blocks|key|809731|text|PIP_DOWNLOAD_CACHE有一些严重的问题。最重要的是，它将下载的主机名编码到缓存中，因此不可能使用镜像。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|809732|管理pip下载缓存的更好方法是将“下载包”步骤与“安装包”步骤分开。下载的文件通常被称为"sdist文件“(源代码发行版)，我将把它们存储在一个目录$SDIST_CACHE中。|809733|这两个步骤最终是：|809734|pip+install+--no-install+--use-mirrors+-I+--download=$SDIST_CACHE+<package+name>|code-block|syntax|javascript|809735|它将下载该包并将其放在$SDIST_CACHE所指向的目录中。它不会安装该程序包。然后你运行：|809736|pip+install+--find-links=file://$SDIST_CACHE+--no-index+--index-url=file:///dev/null+<package+name>+|809737|将软件包安装到您的虚拟环境中。理想情况下，$SDIST_CACHE应该在您的源代码控制下提交。在部署到生产环境时，您只需运行第二个pip命令即可安装软件包，而无需下载它们。|809738|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

PIP_DOWNLOAD_CACHE has some serious problems. Most importantly, it encodes the hostname of the download into the cache, so using mirrors becomes impossible. 

The better way to manage a cache of pip downloads is to separate the "download the package" step from the "install the package" step. The downloaded files are commonly referred to as "sdist files" (source distributions) and I'm going to store them in a directory $SDIST_CACHE. 

The two steps end up being:

<pre><code>pip install --no-install --use-mirrors -I --download=$SDIST_CACHE &lt;package name&gt;
</code></pre>

Which will download the package and place it in the directory pointed to by $SDIST_CACHE. It will not install the package. And then you run: 

<pre><code>pip install --find-links=file://$SDIST_CACHE --no-index --index-url=file:///dev/null &lt;package name&gt; 
</code></pre>

To install the package into your virtual environment. Ideally, $SDIST_CACHE would be committed under your source control. When deploying to production, you would run only the second pip command to install the packages without downloading them.

blocks|key|809777|text|仅使用pip+(我的版本是1.2.1)，您还可以像这样构建本地存储库：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|809778|if+!+pip+install+--find-links="file://$PIP_SDIST_INDEX"+--no-index+<package>;+then
++++pip+install+--download-directory="$PIP_SDIST_INDEX"+<package>
++++pip+install+--find-links="file://$PIP_SDIST_INDEX"+--no-index+<package>
fi|code-block|syntax|javascript|809779|在pip的第一次调用中，只在本地存储库中查找需求文件中的包，然后从本地存储库中安装。如果失败，pip将从其通常的位置(例如PyPI)检索包并将其下载到PIP_SDIST_INDEX+(但不安装任何东西！)。第一次调用是“重复的”，以便从本地索引正确地安装包。|offset|length|style|CODE|809780|(--download-cache创建的本地文件名是完整的(转义的)+URL，pip不能将其用作--find-links的索引。如果找到缓存的文件，--download-cache将使用该文件。我们可以将这个选项添加到pip的第二次调用中，但是由于索引已经起到了缓存的作用，所以它不一定会带来很多东西。例如，如果您的索引是空的，这将有所帮助。)|809781|entityMap^0|0|0|23|F|0|1|G|1C|C|22|G|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@$I|T|J|U|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|V|8|@$I|W|J|X|K|L]|$I|Y|J|Z|K|L]|$I|10|J|11|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

Using pip only (my version is 1.2.1), you can also build up a local repository like this:

<pre><code>if ! pip install --find-links="file://$PIP_SDIST_INDEX" --no-index &lt;package&gt;; then
 pip install --download-directory="$PIP_SDIST_INDEX" &lt;package&gt;
 pip install --find-links="file://$PIP_SDIST_INDEX" --no-index &lt;package&gt;
fi
</code></pre>

In the first call of pip, the packages from the requirements file are looked up in the local repository (only), and then installed from there. If that fails, pip retrieves the packages from its usual location (e.g. PyPI) and downloads it to the <code>PIP_SDIST_INDEX</code> (but does not install anything!). The first call is "repeated" to properly install the package from the local index.

(<code>--download-cache</code> creates a local file name which is the complete (escaped) URL, and pip cannot use this as an index with <code>--find-links</code>. <code>--download-cache</code> will use the cached file, if found. We could add this option to the second call of pip, but since the index already functions as a kind of cache, it does not necessarily bring a lot. It would help if your index is emptied, for instance.)

blocks|key|1024641|text|对于较新的Pip版本：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1024642|较新的Pip版本现在默认缓存下载。请参阅此文档：|1024643|https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#caching|offset|length|1024644|对于较早的Pip版本：|1024645|创建一个名为~/.pip/pip.conf的配置文件，并添加以下内容：|style|CODE|1024646|[global]
download_cache+=+~/.cache/pip|code-block|syntax|javascript|1024647|在OS上，更好的选择是~/Library/Caches/pip，因为它遵循其他OS程序使用的惯例。|1024648|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|0|1O|0|0|0|6|F|0|0|B|K|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@$F|14|G|15|1|16]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|18|8|@$F|19|G|1A|L|M]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|P|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$Q|R]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1C|8|@$F|1D|G|1E|L|M]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|E]]]]

<h1>For newer Pip versions:</h1>

Newer Pip versions now cache downloads by default. See this documentation:

<a href="https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#caching" rel="noreferrer">https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#caching</a>

<h1>For older Pip versions:</h1>

Create a configuration file named <code>~/.pip/pip.conf</code>, and add the following contents:

<pre><code>[global]
download_cache = ~/.cache/pip
</code></pre>

On OS X, a better path to choose would be <code>~/Library/Caches/pip</code> since it follows the convention other OS X programs use.

blocks|key|809887|text|一个更简单的选择是basket。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|809888|给定一个包名，它会将它和所有依赖项下载到一个中心位置；而不会有pip缓存的任何缺点。这对于脱机使用来说是很棒的。|809889|然后，您可以将此目录用作pip的源|809890|pip+install+--no-index+-f+file:///path/to/basket+package|code-block|syntax|javascript|809891|或easy_install|809892|easy_install+-f+~/path/to/basket+-H+None+package|809893|您还可以使用它来更新篮子，无论何时您在线。|809894|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://pythonhosted.org//Basket/^0|9|6|9|6|0|0|0|C|3|0|0|1|C|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]]|D|@$9|15|A|16|1|17]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|18|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|19|8|@$9|1A|A|1B|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|L|7|1C|8|@]|D|@]|E|$M|N]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1D|8|@$9|1E|A|1F|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|L|7|1G|8|@]|D|@]|E|$M|N]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|E|$10|11]]]]

A simpler option is <a href="http://pythonhosted.org//Basket/" rel="nofollow"><code>basket</code></a>.

Given a package name, it will download it and all dependencies to a central location; without any of the drawbacks of pip cache. This is great for offline use.

You can then use this directory as a source for <code>pip</code>:

<pre><code>pip install --no-index -f file:///path/to/basket package
</code></pre>

Or <code>easy_install</code>:

<pre><code>easy_install -f ~/path/to/basket -H None package
</code></pre>

You can also use it to update the basket whenever you are online.

blocks|key|809922|text|我认为"pip-accel“包一定是个不错的选择。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|809923|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

I think the package "pip-accel" must be a good choice.

blocks|key|809975|text|我发现以下内容对于下载软件包并从这些下载中进行安装非常有用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|809976|pip+download+-d+"$SOME_DIRECTORY"+some-package|code-block|syntax|javascript|809977|然后安装：|809978|pip+install+--no-index+--no-cache-dir+--find-links="$SOME_DIRECTORY"|809979|其中，$SOME_DIRECTORY是软件包要下载到的目录的路径。|offset|length|style|CODE|809980|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|3|F|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@$M|X|N|Y|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

I found the following to be useful for downloading packages and then installing from those downloads:
<pre><code>pip download -d &quot;$SOME_DIRECTORY&quot; some-package
</code></pre>
Then to install:
<pre><code>pip install --no-index --no-cache-dir --find-links=&quot;$SOME_DIRECTORY&quot;
</code></pre>
Where <code>$SOME_DIRECTORY</code> is the path to the directory that the packages are to be downloaded to.

I install a lot of the same packages in different <a href="http://virtualenv.openplans.org/">virtualenv</a> environments. Is there a way that I can download a package once and then have <a href="http://pip.openplans.org/">pip</a> install from a local cache? 

This would reduce download bandwidth and time.

How do I install from a local cache with pip?

我在不同的环境中安装了很多相同的包。有没有办法让我下载一次包，然后从本地缓存安装？这将减少下载带宽和时间。

问如何使用pip从本地缓存安装？
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