self,+request,+obj=None):
++++++++return+[f.name+for+f+in+self.model._meta.get_fields()]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1215295|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Combined multiple answers of the given thread (thanks!) and came up with the following generic solution:
<pre><code>class ReadOnlyBaseModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
 def has_add_permission(self, request):
 return request.user.is_superuser

 def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
 return request.user.is_superuser

 def get_readonly_fields(self, request, obj=None):
 return [f.name for f in self.model._meta.get_fields()]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1215351|text|其他人没有提到的细节：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1215352|[f.name+for+f+in+MyModel._meta.get_fields()]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1215353|get，例如|1215354|['id',+'name',+'occupation']|1215355|和|1215356|[f.get_attname()+for+f+in+MyModel._meta.get_fields()]|1215357|到达|1215358|['id',+'name',+'occupation_id']|1215359|如果|1215360|reg+=+MyModel.objects.first()|1215361|然后|1215362|reg.occupation|1215363|1215364|<Occupation:+Dev>|1215365|1215366|reg.occupation_id|1215367|1215368|1|1215369|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|D|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|D|7|1M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|10|3|H|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|D|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|13|3|L|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|14|3|15|5|D|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|16|3|P|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|17|3|18|5|D|7|1S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|1A|$]]

A detail not mentioned by others:
<pre><code>[f.name for f in MyModel._meta.get_fields()]
</code></pre>
get, for example
<pre><code>['id', 'name', 'occupation']
</code></pre>
and
<pre><code>[f.get_attname() for f in MyModel._meta.get_fields()]
</code></pre>
get
<pre><code>['id', 'name', 'occupation_id']
</code></pre>
If
<pre><code>reg = MyModel.objects.first()
</code></pre>
then
<pre><code>reg.occupation
</code></pre>
get, for example
<pre><code>&lt;Occupation: Dev&gt;
</code></pre>
and
<pre><code>reg.occupation_id
</code></pre>
get
<pre><code>1
</code></pre>

I've defined a <code>User</code> class which (ultimately) inherits from <code>models.Model</code>. I want to get a list of all the fields defined for this model. For example, <code>phone_number = CharField(max_length=20)</code>. Basically, I want to retrieve anything that inherits from the <code>Field</code> class.

I thought I'd be able to retrieve these by taking advantage of <code>inspect.getmembers(model)</code>, but the list it returns doesn't contain any of these fields. It looks like Django has already gotten a hold of the class and added all its magic attributes and stripped out what's actually been defined. So... how can I get these fields? They probably have a function for retrieving them for their own internal purposes?

Django: Get list of model fields?

我定义了一个(最终)从models.Model继承的User类。我想要获取为此模型定义的所有字段的列表。例如，phone_number = CharField(max_length=20)。基本上，我希望检索从Field类继承的任何内容。我以为可以通过利用inspect.getmembers(model)来检索这些字段...

问Django:获取模型字段列表？
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问Django:获取模型字段列表？
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