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如何使用ExcelVBA中的实现
EN

Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2018-03-23 05:14:26
回答 2查看 0关注 0票数 0

我试图为一个工程项目实现一些形状,并将其抽象为一些常见的函数,这样我就可以有一个通用的程序。

我想做的是有一个名为cShapecRectanglecCircle实施cShape

我的代码如下:

cShape界面

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit

Public Function getArea()
End Function

Public Function getInertiaX()
End Function

Public Function getInertiaY()
End Function

Public Function toString()
End Function

cRectangle

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit
Implements cShape

Public myLength As Double ''going to treat length as d
Public myWidth As Double ''going to treat width as b

Public Function getArea()
    getArea = myLength * myWidth
End Function

Public Function getInertiaX()
    getInertiaX = (myWidth) * (myLength ^ 3)
End Function

Public Function getInertiaY()
    getInertiaY = (myLength) * (myWidth ^ 3)
End Function

Public Function toString()
    toString = "This is a " & myWidth & " by " & myLength & " rectangle."
End Function

cCircle

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit
Implements cShape

Public myRadius As Double

Public Function getDiameter()
    getDiameter = 2 * myRadius
End Function

Public Function getArea()
    getArea = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() * (myRadius ^ 2)
End Function

''Inertia around the X axis
Public Function getInertiaX()
    getInertiaX = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() / 4 * (myRadius ^ 4)
End Function

''Inertia around the Y axis
''Ix = Iy in a circle, technically should use same function
Public Function getInertiaY()
    getInertiaY = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() / 4 * (myRadius ^ 4)
End Function

Public Function toString()
    toString = "This is a radius " & myRadius & " circle."
End Function

问题是,每当我运行测试用例时,都会出现以下错误:

编译错误: 对象模块需要为接口实现‘~’

EN

回答 2

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2018-03-23 13:53:28

这是一个深奥的OOP概念,要使用定制的形状集合,需要做更多的工作,并了解更多。

首先打开记事本并复制粘贴以下代码

代码语言:txt
复制
VERSION 1.0 CLASS
BEGIN
  MultiUse = -1
END
Attribute VB_Name = "ShapesCollection"
Attribute VB_GlobalNameSpace = False
Attribute VB_Creatable = False
Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = False
Attribute VB_Exposed = False
Option Explicit

Dim myCustomCollection As Collection

Private Sub Class_Initialize()
    Set myCustomCollection = New Collection
End Sub

Public Sub Class_Terminate()
    Set myCustomCollection = Nothing
End Sub

Public Sub Add(ByVal Item As Object)
    myCustomCollection.Add Item
End Sub

Public Sub AddShapes(ParamArray arr() As Variant)
    Dim v As Variant
    For Each v In arr
        myCustomCollection.Add v
    Next
End Sub

Public Sub Remove(index As Variant)
    myCustomCollection.Remove (index)
End Sub

Public Property Get Item(index As Long) As cShape
    Set Item = myCustomCollection.Item(index)
End Property

Public Property Get Count() As Long
    Count = myCustomCollection.Count
End Property

Public Property Get NewEnum() As IUnknown
    Attribute NewEnum.VB_UserMemId = -4
    Attribute NewEnum.VB_MemberFlags = "40"
    Set NewEnum = myCustomCollection.[_NewEnum]
End Property

将文件保存为ShapesCollection.cls到你的桌面上。

确保您正在使用*.cls延期与否ShapesCollection.cls.txt

现在打开Excel文件,转到VBE ALT+F11,然后右击Project Explorer...选择Import File从下拉菜单中导航到文件。

注意:需要将代码保存在.cls文件,然后导入它,因为VBEditor不允许使用属性。属性允许在迭代中指定默认成员,并在自定义集合类上使用for each循环。

现在插入3个类模块。相应地重命名并复制粘贴代码。

cShape这是你的界面

代码语言:txt
复制
Public Function GetArea() As Double
End Function

Public Function GetInertiaX() As Double
End Function

Public Function GetInertiaY() As Double
End Function

Public Function ToString() As String
End Function

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit

Implements cShape

Public Radius As Double

Public Function GetDiameter() As Double
    GetDiameter = 2 * Radius
End Function

Public Function GetArea() As Double
    GetArea = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() * (Radius ^ 2)
End Function

''Inertia around the X axis
Public Function GetInertiaX() As Double
    GetInertiaX = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() / 4 * (Radius ^ 4)
End Function

''Inertia around the Y axis
''Ix = Iy in a circle, technically should use same function
Public Function GetInertiaY() As Double
    GetInertiaY = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pi() / 4 * (Radius ^ 4)
End Function

Public Function ToString() As String
    ToString = "This is a radius " & Radius & " circle."
End Function

'interface functions
Private Function cShape_getArea() As Double
    cShape_getArea = GetArea
End Function

Private Function cShape_getInertiaX() As Double
    cShape_getInertiaX = GetInertiaX
End Function

Private Function cShape_getInertiaY() As Double
    cShape_getInertiaY = GetInertiaY
End Function

Private Function cShape_toString() As String
    cShape_toString = ToString
End Function

三角

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit

Implements cShape

Public Length As Double ''going to treat length as d
Public Width As Double ''going to treat width as b

Public Function GetArea() As Double
    GetArea = Length * Width
End Function

Public Function GetInertiaX() As Double
    GetInertiaX = (Width) * (Length ^ 3)
End Function

Public Function GetInertiaY() As Double
    GetInertiaY = (Length) * (Width ^ 3)
End Function

Public Function ToString() As String
    ToString = "This is a " & Width & " by " & Length & " rectangle."
End Function

' interface properties
Private Function cShape_getArea() As Double
    cShape_getArea = GetArea
End Function

Private Function cShape_getInertiaX() As Double
    cShape_getInertiaX = GetInertiaX
End Function

Private Function cShape_getInertiaY() As Double
    cShape_getInertiaY = GetInertiaY
End Function

Private Function cShape_toString() As String
    cShape_toString = ToString
End Function

你需要Insert标准Module现在,复制粘贴下面的代码

模数1

代码语言:txt
复制
Option Explicit

Sub Main()

    Dim shapes As ShapesCollection
    Set shapes = New ShapesCollection

    AddShapesTo shapes

    Dim iShape As cShape
    For Each iShape In shapes
        'If TypeOf iShape Is cCircle Then
            Debug.Print iShape.ToString, "Area: " & iShape.GetArea, "InertiaX: " & iShape.GetInertiaX, "InertiaY:" & iShape.GetInertiaY
        'End If
    Next

End Sub


Private Sub AddShapesTo(ByRef shapes As ShapesCollection)

    Dim c1 As New cCircle
    c1.Radius = 10.5

    Dim c2 As New cCircle
    c2.Radius = 78.265

    Dim r1 As New cRectangle
    r1.Length = 80.87
    r1.Width = 20.6

    Dim r2 As New cRectangle
    r2.Length = 12.14
    r2.Width = 40.74

    shapes.AddShapes c1, c2, r1, r2
End Sub

运行Main的结果。Immediate WindowCtrl+G

票数 0
EN

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2018-03-23 14:18:27

有两个关于VBA和“Implementations”语句的无文档添加。

  1. VBA不支持undescore字符_‘在派生类的继承接口的方法名称中。它不会用cShape.get之类的方法编译代码。_区域(在Excel 2007下测试):vba将输出上述任何派生类的编译错误。
  2. 如果派生类没有实现自己的方法(如接口中的方法),VBA将成功编译代码,但该方法将通过派生类类型的变量不可访问。
票数 0
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/-100004299

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